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Effect of Power and Time in Pectin Production from Cocoa Pod Husk Using Microwave-Assisted Extraction Technique Sarah, Maya; Hisham, Hisham; Rizki, Mushila; Erwinda, Ricka
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.125-130

Investigation on microwave technique to extract pectin from cocoa pod husk in this study carries out using citric acid and hydrochloric acid (HCl). Extraction proceeds at various microwave powers (180, 300, 450, 600 Watt) and irradiation periods (10, 15, 20, 25, 30 minutes). This study observed effect of power and time to yield and quality of pectin.Â Yield of pectin increased at elevated power and time either with citric acid or HCl solvent. Overall pectin quality in this study meet the IPPA quality factor exclude water content which relatively higher. MAE treatment with citric acid using microwave power of 300 Watt for 30 minutes resulted yield of 42% and high pectin quality as compare to MAE treatment with HCl. The best pectin product in this study has moisture content of 8%, ash content of 10%, equivalent weight of 714.29 mg, methoxyl content of 4.8% and galacturonate level of 43%. Â©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

Analisis Produksi Biogas Terhadap Penambahan Kulit Singkong pada Variasi Campuran Limbah Cair Domestk dan Aquadest Simare mare, Eva Malini; Sarah, Maya; Husin, Amir
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i2.4997

Domestic waste and agricultural food waste in the form of cassava peels have the potential as a source of raw material for making biogas. This research uses domestic waste from Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Cemara of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirtanadi, Sumatera Utara Province. The ratio of domestic waste inoculum from WWTP Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water in this study was 100:0, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 (v/v). Then, for each variation of the ratio, 3 kg of ground cassava peel was added. This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced by measuring the pressure in a pipe connected to a bioreactor. The process of making biogas uses anaerobic fermentation with a batch system. The parameter tested in this study is the measurement of the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value, Volatile Solid (VS) value, pH value, and total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value. From the results of the research conducted, it was found that the variation in the ratio of 100:0 found biogas at a pressure of 205.8 Pa with TSS value of 1348 mg/L, VS value of 410 mg/L, pH value of 7.66 and COD value of 1088 mg/L.

Parameter Biokinetika dari Degradasi Limbah Kol dan Tomat Menggunakan Sistem Bioreaktor Anaerobik Sarah, Maya; Misran, Erni; Maulina, Seri; Pertiwi, Ika; Ritman, Nahlionny; Hasibuan, Isti Madinah; Parulian, Ihut
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v10i2.5642

The world's energy supply is very dependent on non-renewable energy in the form of fossil fuels. This causes fossil fuels depletion and the need for alternative energy sources such as biogas. Biogas is produced from the fermentation process of organic matter with the help of anaerobic bacteria in free oxygen absence. This study aims to produce biogas from cabbage and tomato waste separately. Biogas production was carried out by varying feed concentrations of 100 g/L, 200 g/L, and 300 g/L for cabbage waste and 81.6 g/L; 215 g/L; and 237 g/L for tomato waste. This study consisted of 10 days seeding and acclimatization process, followed by a start-up stage using insulated anaerobic bioreactors. The largest methane from cabbage and tomato waste was 60% at a feed concentration of 200 g/L and 50% at a feed concentration of 237 g/L, respectively. The maximum growth rates (µm) for biogas from cabbage and tomato waste were 0.122 day-1 and 0.121 day-1, respectively.

Hidrolisis Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes) Menjadi Glukosa Menggunakan Rotating Microwave Reactor Sarah, Maya; Pratiwi, Ita; Hasibuan, Isti Madinah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i1.6760

Water hyacinth is lignocellulosic biomass that has the potential for glucose production because it contains 64.51% cellulose. Hydrolysis of water hyacinth was done in a rotating reactor with a microwave as a heat source. This study aims to obtain glucose by determining the hydrolysis reaction rate constant of power and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration function and to find the best conditions for this hydrolysis process. Several research variables were H2SO4 concentration (0.5 N; 1 N; and 1.5 N), microwave power (600 W and 800 W) and reaction time of 60 minutes. Parameters measured were hydrolyzate temperature, glucose, and cellulose content. The hydrolysis reaction rate constant obtained based on the Arrhenius equation was k =1.30 x 10-2 e-132.172/T and the relationship between H2SO4 concentration and microwave power was C = 0.001P. The best conditions were obtained using 1 N H2SO4 and microwave power of 600 W with final glucose content of 486 mg/L.

Studi Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Garam Dapur (NaCl) sebagai Larutan Elektrolit dan pH Bahan Baku dalam Pembuatan Biobaterai Kering Berbasis Limbah Kulit Pisang Kepok Sarah, Maya; Zelfi, Elfina Rahmania; Kuswara, Marisa Pancar; Hasibuan, Isti Madinah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.11622

Batteries are single-use energy. Battery waste disposed on the ground will produce waste that is difficult to decompose naturally. Batteries contain chemicals that are toxic to soil fertility, such as potassium and sodium. One way to utilize battery waste is to turn it into bio-batteries. This research aims to minimize the waste of batteries and kepok banana peels that are underutilized by making environmentally friendly bio-batteries. This study also determines the voltage, current, and power of kepok banana skin-based bio-batteries. The method used is to conduct biobattery trials using paste from kepok banana peels. The results showed that kepok banana peels could conduct electricity to be used as a paste for bio-battery. The most significant voltage generated is 1.38 volts, while the largest current generated is 0.95 A. This bio-battery can last an average of 3 days 8 hours or 92.5 hours.

Analisis Produksi Biogas Terhadap Penambahan Kulit Singkong pada Variasi Campuran Limbah Cair Domestk dan Aquadest Simare mare, Eva Malini; Sarah, Maya; Husin, Amir
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v11i2.4997

Domestic waste and agricultural food waste in the form of cassava peels have the potential as a source of raw material for making biogas. This research uses domestic waste from Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Cemara of Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Tirtanadi, Sumatera Utara Province. The ratio of domestic waste inoculum from WWTP Cemara PDAM Tirtanadi and water in this study was 100:0, 70:30, 60:40, and 50:50 (v/v). Then, for each variation of the ratio, 3 kg of ground cassava peel was added. This study aims to determine the amount of biogas produced by measuring the pressure in a pipe connected to a bioreactor. The process of making biogas uses anaerobic fermentation with a batch system. The parameter tested in this study is the measurement of the Total Suspended Solid (TSS) value, Volatile Solid (VS) value, pH value, and total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) value. From the results of the research conducted, it was found that the variation in the ratio of 100:0 found biogas at a pressure of 205.8 Pa with TSS value of 1348 mg/L, VS value of 410 mg/L, pH value of 7.66 and COD value of 1088 mg/L.

Parameter Biokinetika dari Degradasi Limbah Kol dan Tomat Menggunakan Sistem Bioreaktor Anaerobik Sarah, Maya; Misran, Erni; Maulina, Seri; Pertiwi, Ika; Ritman, Nahlionny; Hasibuan, Isti Madinah; Parulian, Ihut
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 10 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

The world's energy supply is very dependent on non-renewable energy in the form of fossil fuels. This causes fossil fuels depletion and the need for alternative energy sources such as biogas. Biogas is produced from the fermentation process of organic matter with the help of anaerobic bacteria in free oxygen absence. This study aims to produce biogas from cabbage and tomato waste separately. Biogas production was carried out by varying feed concentrations of 100 g/L, 200 g/L, and 300 g/L for cabbage waste and 81.6 g/L; 215 g/L; and 237 g/L for tomato waste. This study consisted of 10 days seeding and acclimatization process, followed by a start-up stage using insulated anaerobic bioreactors. The largest methane from cabbage and tomato waste was 60% at a feed concentration of 200 g/L and 50% at a feed concentration of 237 g/L, respectively. The maximum growth rates (µm) for biogas from cabbage and tomato waste were 0.122 day-1 and 0.121 day-1, respectively.

Hidrolisis Eceng Gondok (Eichhornia Crassipes) Menjadi Glukosa Menggunakan Rotating Microwave Reactor Sarah, Maya; Pratiwi, Ita; Hasibuan, Isti Madinah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 11 No. 1 (2022): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Water hyacinth is lignocellulosic biomass that has the potential for glucose production because it contains 64.51% cellulose. Hydrolysis of water hyacinth was done in a rotating reactor with a microwave as a heat source. This study aims to obtain glucose by determining the hydrolysis reaction rate constant of power and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration function and to find the best conditions for this hydrolysis process. Several research variables were H2SO4 concentration (0.5 N; 1 N; and 1.5 N), microwave power (600 W and 800 W) and reaction time of 60 minutes. Parameters measured were hydrolyzate temperature, glucose, and cellulose content. The hydrolysis reaction rate constant obtained based on the Arrhenius equation was k =1.30 x 10-2 e-132.172/T and the relationship between H2SO4 concentration and microwave power was C = 0.001P. The best conditions were obtained using 1 N H2SO4 and microwave power of 600 W with final glucose content of 486 mg/L.

Studi Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi Garam Dapur (NaCl) sebagai Larutan Elektrolit dan pH Bahan Baku dalam Pembuatan Biobaterai Kering Berbasis Limbah Kulit Pisang Kepok Sarah, Maya; Zelfi, Elfina Rahmania; Kuswara, Marisa Pancar; Hasibuan, Isti Madinah
Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU
Publisher : Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v13i1.11622

Batteries are single-use energy. Battery waste disposed on the ground will produce waste that is difficult to decompose naturally. Batteries contain chemicals that are toxic to soil fertility, such as potassium and sodium. One way to utilize battery waste is to turn it into bio-batteries. This research aims to minimize the waste of batteries and kepok banana peels that are underutilized by making environmentally friendly bio-batteries. This study also determines the voltage, current, and power of kepok banana skin-based bio-batteries. The method used is to conduct biobattery trials using paste from kepok banana peels. The results showed that kepok banana peels could conduct electricity to be used as a paste for bio-battery. The most significant voltage generated is 1.38 volts, while the largest current generated is 0.95 A. This bio-battery can last an average of 3 days 8 hours or 92.5 hours.

Risk and Income Analysis of Vaname Shrimp Cultivation Business (Litopenaeus vannamei) in Bantan District, Bengkalis Regency Sarah, Maya; Arief, Hazmi; Yanti, Chicka Willy
Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan Vol. 30 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Fakultas Perikanan dan Kelautan Universitas Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31258/jpk.30.2.261-267

This research was conducted in April 2025 in Bantan District, Bengkalis Regency. This study aimed to calculate the income of vaname shrimp farming and analyze the production and income risk of vaname shrimp farming. The survey method was used in this study. The risk measures used include variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and lower limit, while business income is analyzed using income analysis. The number of samples was 26 respondents, with the selection of census technique samples. The results showed that the respondents' average production of vaname shrimp was 660,558.85 kg/Ha, and the average income was IDR614,516,253 / ha. The coefficient of variation of the results of production risk analysis is 0.0887, with a lower limit of 20,896 kg/Ha. The coefficient of variation from the results of the income risk analysis is 0.1139 with a lower limit of IDR474,445,189/Ha. From the study results, the risk to the production and income of Vaname shrimp farming is relatively low

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