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The Potential of Salvinia molesta as a Copper Phytoremediation Agent based on Gene Expression Analysis Astuti, Sutan Nur Chamida Tri; Solihah, Jumailatus; Aisah, Siti
Journal of Biotechnology and Natural Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): June
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/jbns.v3i1.9739

Abstract

This research explores the rapid environmental impact of the batik industry, particularly concerning batik waste pollution, especially from the heavy metal copper (Cu). Untreated batik waste can have adverse effects on the environment. The study highlights the potential of the water fern plant (Salvinia molesta) as a heavy metal phytoremediator, specifically for Cu, by activating phytochelatin synthase. The research aims to determine the most effective waste concentration for Cu absorption by water ferns, measure the reduction in Cu levels after phytoremediation treatment, evaluate post-phytoremediation water quality, and observe PCS gene expression in the roots and leaves of water ferns. A static method is employed with variations in waste concentrations. Data analysis utilizes one-way ANOVA for Cu level reduction and changes in water quality. The results indicate that the most effective wastewater concentration for absorbing heavy metal copper (Cu) using water fern (Salvinia molesta) is 2%. The highest reduction in heavy metal copper (Cu) concentration after phytoremediation treatment with water fern (Salvinia molesta) is 41.48%. Water quality post-phytoremediation treatment using water fern (Salvinia molesta) at all concentrations exhibits improvement with an increase in dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. The expression of the phytochelatin synthase (PCS) gene in the leaves and roots of water fern (Salvinia molesta) confirms the role of the PCS gene in binding heavy metal copper (Cu) to the plant's vacuole.
Glyphosate Tolerant Bacteria from Rhizosphere of Kangkong (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) and Soybean (Glycine max L.) Dina, Aslikh Lana; Solihah, Jumailatus; Khusnuryani, Arifah
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8504

Abstract

The use of organophosphate pesticides has some risks for human health and environment. One of the organophosphate pesticides is glyphosate. Various methods used to detoxify organophosphates including chemical methods, incineration, and landfills, produce acid and alkaline compounds, leaching pesticides around land and groundwater areas, as well as toxic emissions to the environment. The bacteria with this ability can be isolated from areas contaminated with glyphosate. Kangkong (Ipomoea reptans) and soybean (Glycine max) were chosen because of these plants are commonly found in rice fields which are areas that are frequent exposure to pesticide. The interaction between rhizosphere bacteria and plants as well as the composition of existing bacteria are closely related to the remediation occured. Kangkong and soybeans (2 weeks) were treated with glyphosate 377 mM. Soil pH was measured in third and seventh days after treat with glyphosate. The bacteria were isolated a week after treatment with glyphosate, and cultured in NA medium containing 5 mM and 10 mM glyphosate. The growing bacteria were selected and re-cultured in NA + glyphosate 10 mM medium. The selected isolates were tested for glyphosate degradation ability in Mineral Salt Media containing glyphosate 5 mM and glucose 50 mg/L. Eight isolates of bacteria grew in media containing glyphosate, i.e. Kd1, Kd2, Kd3, Kd4, Kd5 from soybeans rhizosphere, and K1, K3, K4 from spinach rhizosphere. The isolate Kd4 and K4 grew more abundantly compared the other isolates, exhibited good tolerant of glyphosate. From glyphosate degrading test, the isolate from soybean rhizosphere showed more tolerance than the isolate from kangkong rhizosphere. The molecular identification revealed that both isolates belong to species Bacillus mycoides.