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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Journal of Agriculture (JoA) atech-i
Damanik, Annisa Purnamasari
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Engineering

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MODIFIKASI ALAT PENGUPAS SABUT KELAPA MEKANIS (Modification of Mechanical Coconut Fiber Peeler) Annisa Purnamasari Damanik; Achwil Putra Munir; Lukman Adlin Harahap
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 5, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (156.464 KB)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Coconut plant is a plant of life, because all its parts can be utilized to meet human needs. This study was aimed to determine the effective capacity of Mechanical Coconut Fiber Peeler and its modification using human anthropometry. This research was conducted in August until Oktober 2015 in the Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan, by literature study, testing equipment and parameters observation. Parameters measured were effective capacity and economic analisis. The results showed that the highest capacity after modification was 170,61 fruits/hour and the lowest capacity before modification was 145,45 fruits/hour. The highest main cost before modification in fifth year was Rp 166,652/fruit and the lowest main cost after modification in the first year was Rp 141,268/fruit. The highest BEP before modification in the fifth year was 6.366,248 fruits and the lowest after modification in the first year was 3.713,454 fruits. The highest NPV 7,5% after modification was Rp 256.177.017,22 and the lowest NPV 7,5% before modification was Rp 195.203.600,12. The highest IRR before modification was 55,06% and the lowerst IRR after modification was 48,61%. Key words: agricultural machinery, coconut fiber, peeler. ABSTRAK Tanaman kelapa merupakan tanaman kehidupan, karena keseluruhan bagiannya dapat dimanfaatkan manusia untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kapasitas efektif alat pengupas sabut kelapa mekanis dan memodifikasi alat pengupas sabut kelapa mekanis dengan analisis antropometri manusia. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2015 di Laboratorium Keteknikan Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan dengan cara studi literatur, pengujian alat dan pengamatan parameter. Parameter yang diamati adalah kapasitas efektif alat dan analisis ekonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas tertinggi pada alat setelah modifikasi yaitu 170,61 buah/jam dan kapasitas terendah terdapat pada alat sebelum modifikasi yaitu 145,45 buah/jam. Biaya pokok tertinggi pada alat sebelum modifikasi pada tahun kelima sebesar Rp 166,652/buah dan terendah pada alat setelah modifikasi pada tahun pertama sebesar Rp 141,268/buah. BEP tertinggi pada alat sebelum modifikasi pada tahun kelima sebesar 6.366,248 buah dan terendah pada alat setelah modifikasi pada tahun pertama sebesar 3.713,454 buah. NPV 7,5% tertinggi pada alat setelah modifikasi sebesar Rp 256.177.017,22 dan terendah pada alat sebelum modifikasi sebesar Rp 195.203.600,12. IRR tertinggi pada alat sebelum modifikasi sebesar 55,06% dan terendah pada alat setelah modifikasi sebesar 48,61%.   Kata Kunci: alat dan mesin pertanian, sabut kelapa, pengupas
Application of Microwave-Assisted Extraction Method to Improve Yield and Qualityof White Pepper (Piper Nigrum L) Oleoresin. Annisa Purnamasari Damanik; Edy Hartulistiyoso; Rokhani Hasbullah
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.010.1.21-28

Abstract

Oleoresin extraction is generally carried out by conventional maceration method, which takes up to 7 hours. Microwave-assisted maceration extraction method has the potential to reduce extraction time and solvent consumption. This study aims to examine the effect of applying the microwave-assisted extraction method on the yield and quality of oleoresin. The material used in this study was white pepper. Microwave maceration extraction as the main treatment was carried out by dissolving 200 grams of white pepper powder (60 mesh) with 800 mL ethanol (1:4), at a power of 100 watts, a maximum temperature of 50 oC, with 4 extraction times (30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes). Extraction by conventional maceration (7 hours) was performed as a comparison. The results of this study indicate that the microwave maceration extraction method produces a higher yield than the conventional maceration method. The average yield of microwave maceration extraction for 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes were 8.76 %, 8.32 %, 9.46 %, and 10.37 %, respectively, higher than conventional maceration (8.61 %). The quality of white pepper oleoresin extracted by microwave maceration is different from conventional maceration in terms of the type and amount of oleoresin components. It can be concluded that the microwave maceration extraction method is effective in increasing the yield and quality of white pepper oleoresin compared to conventional maceration.
PROTOTIPE ALAT PENGERING GAMBIR: PROTOTIPE ALAT PENGERING GAMBIR defrian, angga; Syafri, Edi; Melly, Sandra; Anas, Irwan; Rildiwan, Rildiwan; Zulfakri, Zulfakri; Damanik, Annisa P
Atech-i Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): Tahun 2024
Publisher : Green Engineering Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55043/atech-i.v2i1.27

Abstract

Gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb.) dikenal karena kandungan tanninnya, terutama katekin, yang memiliki berbagai manfaat di bidang farmasi, makanan, dan kosmetik. Proses pengeringan gambir sangat penting untuk mengurangi kadar air dan menjaga kualitas ekstraknya. Namun, pengeringan yang tidak tepat, seperti suhu yang terlalu tinggi, dapat merusak senyawa aktif, mengurangi efektivitas, dan memperpendek umur simpan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan prototipe alat pengering gambir yang efisien, mampu mempertahankan kualitas senyawa aktif, serta meningkatkan daya saing industri pengolahan gambir. Metodologi yang digunakan meliputi pengukuran suhu secara manual dan simulasi menggunakan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Alat yang dirancang memiliki dimensi P x L x T sebesar 37 cm x 33 cm x 36 cm. Waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai suhu 38°C adalah 1080 detik. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan error sebesar 0,04% pada posisi tempat wadah gambir (A) dan 4,9% pada bagian dekat pemanas (B).
Modification of Power Sprayer as a Pest Spraying Tool for Citrus Plants (Citrus sp.) Surya, Satria Adi; Mulianda, Pratiwi; Damanik, Annisa Purnamasari; Fitrada, Wathri; Rahmania, Syiffa
Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): Research Articles July 2025
Publisher : ITScience (Information Technology and Science)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/joa.v4i02.6784

Abstract

This study, titled “Modification of Power Sprayer into a Pest Spraying Tool for Citrus Plants (Citrus Sp),” was conducted in Gunuang Omeh Sub-district, Lima Puluh Kota Regency, from September to October 2024. The objective was to assess the efficiency of a power sprayer and the effectiveness of pest control on citrus plants. The research involved modifying the nozzle of the power sprayer and conducting field tests on a 20 x 20 meter plot. Observations included flow rate, insecticide output capacity, spray distribution, operator walking speed, theoretical field capacity, effective field capacity, spraying efficiency, wind speed, and operator power. In addition, the performance of the power sprayer was compared with that of a knapsack sprayer. Based on the results, the average flow rate was 0.008874 L/s; average droplet size from the power sprayer was 0.3611 mm; average operator walking speed was 0.0413 m/s; average theoretical field capacity was 0.076764 ha/h; average effective field capacity was 0.058789 ha/h; average wind speed was 1.22 km/h; and average operator power was 0.227 kW. The average spraying efficiency of the power sprayer and knapsack sprayer was 76.66% and 60.66%, respectively. These findings indicate that the power sprayer is more efficient than the knapsack sprayer, as it requires less time, less physical effort, and delivers a comparable spray output. Furthermore, the power required by the operator when using the power sprayer is lower than that of the knapsack sprayer.
Effect of Extraction Time on the Yield and Color Characteristics of White Pepper (Piper Nigrum L.) Oleoresin Damanik, Annisa Purnamasari; Surya, Satria Adi; Mulianda, Pratiwi
Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): Research Articles July 2025
Publisher : ITScience (Information Technology and Science)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/joa.v4i02.6793

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of extraction time on the yield and color characteristics of white pepper (Piper nigrum L.) oleoresin using the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method compared to conventional maceration. White pepper powder was extracted with 96% ethanol at four MAE durations (30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes) under a maximum controlled temperature of 50 °C, with maceration for 420 minutes as control. Results showed that MAE at 120 minutes produced the highest yield (10.370%), followed by 90 minutes (9.457%), 30 minutes (8.760%), and 60 minutes (8.323%). Conventional maceration yielded 8.610%, which was lower than MAE at 30 and 90 minutes, indicating higher efficiency of MAE even at shorter durations. Color analysis using CIELAB and RGB systems revealed that MAE at 90–120 minutes yielded brighter oleoresin (L > 56) compared to maceration (L = 53.33), while chromatic values (a and b) remained stable. Linear regression analysis showed a strong positive correlation between extraction time and yield (y = 0.1058x; R² = 0.8819), indicating that each additional minute increased yield by ~0.1058%. The findings suggest that MAE is a time-efficient method that enhances both yield and color quality of white pepper oleoresin, with optimal results obtained at 90–120 minutes.
Optimization of Drip Irrigation System to Improve Water Use Efficiency and Tomato Crop Productivity Mulianda, Pratiwi; Damanik, Annisa Purnamasari; Surya, Satria Adi
Journal of Agriculture Vol. 4 No. 02 (2025): Research Articles July 2025
Publisher : ITScience (Information Technology and Science)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47709/joa.v4i02.6810

Abstract

This literature review explores the optimization of drip irrigation systems to improve water use efficiency (WUE) and tomato crop productivity, particularly under dryland conditions. Four key studies were analyzed, focusing on hydraulic performance, integrated technologies, and agronomic outcomes. Sharu and Razak (2020) demonstrated that hydraulic modeling using EPANET achieved excellent water emission uniformity (CU and EU > 95%) with potential for energy savings through optimized pump power. Nurazila and Anggraini (2022) reported that drip irrigation significantly enhanced vegetative growth and WUE compared to manual irrigation. Suvitha et al. (2021) highlighted that drip fertigation with medium frequency and high NPK dosage maximized yield and WUE in sandy soils. Ramakrishna et al. (2024) found that combining drip irrigation with black plastic mulch resulted in the highest plant growth, fruit yield, and WUE by reducing evaporation. Collectively, the findings confirm that integrating supporting technologies—such as hydraulic modeling, fertigation, and mulching—can significantly enhance drip irrigation efficiency, conserve water, and improve tomato productivity, offering strong potential for adoption in water-limited agricultural regions.
Co-Authors Achwil Putra Munir Anas, Irwan Edy Hartulistiyoso Lukman Adlin Harahap Mulianda, Pratiwi Rahmania, Syiffa Rildiwan, Rildiwan Rokhani Hasbullah Sandra Melly Satria Adi Surya Sembiring, Rinawati Syafri, Edi Wathri Fitrada Zulfakri