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Low-energy extraction of lignocellulose nanofibers from fresh Musa basjoo pseudo-stem Mayasari, Erna; Fukugaichi, Satoru; Johan, Erni; Matsue, Naoto
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 8 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.8.2.2023.1211

Abstract

This study presents a novel approach for the extraction of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and lignocellulose nanofibers (LCNF) from Musa basjoo pseudo-stems, a relative of bananas, without the need for extensive drying. Instead, wet pseudo-stems were compressed and treated with NaOH solutions at varying temperatures and durations. The extracted material exhibited the characteristic peaks of cellulose I in X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, similar to those obtained from dried pseudo-stems. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed the presence of cellulose I in the treated material and lignocellulose nanofiber clearly shown at 1600-1500, 1421, 1365, and 1161 cm-1. Composition analysis by Van Soest fiber analysis revealed a higher cellulose content in the treated material of wet pseudo-stems compared to that obtained from dried pseudo-stems, indicating the effectiveness of this low-energy extraction method. Meanwhile, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images demonstrated clear LCNF in the nanometer scale fibers after NaOH treatment. Overall, this study successfully demonstrated the extraction of LCNF from wet pseudo-stems of Musa basjoo with NaOH treatment at 70°C for 3 hours with 80% extraction result, providing a more efficient and low-energy approach for utilizing waste from Musa basjoo and bananas.
Removal of heavy metals from motorcycle washing wastewater using a zeolite-embedded sheet Takarina, Noverita Dian; Ambarsari, Hanies; Pramudyawardhani, Sekar Arum; Rahmawati, Maria Fatima Niken Kris; Johan, Erni; Matsue, Naoto; Adidharma, Mohammad Afdhal
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 29, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The increased use of motorcycles for transportation has heightened environmental challenges related to their washing, particularly the discharge of untreated wastewater containing heavy metals, such as copper (Cu) and lead (Pb), into drainage systems. This study explored the effectiveness of zeolite-embedded sheets (ZESs) in the removal of these pollutants from motorcycle washing wastewater. ZESs were prepared through treatment of nonwoven sheets with Linder Type A (LTA Zeolite) powder and heat treatment, washing, and drying. Characterization was performed via scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Over a 60 min adsorption period, the ZES achieved removal efficiencies of 40% for Cu after 30 min and 70% for Pb after 60 min. The results confirm that ZESs are a promising adsorbent for heavy-metal remediation and particularly effective for lead removal in motorcycle washing wastewater.
Phosphate Adsorption Capacity of Allophane from Two Volcanic Mountains in Indonesia Airlangga, Tandaditya Ariefandra; Matsue, Naoto; Hanudin, Eko; Johan, Erni
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 25 No. 1: January 2020
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2020.v25i1.39-46

Abstract

Allophane is known as clay mineral with high capacity of phosphate adsorption via ligand-exchange mechanism. This study aims to compare the phosphate adsorption characteristics by allophane from Mt. Merapi and Mt. Lawu in relation to its chemical and mineralogical properties. The results  of X-Ray Flourescence analysis shows that both allophane samples from Merapi and Lawu have low Si/Al ratio, i.e. 1.18 and 1.16, respectively. Infrared spectral characteristics of the allophane materials indicated that the main adsorption bands appeared at the range of 2700-3700 cm-1 (due to stretching vibration of all hydroxyl (OH) groups), 1400 – 1800 cm-1 (vibration of HOH deformation), and 650 - 1200 cm-1 (vibration between the Si-O-Al). Adsorption experiment of phosphate on allophane samples were conducted at initial adsorbate concentration of up to 2.0 mM and at pH 4.0 and 8.0. Phosphate adsorption capacity of allophane shows that both allophane from Merapi and Lawu are categorized as very high in adsorbing phosphate and fit well with the Langmuir adsorption equation. Phosphate adsorption increases with decreasing pH due to the positive charge sites such as Al-OH2+ in the allophane structure increase. Another reason is the negative charge of phosphate gradually decreases from -2 to -1 with decreasing pH, and the repulsive force between the negatively charged Si-O- in the allophane structure and phosphate anions decreases.