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Deformation and Energy Absorption of Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLS) After Ballistic Impact Load Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Setyarini, Putu Hadi
SENATIK STT Adisutjipto Vol 5 (2019): Peran Teknologi untuk Revitalisasi Bandara dan Transportasi Udara [ISBN XXX-XXX-XXXXX-
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/senatik.v5i0.361

Estimated damage levels from ballistic impact zones provide valuable information to make bulletproof materials more effective. This study aims to determine the impact of ballistics including deformation and energy absorption in fiber metal laminates (FMLs) that collide with 9 mm FMJ caliber bullets at speeds of 426 m/s. Finite element method modeling is done using ANSYS 18.1 workbench software. The simulation results show that FMLs can hold the bullet rate with deformation on the back of the target (DOPIII) of 8,55 mm and total energy absorption of 426,59 J at 0,000095 s. The combination of two materials, Al 5083 in the outer layer and kevlar/epoxy as the core, results in faster energy absorption and maximum stress concentrations only occur in the kevlar/epoxy so there is no damage to the first and subsequent layers.

Karakteristik Fiber Metal Laminate Akibat Beban Impak Balistik Dari Peluru Kaliber 9 mm Full Metal Jacket (FMJ) Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Setyarini, Putu Hadi
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol 12, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jrm.2021.012.01.12

Estimated damage levels from ballistics impact zone provide valuable information to make bulletproof materials more effective. Therefore, this study aims to determine the impact of ballistics including hole shape, hole depth, macro, and microstructure on fiber metal laminate. The characteristics of ballistics impact for each configuration target is obtained from experiment and comparison based on simulations with finite element method. Test experiments used short-barreled fire guns at a distance of 5 meters with a normal attack angle based on the National Institute of Justice standard. Simulation with Johnson-Cook plasticity models for aluminum plate and orthotropic material model for kevlar/epoxy. The experiment and simulation results showed that the projectile is able to perforate the first layer (aluminum plate) and the second layer (Kevlar/epoxy) while the last layer (backplate) is deformed to form a bulge. The aluminum plate is perforated by the failure of petaling formation on the backside and spread of dimple fracture around the area of the petal which indicates ductile fracture while kevlar/epoxy is perforated by projectile with failure of fiber fracture on primary yarn, fiber pull-out, fiber stretching and fiber rupture.

EFEK VARIASI ARUS DAN WAKTU PENCELUPAN PADA PROSES ELECTROPLATING PLAT BAJA KOMERSIL TERHADAP KETEBALAN LAPISAN DAN LAJU KOROSI Muhammad Syaiful Fadly; Muhammad Iqbal; Ramang Magga
Jurnal MEKANIKAL Vol 10, No 1 (2019): Jurnal Mekanikal Januari 2019
Publisher : Jurnal MEKANIKAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (598.215 KB)

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Jurusan Teknik Mesin Universitas Tadulako dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efek variasi arus dan waktu pencelupan terhadap ketebalan lapisan dan laju korosi pada proses electroplating plat baja komersil dengan menggunakan pelapis nikel. Proses electroplating dilakukan dengan variasi kuat arus sebesar 3,6,9, dan 12 ampere dengan waktu pencelupan 1800 dan 3600 detik. Setelah itu dilakukan proses pengkorosian dengan waktu yang sama untuk semua spesimen yaitu 3600 detik.Hasil pengujian ketebalan lapisan tertinggi diperoleh pada waktu pencelupan 3600 detik dengan arus 12 ampere yaitu sebesar 0,93 mm dan ketebalan lapisan terendah pada waktu pencelupan 1800 detik dengan arus 3 ampere yaitu 0,48 mm. Semakin lama waktu pelapisan dan kuat arus maka semakin kecil nilai laju korosi. Semakin tebal lapisan pelindung nikel di permukaan, maka spesimen memiliki ketahanan korosi yang semakin baik, yaitu pada arus 12 ampere dengan waktu electroplating 3600 detik sebesar 25909,14 mpy terutama bila dibandingkan dengan spesimen yang tidak dilapisi mengalami laju korosi yang paling besar yaitu sebesar 111318,37 mpy.Kata kunci : electroplating, waktu, kuat arus, ketebalan, laju korosi, plat baja komersil, nikel, katoda, mpy

PERFORATION AND PENETRATION OF FIBER METAL LAMINATES TARGET BY HEMISPHERICAL PROJECTILE Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Setyarini, Putu Hadi; Bakri, Bakri; Chandrabakty, Sri
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 4 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2023.004.02.8

This study aims to examine the phenomena that occur due to projectile penetration on fiber metal laminate. Ballistic testing was carried out experimentally according to National Institute of Justice standards (NIJ Standard 0101.06 level III-A) using a 9 mm full-metal jacket projectile with a normal angle of attack (90° to the target). The results showed that fiber metal laminate could withstand the projectile rate by penetrating the first layer (aluminum plate) and the second layer (aramid/epoxy), while the last layer was deformed to form a bulge. The pierced aluminum plate is characterized by petalling failure. Meanwhile, the aramid/epoxy was penetrated by the projectile with failure of the primary yarn to break the fiber.

EFFECT OF PENETRATION POSITIONS BULLETS ON A PERFORATED PLATE AGAINST BALLISTIC RESISTANCE OF FIBER METAL LAMINATE (FML) Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Setyarini, Putu Hadi; Mustafa, Mustafa; Hamzah, Muhammad Sadat
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2025.006.01.3

This study aims to examine the phenomena that occur due to projectile penetration on fiber metal laminate. Ballistic testing was carried out experimentally according to National Institute of Justice standards (NIJ Standard 0101.06 level III-A) using a 9 mm full-metal jacket projectile with a normal angle of attack (90° to the target). The results showed that fiber metal laminate could withstand the projectile rate by penetrating the first layer (aluminum plate) and the second layer (aramid/epoxy), while the last layer was deformed to form a bulge. The pierced aluminum plate is characterized by petalling failure. Meanwhile, the aramid/epoxy was penetrated by the projectile with failure of the primary yarn to break the fiber.

EFFECT OF DRILLING PARAMETERS ON THRUST FORCE AND DELAMINATION DAMAGE OF DRILLED RAMIE WOVEN – COIR FIBER HYBRID COMPOSITES Chandrabakty, Sri; Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Nilasari, Sri
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 15 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v15i3.1890

This study examines the effect of spindle speed and feed rate variations on the delamination mechanism and thrust force of hybrid composite materials reinforced with ramie weave and coir fibers. The specimen was made with a volume fraction of 30%, consisting of 6 layers of woven ramie, with the remainder being coir. The drilling process is divided into four main phases, showing changes in thrust force at each stage. The results indicate that an increase in feed rate tends to increase thrust force and cause microstructural damage such as delamination and fiber pull-out. At a feed rate of 0.26 mm/rev and a spindle speed of 1500 RPM, the maximum thrust force is reached, indicating the most severe damage. The delamination factor is higher on the exit side compared to the entry side, especially at higher spindle speeds. Tensile tests show a significant decrease in the tensile strength of the composite material due to drilling, with the highest tensile stress achieved at a spindle speed of 1500 RPM and a feed rate of 0.1 mm/rev, although still lower than the sample without holes. The combination of high feed rate and high spindle speed increases the risk of material damage, but the proper selection of drilling parameters can help minimize damage and maintain the mechanical integrity of the composite material. This study provides important insights for industrial applications where mechanical strength and drilling efficiency are crucial.

EFFECT OF PENETRATION POSITIONS BULLETS ON A PERFORATED PLATE AGAINST BALLISTIC RESISTANCE OF FIBER METAL LAMINATE (FML) Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Purnowidodo, Anindito; Setyarini, Putu Hadi; Mustafa, Mustafa; Hamzah, Muhammad Sadat
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Technologies and Applications Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/MECHTA.2025.006.01.3

This study aims to examine the phenomena that occur due to projectile penetration on fiber metal laminate. Ballistic testing was carried out experimentally according to National Institute of Justice standards (NIJ Standard 0101.06 level III-A) using a 9 mm full-metal jacket projectile with a normal angle of attack (90° to the target). The results showed that fiber metal laminate could withstand the projectile rate by penetrating the first layer (aluminum plate) and the second layer (aramid/epoxy), while the last layer was deformed to form a bulge. The pierced aluminum plate is characterized by petalling failure. Meanwhile, the aramid/epoxy was penetrated by the projectile with failure of the primary yarn to break the fiber.

Effect of Various Canopy Shapes on the Drag Coefficient of Pickup Trucks Anwar, Khairil; Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Hermanto, Muhammad Wahyu
Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST) Vol 9, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17977/um016v9i12025p203

The aerodynamic performance of light commercial vehicles, such as the Suzuki Carry, plays a crucial role in their fuel economy and road stability. One typical add-on, a canopy, often changes that airflow and, as a result, alters the drag acting on the vehicle. In this study, three different canopy shapes, flat, curved, and triangular, were examined to understand how each one affects the drag coefficient (Cd). To investigate this, both wind tunnel trials and CFD runs were conducted to track the airflow and measure any changes in drag with greater detail. For reference, the exact vehicle without a canopy was used as the base for comparison. From what has been observed, it is clear that adding a canopy tends to increase drag compared to leaving the cargo bed open. Of the three shapes tested, the flat canopy proved to be the most effective in increasing Cd, especially at moderate speeds. At around 80 km/h, for example, it pushed drag up by just over 11.063%. On the other hand, the curved canopy yielded the best result, adding only about 2.071% at 60 km/h. Flow images from the CFD runs showed that the flat and triangular designs disrupted the airflow more significantly, resulting in greater flow separation and larger wakes behind the truck. In contrast, the curved canopy seemed to keep the air closer to the surface, leaving less turbulence in its wake.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SUGARCANE FIBER COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH MALAPOGA WOOD COATING Sirajuddin, Awal Syahrani; Fadly, Muhammad Syaiful; Iqbal, Muhammad; Asmara, Anjar
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 16 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v16i2.1944

Rapid technological developments have led to an increased demand for composite materials. However, composite materials utilizing natural fibers, such as sugarcane bagasse fiber, have not been fully optimized. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of sugarcane bagasse fiber-reinforced composites with a Malapoga wood coating, focusing on the Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR). The primary material used in this research was Malapoga wood (Toona Ciliata M. Roem), which was treated with a mixture of sugarcane bagasse fiber and epoxy in volume ratios of 30%:70%, 40%:60%, and 50%:50%. The composites were then coated with Malapoga wood under cold pressure. Specimens and bending strength testing procedures followed ASTM D143 standards. Macro photographs of the fracture cross-sections of the test specimens were taken to determine the failure mechanism. The test results indicated that the composite with a 50%:50% composition exhibited highest MOE and MOR values compared to the other compositions. The maximum modulus of elasticity (MOE) at 50% was 70,256.67 kg/cm², and for 50% MOR, it was 716.36 Kg/cm². The mixture of sugarcane bagasse fiber with epoxy produced a denser coating on the Malapoga wood.

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