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All Journal AL-HAYAT: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology CELEBES Agricultural
Safitri, Mely
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Variations in Food Choices of Long-Tailed Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) in the Pulaki Temple Area, Gerokgak District, Buleleng Regency Syah, Moh Jafron; Yuliastuti, Yuliastuti; Safitri, Mely
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol 7, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v7i1.20674

Abstract

AbstractMacaca fascicularis, included in the Cercopithecidae family, have a significant ecological role, one of which is as a disperser of seeds from the fruits they consume. M. fascicularis is tolerant to different types of natural and non-natural food (human food waste and rubbish), so it is currently an omnivorous animal. It can be found not only in primary and secondary forests but also in habitats close to human activity. M. fascicularis in Bali can be found in sacred areas such as temples, one of which is in the Pulaki temple area. This research aimed to determine the variety of food choices of M. fascicularis in the Pulaki temple area. This research was conducted from June to October 2023. M. fascicularis in the Pulaki Temple area was divided into four groups: Madya, Medal, Pabean, and Parkiran. The daily activities of M. fascicularis observed in this study were sleeping, grooming, sexual activity, moving, eating, caring for children, playing, and agonistic (violent activity). Based on calculations, the consumption of non-natural foods had a higher frequency (87.18%) than natural foods (12.78%). During the research, M. fascicularis in the Pura Pulaki area had the highest preference for Gemitir flowers (n=2299). Gemitir flowers are one of the offerings fillings by Hindus who perform prayers. The high consumption of non-natural food by M. fascicularis in this area was due to several factors, namely, the lack of natural food sources and the low level of human awareness for not providing non-natural food, thus changing the animals' natural behavior. This behavior change could alter the role of animals in the ecological niche, thereby reducing the balance of the ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the natural behavior of animals by increasing natural food sources and creating clear rules regarding the prohibition of feeding animals to visitors. 
Variations in Food Choices of Long-Tailed Monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) in the Pulaki Temple Area, Gerokgak District, Buleleng Regency Syah, Moh Jafron; Yuliastuti, Yuliastuti; Safitri, Mely
Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ah.v7i1.20674

Abstract

Abstract Macaca fascicularis, included in the Cercopithecidae family, have a significant ecological role, one of which is as a disperser of seeds from the fruits they consume. M. fascicularis is tolerant to different types of natural and non-natural food (human food waste and rubbish), so it is currently an omnivorous animal. It can be found not only in primary and secondary forests but also in habitats close to human activity. M. fascicularis in Bali can be found in sacred areas such as temples, one of which is in the Pulaki temple area. This research aimed to determine the variety of food choices of M. fascicularis in the Pulaki temple area. This research was conducted from June to October 2023. M. fascicularis in the Pulaki Temple area was divided into four groups: Madya, Medal, Pabean, and Parkiran. The daily activities of M. fascicularis observed in this study were sleeping, grooming, sexual activity, moving, eating, caring for children, playing, and agonistic (violent activity). Based on calculations, the consumption situs big77 of non-natural foods had a higher frequency (87.18%) than natural foods (12.78%). During the research, M. fascicularis in the Pura Pulaki area had the highest preference for Gemitir flowers (n=2299). Gemitir flowers are one of the offerings fillings by Hindus who perform prayers. The high consumption of non-natural food by M. fascicularis in this area was due to several factors, namely, the lack of natural food sources and the low level of human awareness for not providing non-natural food, thus changing the animals' natural behavior. This behavior change could alter the role of animals in the ecological niche, thereby reducing the balance of the ecosystem. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the natural behavior of animals by increasing natural food sources and creating clear rules regarding the prohibition of feeding animals to visitors.  
Social Hierarchy of Adult Male Long-tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in the Madya Area of Pura Agung Pulaki, Bali Safitri, Mely; Swasta, Ida Bagus Jelantik; Syah, Moh Jafron
CELEBES Agricultural Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): CELEBES Agricultural
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Tompotika Luwuk University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52045/jca.v5i2.953

Abstract

Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) live in groups with a social structure consisting of many males and females (multi-male and multi-female), and interactions between individuals such as social activities are strongly influenced by hierarchy. This study aimed to determine the social hierarchy structure of adult male long-tailed macaques (M. fascicularis) and their behavioral profiles in middle area groups in the Pura Agung Pulaki, Bali. Observations were conducted using focal animal sampling and ad libitum sampling methods. The hierarchical structure was observed using three methods, namely the sociometric matrix method, food distribution, and other analyses that support hierarchical determination (non-copulatory mounting, scrotal touching, and combing between males). The highest activities in the middle area group were browsing (17.2%) and moving (17.2%). The hierarchical structure in the middle area group is ordered from the most dominant individual as follows: Ra, Co, Ma, Ku, Cha, Fra, Ka, Ni, In, and Jo. The hierarchical structure in the middle area group is linear. The provision of food bait has been proven effective in determining the social hierarchy structure in long-tailed macaques (M. fascicularis). This study can be used as a basis for the conservation of long-tailed macaques (M. fascicularis) in the Pura Agung Pulaki area.
Co-Authors Casmudi, Casmudi Ida Bagus Jelantik Swasta Pratama, Ryan Angga Syah, Moh Jafron Yuliastuti Yuliastuti