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Attenuation of Neuronal Tissue Damage in Ischemic Stroke by Tat-NR2Bct-CTM and Tat-NR2B9c Benedictus, Benedictus; Tan, Kenneth; Pratama, Vincent Kurniawan Putra; Sulastyo, Jonathan Daniel
Magna Neurologica Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v1i2.647

Abstract

Background: Worldwide, stroke accounts for 15 million cases annually. Despite improved understanding of its pathophysiology, an effective treatment is yet to be available. Objective: This review aims to expound ischemic stroke pathophysiology from a bio-molecular perspective, and present two peptides, namely Tat-NR2B9c and Tat-NR2Bct-CTM, which has been proven to attenuate neuronal tissue damage in ischemic stroke. Methods: Scoping review of several electronic databases: PubMed, Medline, Researchgate, NCBI, SpringerLink, and Google scholar. Search query included: ischemic stroke, NR2B, DAPK1, nNOS, NOX, Tat-NR2Bct-CTM and Tat-NR2B9c. Results:  It is recognizable in a sense, that the pathophysiology pivots on the NR2B-DAPK1 and PSD-95-NR2B interactions. Tat-NR2Bct-CTM and Tat-NR2B9c thwarts NR2B-DAPK1 and PSD-95-NR2B interactions, respectively. These peptides show significant reliability, with the former capable of reducing free DAPK1 by 92,85%, and the latter, the first stroke treatment in two decades to reach Phase 3 clinical trials. Conclusion: These results strongly support Tat-NR2Bct-CTM and Tat-NR2B9c as effective means to reduce neuronal tissue damage in ischemic stroke.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY BETWEEN EDARAVONE AND RILUZOLE COMBINATION THERAPY FOR PATIENT WITH AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS Budianto, Pepi; Mirawati, Diah Kurnia; B, Benedictus; Tan, Kenneth; Hafizhan, Muhammad; Putra, Stefanus Erdana
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.011.01.13

Abstract

Background: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neuromuscular disease with a survival period of less than 5 years. Although the past decade has shown a major growth of interest in Edaravone research due to its superior efficacy, a growing number of research done on Riluzole combinations for ALS therapy. Objective: A systematic review is needed to compare the patient outcomes as shown in the ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS-R) of Edaravone and Riluzole combinations. Methods: This research is a systematic review from PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct. The studies included were randomized controlled trials (RCT) and post-hoc analysis of RCT published from 2012 to 2023. This research included 16 studies (11 RCT studies and 5 post-hoc studies of RCT). The studies discussed the patient population, side effects, and ALSFRS-R scores. Results: Edaravone showed better efficacy than Riluzole combination in maintaining ALSFRS-R score with mean difference between Edaravone (MD=2.19, 95% CI: 0.42-3.96, p=0.02) and Riluzole (MD=1.67, 95% CI: -0.19-3.52, p=0.08). The meta-analysis showed heterogeneity in both Edaravone (I2=90%, p<0.00001) and Riluzole (I2=77%, p=0.004) studies. Conclusion: The results conclusively showed that Edaravone was more efficacious than the explored Riluzole combinations so far. Nevertheless, Riluzole-Masitinib showed promising results to be further explored.
The Complexities of Green Purchase Behavior: An Investigation into Consumer Choices Cuandra, Fendy; Tan, Kenneth; Putra, Edy Yulianto; Lady; Susanto, Stefhani
JBTI : Jurnal Bisnis : Teori dan Implementasi Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jbti.v17i1.27491

Abstract

This study explores key techniques to encourage green purchasing behavior in Batam's food industry, which contributes significantly to pollution and resource utilization. It examines the influence of Green Purchase Attitude (GPA), Green Self-Efficacy (GSE), Subjective Norms (SN), and Environmental Knowledge (EK) on Green Purchase Intention (GPI) and Green Purchase Behavior (GPB). The results show that GPA does not significantly affect GPB, SN does not significantly impact GPI or GPB either directly or indirectly, and EK does not have a significant effect on GPB. The study addresses an inquiry about gap by centering on Batam consumers and contributes a novel approach by applying the Theory of Reasoned Action as the grand theory. It also recognizes GPI as a mediating variable in understanding green purchasing behavior.