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Wang, Jianqin
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Differences between Bilinguals and Monolinguals in False Memory Production? A Look into the DRM Paradigm Using Contextual Details Riesthuis, Paul; Otgaar, Henry; Wang, Jianqin
Psychological Research on Urban Society Vol. 2, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

This study compared false memory production in Spanish monolinguals and Spanish-Catalan bilinguals. We used an adjusted Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) false memory paradigm and presented the participants with eight Spanish DRM lists containing 12 words each, along with figures and colors to manipulate contextual details. Free recall results showed higher true recall levels in bilinguals than in monolinguals. However, we did not find notable false memory differences between the monolinguals and bilinguals. We found no differences in the amount of contextual details added in the true and false recall, indicating that levels of confidence in memories are similar in the two groups. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Consequences of False Memories in Eyewitness Testimony: A Review and Implications for Chinese Legal Practice Wang, Jianqin; Otgaar, Henry; Smeets, Tom; Howe, Mark L.; Merckelbach, Harald; Zhou, Chu
Psychological Research on Urban Society Vol. 1, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

False memories can result in severe legal consequences including the imprisonment of innocent people. False memory in eyewitnesses is the largest factor contributing to miscarriages of justice in the United States. To date, no study has focused on how false memories might play a role in the Chinese legal system. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest findings on false memory and eyewitness testimony in the literature, and to shed some light on how the Chinese legal system may incorporate these experiences into practice. Overall, false memories of eyewitnesses are generated either by external misleading information or by internal cognitive processes; false memories may guide police investigations in the wrong direction or cause eyewitnesses to misidentify an innocent person as the perpetrator. We conclude that specially designed interview protocols such as the Cognitive Interview, warnings given to eyewitnesses, and blind lineup administration may prevent or lower the risk of false memory occurrence.
Co-Authors Howe, Mark L. Merckelbach, Harald Otgaar, Henry Riesthuis, Paul Smeets, Tom Zhou, Chu