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All Journal Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Science ANDREW Law Journal
Monica, Audrey
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology

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Enzymes Involving in Chocolate Processing Kiyat, Warsono El; Monica, Audrey; Qomariyah, Noor; Manurung, Brian Saputra
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 6, No 1 (2018): J. Food Pharm. Sci (January-April)
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (369.988 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/jfps

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest cocoa-producing countries in the world, but the productivity of Indonesian cocoa is relatively low compared to other cocoa-producing countries. Many cocoa beans are exported in raw form (raw cocoa beans) so they do not have high economic value. In addition, cocoa beans also can not be consumed directly and must be processed first. The processing of cocoa beans includes curing stage, breaking the fruit, fermentation, soaking and washing, drying, sorting, and storage to producing cacao almonds. The fermenting process of cocoa beans involves the role of the polyphenol oxidase to produce flavor precursor compounds. Furthermore, to improve the quality of the resulting chocolate, protease and carboxypeptidase can be used in the processing of cacao almonds to enhance flavor precursor compounds forming to produce chocolate with stronger flavor characteristics. Processed chocolates can be developed into confectionery with a soft or liquid filler by utilizing invertase to obtain a solid filler during processing that may turn into liquid during storage. Keywords : cocoa, chocolate, enzyme, processing.
EKSPLOITASI ANAK SEBAGAI MANUSIA SILVER DI KOTA PEKANBARU Manihuruk, Tri Novita Sari; Monica, Audrey
ANDREW Law Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Desember 2025
Publisher : ANDREW Law Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61876/alj.v4i2.136

Abstract

UUD 1945 menjamin Hak Asasi Manusia. Larangan terhadap semua jenis eksploitasi ekonomi terhadap anak diatur dalam Pasal 76I UU No.35 Tahun 2014. Dalam praktiknya, banyak ditemukan anak yang dipekerjakan sebagai manusia silver di Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab anak dipekerjakan sebagai manusia silver. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum sosiologis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspolitasi anak sebagai manusia silver pada titik lampu merah di Jalan Jalan Soekarno-Hatta dilakukan oleh orang tuanya sendiri dengan alasan karena faktor ekonomi, kurangnya pemahaman orang tua, dan juga lemahnya pengawasan dari Pemerintah Pekanbaru, khususnya Dinas Perlindungan Anak, Dinas Tenaga Kerja, dan Dinas Sosial
Co-Authors Kiyat, Warsono El Manihuruk, Tri Novita Sari Manurung, Brian Saputra Qomariyah, Noor