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All Journal Jurnal Geocelebes Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal) sCEj– : Sustainable Civil Engineering Journal
Kusuma, Wirahadi
Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bengkulu
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Physics Transportation

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Kajian Metode Geofisika Seismik Refraksi Untuk Karakterisasi Lapisan Tanah Dalam Penentuan Bedrock Area Bendungan Kusuma, Wira Hadi
Sustainable Civil Engineering Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2025): Volume 2 Nomor 1 2025
Publisher : Department of Civil Education FT UNM

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Abstract

Identification of bedrock is a crucial aspect in dam construction planning. This study aims to determine the depth and characteristics of subsurface layers using the seismic refraction method. The survey was conducted along a 69-meter profile using 24 geophones spaced 3 meters apart and five energy source shots. First arrival times were picked using DOSBox software and interpreted with Seisrefa to generate a subsurface velocity model. The results revealed two main layers. The first layer exhibited a P-wave velocity of 0.64 km/s, interpreted as loose soil or weathered volcanic material. The second layer showed a velocity of 2.5 km/s with a depth of up to 12.5 meters, identified as bedrock consistent with the lithology of the Waturanda Formation, consisting of breccia and tuffaceous sandstones from deep marine deposits. In conclusion, the seismic refraction method is effective in mapping subsurface structures and identifying bedrock. However, heterogeneity caused by the riverbank location of the survey requires additional verification using borehole data or Standard Penetration Test (SPT) to accurately determine layer thickness and lithology.
Penentuan Episenter dan Hiposenter dengan Menggunakan Metode Wadati dan Lingkaran Kusuma, Wira Hadi
Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Mataram University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/goescienceed.v7i1.1404

Abstract

Seismic waves propagate from the earthquake source in all directions, with a spherical pattern moving within a three-dimensional field. Therefore, a seismograph is designed to record vibration components in both vertical and horizontal directions. Vertical vibrations are recorded on the vertical component seismogram or UD (up-down or compression-dilatation), while horizontal vibrations are recorded on the N–S (north-south) and E–W (east-west) component seismograms. These three components can be used to analyze wave propagation in three-dimensional directions. Earthquakes can be observed through the arrival of P-waves and S-waves on a seismogram. The arrival times of P-waves and S-waves are used to determine the hypocenter, which is the earthquake focus within the Earth, and the epicenter, which is the projection of the hypocenter onto the Earth’s surface. Various methods are available to determine the epicenter and hypocenter; in this study, the two- to three-station circle method and the Wadati method were used to determine the earthquake’s epicenter and hypocenter based on picking results from Seisgram2K70.
Hypocenter Relocation using Teleseismic Double Difference Method (Case Study: West Sulawesi, Indonesia) Lestari, Harmita; Supendi, Pepen; Nugraha, Andri Dian; Kusuma, Wira Hadi
JURNAL GEOCELEBES Vol. 10 No. 1: April 2026
Publisher : Departemen Geofisika, FMIPA - Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70561/geocelebes.v10i1.50204

Abstract

This study analyzes seismicity in West Sulawesi through earthquake hypocenter relocation using the teleseismic double-difference (TeletomoDD) method. P-wave arrival times recorded by local, regional, and teleseismic stations from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) were analyzed for the period January 2017 to January 2021. The hypocenter relocation results show a significant reduction in residual time, with most values concentrated between −10 and 10 before relocation and more than 50% near zero after relocation. The epicenters shifted toward the northwest and southeast, driven by the complex tectonic conditions and the presence of shallow faults, particularly along the Mamuju–Mamasa at depths of 5 km to 10 km. The average horizontal hypocenter shift was approximately 4.9 km relative to the routine BMKG catalog, with maximum corrections reaching approximately 17.7 km, and roughly 37.5% of events showing shifts 4-5 km, indicating a substantial improvement in the spatial accuracy of the original catalog. The seismicity analysis results indicated that the fault area was dominated by shallow earthquakes with an average earthquake magnitude of M > 4. The local tectonic regime, mainly controlled by an active shallow crustal thrust fault, suggests that the majority of seismic events are related to local faulting, although some mechanisms remain uncertain. The relocated hypocenter distribution obtained in this study indicates relatively high seismicity in the region. These findings provide improved constraints on seismicity patterns and fault geometry in West Sulawesi, which are important for understanding regional tectonics in more detailed.
Co-Authors Andri Dian Nugraha Lestari, Harmita Supendi, Pepen