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DOSIS BIOCHAR DIPERKAYA SILIKA DAN ARANG AKTIF DALAM PERBAIKAN KAPASITAS MEMEGANG AIR, C-ORGANIK DAN KAPASITAS TUKAR KATION PADA INCEPTISOL Islamiati, Annisa; Citraresmini, Ania; Tamad, Tamad
Jurnal Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jtsl.2024.011.2.19

Inceptisol is a widespread soil with a total of 37% of the land area in Indonesia. On the island of Java, Inceptisol has an intensive management intensity, one of which is in Kertasari District, Bandung Regency, West Java, which has a high potential for soil damage due to a decrease in the soil's ability to hold water. Biochar enriched with silica and activated charcoal Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) is a type of organic soil amendment that can improve the ability of Inceptisol to hold water and support nutrient needs through organic C indicators and cation exchange capacity. The research was carried out by taking soil samples and then incubating them according to the treatment for 14 days. The experimental design used in the study was a non-factorial, Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with 12 levels consisting of 3 L/ha of silica-enriched rice husk biochar and OPEFB's activated charcoal, with each in the range of 0-6.25 tons/ha. Measurement results of water holding capacity parameters, C-organic, and cation exchange capacity were analyzed statistically, and significant differences in responses were obtained from the treatments. The optimum dose for Inceptisol in Kertasari uses silica-enriched biochar to increase water holding capacity, organic C, and cation exchange capacity, respectively, at 4.92 tons/ha, 5.73 tons/ha, and 2.51 tons/ha. Otherwhile, OPEFB's activated charcoal was 1.7 tons/ha, 0.125 tons/ha, and 1.5 tons/ha, respectively.

Effect of Cyanobacteria-Enriched Compost on Maize (Zea mays. L) Growth and Yield and Nutrient Uptake in Inceptisols Oktaviyani, Trias; Tamad, Tamad; Purwani, Jati
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 29 No. 1: January 2024
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2024.v29i1.11-21

Increased production of food crops has various obstacles, including soil fertility, which is also caused by the price of inorganic fertilizers, which is burdensome for farmers. Organic and biofertilizers can reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers and the level of degradation of soil fertility. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of Indonesia Soil Research Institute in Bogor from October 2021 to March 2022. The treatments were laid out in a randomized block design consisting of 12 treatments with three replications, consisting of level doses of NPK combined with compost, cyanobacteria, and (Cyanobacteria-enriched compost). (NPK75%+compost) treatment gave the highest corn cobs and grain yield by 209.86 g plant-1 (8.55%) and 163.49 g plant-1 (6.42%), respectively compared to NPK100%. The treatment of (NPK75%+compost) gave a similar grain yield with 100% NPK and can scale down NPK used by 25%. (NPK50%+cyanobacteria-enriched compost) treatment increased N uptake by 48.81% compared to NPK100%. The treatment of (NPK50%+cyanobacteria-enriched compost) increased P uptake by 0.8 mg plant-1 or 17.0% compared to NPK50%+compost. At NPK50%+cyanobacteria, K uptake increased by about 31.46% compared to NPK50%.

Cadmium (Cd) heavy metal reduction in liquid and soil using indigenous soil bacteria isolated from Cd-contaminated paddy fields Hadi, Sapto Nugroho; Haryanto, Totok Agung Dwi; Tamad, Tamad; Ahadiyat, Yugi R.
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8561

The challenge in Indonesian agriculture is the contamination of cadmium (Cd) in rice fields. Cadmium contamination in rice fields is a serious environmental and health problem. Reducing Cd contamination from rice fields is essential. One way is through the use of indigenous microbes. The study aimed to obtain indigenous bacteria from Cd-contaminated rice fields and determine their ability to reduce Cd contamination in liquid and soil media. Soil samples were taken from six locations of Cd-contaminated rice fields in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The population of soil bacteria was calculated. Selected isolates were tested for their tolerance and ability to reduce Cd. Potential isolates were identified based on their 16S rDNA sequences. The results showed that the most prominent Cd-tolerant bacteria were found in soil samples from Ajibarang, with 1.8 × 106 CFU/g of soil. The study obtained five isolates with high tolerance to Cd, up to 100 ppm, and was able to reduce Cd by 45.58% to 70.02% in liquid media and from 0.92 ppm to 0.02 ppm in soil media. All bacterial isolates are non-pathogenic to plants. Isolate GML2, SRU2, and KBS1 were from Priestia megaterium, JTL1 was from Neobacillus ginsengisoli, and PLK1 was from Gottfriedia sp. The isolates have the potential to be used to reduce Cd contamination and remediate rice fields contaminated with Cd.

ISOLASI DAN UJI EFEKTIFITAS IN VITRO MIKROBA PELARUT FOSFAT ISOLAT AJIBARANG Tamad, Tamad; Maryanto, Joko
Agrin Vol 15, No 1 (2011): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2011.15.1.121

Kelarutan P yang rendah dalam tanah dapat ditingkatkan antara lain dengan memanfaatkan mikrobapelarut fosfat (MPF). MPF menghasilkan sejumlah asam organik (sitrat, oksalat, glukonat, laktat dan fumarat)yang mampu melarutkan P. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat MPF lokal yang unggul dalammelarutkan P dari Batuan Fosfat (BF) deposit Ajibarang. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktor tunggal,yaitu MPF dengan 10 isolat bakteri dan 10 isolat fungi. Rancangan yang digunakan ialah Rancangan AcakLengkap dengan tiga ulangan. Berdasarkan karakteristik kemampuan mengasamkan media tumbuh, lajutumbuh dan daya melarutkan P (zone bening dan P terlarut) maka: a) isolat dari sumber akar tanaman lebihunggul dibanding asal tanah sekitar perakaran, b) isolat dari tanaman padi dan jagung lebih unggul dibandingdari tanaman lainnya dan c) isolat kelompok bakteri lebih unggul dibanding kelompok fungi. MPF dengan dayalarut P dari BF tertinggi ialah isolat bakteri dari akar padi dan jagung dengan daya larut 1,2 sampai 1,3 ppmP/hari.Kata kunci: mikroba pelarut fosfat, batuan fosfat, isolat AjibarangÂ ABSTRACTThe low solubility of P in soil could be enhance by using microorganisms. This due to the organic acids(citrate, oxalate, gluconate, lactate and fumarate) produce by soil microorganisms could increase the solublityof P. The organic acid could form chelate with Al, Fe and Ca, result in the release of P. The research aimed isto get Phosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms (PSM) isolat well on solubilizing P of Ajibarang Rock Phosphate(RP). The single factor of this research is PSM (ten bactery and ten fungy). The research was arranged inComplete Randomized Design with three repeated. The base of acidity capability, rate of growth andsolubilizing of P, so isolate PSM: a) from rhizoplane is better than isolate from rhizosphere, b) from paddy andcorn better than anather plant and c) bactery isolate better than fungy isolate. Isolate PSM with highestsolubilizing of P from RP is bactery isolate from paddy and corn root. Phosphorus soluble from RP by thatisolate is between 1.2 to 1.3 ppm P/day.Key words: phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, rock phosphate, Ajibarang isolate

MEDIA PEMBAWA ALTERNATIF INOKULAN MIKROBA PELARUT FOSFAT BERBASIS LIMBAH PERTANIAN Tamad, Tamad; Maryanto, Joko
Agrin Vol 14, No 2 (2010): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2010.14.2.112

Mikroba Pelarut Fosfat (MPF) sudah lama digunakan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemupukan P.Perakitan MPF dalam bentuk inokulan yang murah dan mudah diaplikasikan perlu dikembangkan. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk menguji laju tumbuh dan daya pelarutan fosfat dari Pseudomonas sp., dan Aspergillus sp. padapembawa padat dan cair serta lama inkubasi dalam pembawa tersebut. Percobaan terdiri dari tiga faktor yangdisusun dalam rancangan petak terbagi. Petak utama ialah MPF dengan taraf: Pseudomonas sp. (bakteri), danAspergillus sp. (jamur). Anak petak ialah media pembawa dengan taraf: pembawa padat, dan pembawa cair.Anak-anak petak ialah komposisi media pembawa dengan 4 taraf. Pembawa padat berupa campuran abu sekam(AS), dedak padi (DP), dan onggok tapioka (OT), terdiri atas: 30 % AS dan 30 % DP, 30 % AS dan 30 % OT,30 % DP dan 30 % OT, dan 20 % AS, 20 % DP, dan 20 % OT dengan 40 % air; dan pembawa cair berupamolase terdiri atas: 25 %, 50 %, 75 % dan 100 % volume molase. Inkubasi inokulan selama 4 minggu dan 8minggu. Laju tumbuh Pseudomonas sp. (0,75 UPK/ml/hari) lebih cepat dibanding Aspergillus sp. (0,54UPK/ml/hari). P terlarut oleh Aspergillus sp. (21,41 ppm) lebih banyak dibanding Pseudomonas sp. (9,98 ppm)dan P terlarut oleh bakteri dan jamur pelarut fosfat asal pembawa padat (20,27 ppm) lebih banyak dibandingasal pembawa cair (8,76 ppm), sedangkan P terlarut oleh Pseudomonas sp., dan Aspergillus sp. antara inkubasi4 minggu dan 8 minggu sama. Perbedaan pembawa padat dan cair tidak mempengaruhi laju tumbuhPseudomonas sp., dan Aspergillus sp. Inkubasi 8 minggu menurunkan laju tumbuh Pseudomonas sp. danAspergillus sp. Pembawa padat terbaik untuk Pseudomonas sp., dan Aspergillus sp. isolat Ajibarang adalah 20% Abu Sekam, 20 % Dedak Padi, dan 20 % Onggok Tapioka dan 25 % Molase untuk pembawa cair.Kata kunci: mikroba pelarut fosfat, media pembawa, inokulan, limbah pertanianÂ ABSTRACTPhosphate Solubilizing Microorganisms (PSM) has been used for increasing P fertilization efficinencyfor a long time. The research of carrier for PSM inoculants effective need to be developed. The researchaimed to evaluate the viability and the ability of phosphate solubilization of Pseudomonas sp., and Aspergillussp. in solid and liquid carrier and incubation time. The research arrange on Split-split Plot Design, with threefactors. The main factor is PSM with two levels are bactery (Pseudomonas sp.) and fungy (Aspergillus sp.) ofphosphate solubilizing. The sub plot is carrier wit level solid and liquid carrier. The sub-sub plot is 4 levels ofcarrier. Solid carrier are hush ash (HA), rice waste (RW) and tapioca waste (TW), with composition: 30 % HAand 30 % RW, 30 % HA and 30 % TW, 30 % RW and 30 % TW and 20 % HA, 20 % RW and 20 % TW with 40% is water; and liquid carrier is molase with concentration: 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % volum molase.Incubation time of innoculant is 4 weeks and 8 weeks. The growth rate Pseudomonas sp. (0.75 CFU/ml/day)faster than Aspergillus sp. (0.54 CFU/ml/day). The soluble P by Aspergillus sp. (21.41 ppm) is greater thanPseudomonas sp. (9.98 ppm) and the soluble P by Pseudomonas sp., and Aspergillus sp. from solid carrier(20.27 ppm) greater than liquid carrier (8.76 ppm), while the incubation time could not affect the soluble P byPseudomonas sp., and Aspergillus sp. The different between solid and liquid carrier could not affect the growthrate of Pseudomonas sp., and Aspergillus sp., however, 8 weeks incubation could decrease the growth rate.The best solid carrier for isolate Pseudomonas sp., and Aspergillus sp. of Ajibarang is 20 % of hush ash, 20 %of rice waste and 20 % of tapioca waste and 25 % of molase for liquid carrier.Key words: phosphate solubilizing microorganims, inoculants, carrier, agriculture wasteÂ

DESAIN MULTI SOIL LAYERING (MSL) BIOMINERAL UNTUK PENYARINGAN LIMBAH CAIR KILANG MINYAK GUNA AIR IRIGASI Tamad, Tamad; Maryanto, Joko
Agrin Vol 18, No 2 (2014): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tahun 2010 didapatkan bahwa kombinasi zeolit, batuan fosfat, arang aktif dan Andisol dengan inokulasi Pseudomonas sp., dan Bacillus sp. 10 mL 109 UPK/kg bahan sebagai pengisi MSL efektif Â menurunkan cemaran air limbah industri kilang minyak. Sebagai tindak lanjut pada tahun berikutnya dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan merancang blok MSL biomineral sebagai penyaring air limbah kilang minyak di inlet. Â Blok MSL biomineral dibuat dengan ukuran 5 cm x 15 cm x 30 cm dengan mineral pengisi 80-95 %, dan bahan perekat liat (Vertisol), kapur (kalsit) dan semen 5-20 %. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap dua faktor (jenis perekat dan dosis perekat).Â Perlakuan bahan penyemen terdiri atas: liat (Vertisol) (B1), kapur (B2), semen (B3), liat + kapur (B4), dan liat + kapur + semen (B5); Dan dosis bahan penyemen terdiri atas: 5 % (D1), 10 % (D2), dan 20% (D3). Variabel yang diamati adalah: pH, hidrokarbon, Cd, Pb, Hg, dan As.Â Konsentrasi cemaran air limbah hasil penyaringan MSL dibandingkan dengan baku mutu Â FEPA 1991, PP 85 tahun 1999, dan Permen LH No. 04 Th. 2007. Â Variabel pH dan kadar Hg air limbah kilang minyak pada lagun satu di bawah baku mutu, sedangkan variabel hidrokarbon/minyak, Cd, Pb, dan As masih di atas baku mutu.Â Materi perekat MSL liat, kapur, semen, dan campurannya berpengaruh berbeda terhadap efektifitas MSL dalam menyaring polutan air limbahÂ kilang minyak.Â Liat, dan campuran liat dan kapur paling efektif menyaring polutan air limbahÂ kilang minyak.Â Komposisi perekat MSL 10% paling baikÂ dalam menurunkan kadar polutan air limbahÂ kilang minyak.Â Kata kunci: biomineral, multi soil layering, limbah cair kilang minyak, irigasiÂ ABSTRACTBased on the research in 2010 found that the combination of Â zeolite, rock phosphate, activated charcoal and Andisol with inoculation of Pseudomonas sp., and Bacillus sp . 10 mL 109 CFU/kg MSL filler material as effectively lowering contaminant oil refinery industry wastewater. As a follow-up study conducted in 2011 with the purpose of the MSL design blocks biomineral as refinery waste water filter on the inlet. Block MSL biomineral created with a size of Â 5 cm x 15 cm x 30 cm with 80-95 % mineral filler, and an adhesive/cementing clay (Vertisol), limestone (calcite) and 5-20 % cement. Experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design of two factors (type of adhesive and adhesive doses. Treatment consisted of cementing material: clay (Vertisol) (B1), lime (B2), cement (B3), clay + lime (B4), and clay + lime + cement (B5); And dose cementing material consists of: 5 % (D1), 10 % (D2), and 20 % (D3). The variables measured were: pH, hydrocarbons, Cd, Pb, Hg, and As. Concentration of wastewater contamination screening results compared to the standard quality MSL FEPA, 199, PP 85 of 1999, and Permen LH. No. 04 Th. , 2007. Variable pH and Hg levels in the refinery wastewater lagoon below the quality standard , while the variable hydrocarbon /oil, Cd, P, and As are still on uper of the standard. Â MSL adhesive material clay, lime, cement, and mixtures of different influence on the effectiveness of the MSL filter oil refinery wastewater pollutants. Clay, and a mixture of clay and lime most effective filter oil refinery wastewater pollutants. MSL adhesive composition of 10 % is best in lowering oil refinery wastewater pollutants.Â Key words: biomineral, multi soil layering, liquid waste of oil refinery, irrigationÂ

PELARUTAN HAYATI BATUAN FOSFAT SEBAGAI PUPUK FOSFOR PADA BUDIDAYA KEDELAI DI ULTISOL Tamad, Tamad; Maryanto, Joko
Agrin Vol 14, No 1 (2010): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2010.14.1.102

Ultisol merupakan tanah yang cukup potensial dari segi luas untuk dikembangkan pemanfaatannya bagisektor pertanian di Indonesia. Namun kendala utama Ultisol ialah ketersediaan fosfor yang rendah, akibat pHtanah yang masam dan kejenuhan aluminium yang tinggi. Batuan fosfat (BF) merupakan salah satu sumberfosfor yang cukup potensial, namun kelarutan fosfornya rendah. Salah satu usaha untuk meningkatkanketersediaan fosfor, melarutkan fosfor sukar larut dan yang terikat oleh aluminium, ialah dengan pemanfaatanmikroba pelarut fosfat (MPF). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah Rancangan Petak Terbagi. Sebagaipetak utama dosis BF, yaitu: tanpa pemupukan BF, pemupukan setara 100 kg/ ha P2O5, 200 kg/ ha P2O5, 300 kg/ha P2O5 dan 400 kg/ ha P2O5. Sebagai anak petak MPF, yaitu: tanpa MPF, Pseudomonas sp., dan Aspergillussp. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan MPF dan BF meningkatkan pertumbuhan, hasil dan serapan P kedelai.Pengaruh MPF meningkatkan hasil dan serapan P sebesar 50 persen, sedangkan pengaruh BF meningkatkanhasil dan 200 persen serapan P sebesar 300 persen dibanding kontrol. Pseudomonas sp.dan Aspergillus sp. yangdigunakan sebagai MPF, walaupun mempunyai morfologi yang berbeda, namun kemampuannya dalammelarutkan fosfor relatif sama. Pengaruh BF meningkatkan hasil dan serapan P, takaran BF optimal adalah 300kg P2O5 ha-1 .Kata kunci: mikroba pelarut fosfat, batuan fosfat, Ultisol, kedelaiÂ ABSTRACTUltisolls, ocuppy a large area in Indonesia, was a quite potential soil for agricultural development. Themajor constrains of its soil was the low availability of phosphorus (P) since the soil pH was acid and the high ofAl. Rock phosphate (RP) was one of the source of P that was quite potential, however, its solubility from the RPwas quite low. One of the efforts to increase the availability of the P, to sulubilize the insoluble P and theabsorbed P by Al was the use phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM). The experiment was arranged insplit plot design. The main factor was the dosage of rock phosphate, consists of: 0; 100; 200; 300 and 400 kg/ haP2O5. The sub plot was PSM, consists of: without PSM, Pseudomonas sp., and Aspergillus sp. The resultshowed that the treatment of PSM and RP increase the growth, yield, and P-uptake of soybean increase 50percent of yield and P-uptake, and RP increase 300 percent of yield and 200 percent P-uptake compared withthe control. Pseudomonas sp. and Aspergillus sp. used as PSM, although had a different morphology, however,the ability in solubilizing P was not different. The yield and P-uptake of soybean increase affected by RP,optimally RP dosage is 300 kgs P2O5 ha-1.Key words: phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, rock phosphate, Ultisolls, soybean

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SERBUK GERGAJIAN KAYU UNTUK MEDIA JAMUR KONSUMSI BERNILAI EKONOMI DAN PROSPEKTIF Tamad, Tamad; Maryanto, Joko; Widyasunu, Purwandaru; Budiono, M.N.; Kartini, Kartini
Agrin Vol 19, No 2 (2015): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2015.19.2.245

Jamur prospektif untuk dikembangkan karena bernilai ekonomi, bergizi, penambah stamina, kekebalantubuh dan sebagai obat. Tujuan penelitian ialah mengembangkan jamur konsumsi yang bernilai ekonomi danprospektif. Jamur (tiram putih, tiram cokelat, tiram pink, tiram ungu, merang, shitake, kuping, enokitake, nyokodan ling zhi) dikembangkan dari sumber bibit jamur yang muda dan sehat. Pembuatan bibit jamur meliputipembuatan kultur murni (F0), pembuatan log botol (F1), dan pembuatan log tebar (F2) atau log produksi (F3).Pengembangan jamur menggunakan media tumbuh limbah serbuk gergajian kayu yang melimpah di Banyumas.Bibit jamur yang dikultur pada media PDA tumbuh setelah 5 hari inkubasi dan pertumbuhan miselium menutupisemua permukaan PDA selama 2-4 minggu. Bibit induk/log botol (F1) mulai tumbuh pada minggu pertama,inkubasi dilanjutkan sampai miselium memenuhi media pada log selama 1-2 bulan. Jamur pada log produksi (F3)mulai tumbuh pada minggu pertama, inkubasi dilanjutkan sampai miselium memenuhi media selama 2-3 bulan.Tiga jenis jamur (tiram coklat, nyoko dan lin zhi) tidak tumbuh pada media serbuk gergaji kayu, tetapi tujuh jenisjamur lainnya tumbuh dengan waktu tumbuh berbeda namun laju tumbuh tidak berbeda (0,5-2,0 g/hari).Kata kunci: bibit jamur, produksi jamur, jamur konsumsi, media jamur serbuk gergajian kayu, laju tumbuh jamurABSTRACTMushroom prospective to be developed because of economic value, nutritious, stamina added, immunityand as a medicine. The research aim is to develop economic value and prospective edible Mushroom. Mushrooms(white oyster, brown oyster, pink oyster, purple oyster, straw, shitake, ears, enokitake, nyoko and ling zhi)developed from seed sources are young and healthy mushroom. Making the mushroom seeds include the cultureof pure culture (F0), the culture of bottles log (F1), and the culture of log stocking (F2) or log production (F3).Development of mushroom used growing media of wood sawdust waste abundant in Banyumas. Mushroom seedscultured on PDA grow after 5 days of incubation and growth of mycelium cover all surfaces PDA for 2-4 weeks.Bottles log (F1) began to grow in the first week, incubation is continued until mycelium cover all the media on alog for 1-2 months. Mushrooms on log production (F3) began to grow in the first week, incubation is continueduntil mycelium cover all the media for 2-3 months. Three types of mushrooms (brown oyster, nyoko and lin zhi)does not grow on wood sawdust media, but seven types of mushrooms others grow with different growth time butthe growth rate was not different (0.5 to 2.0 g/day).Key words: mushroom seed, mushroom production, edible mushroom, wood sawdust mushroom media, mushroomgrowth rate

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