Rahmania, Fitriani Jati
Padjadjaran University

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Formulation of Antioxidant Emulgel containing Beluntas China (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC) Fitriani Jati Rahmania; Marline Abdassah; Muhaimin Muhaimin; Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutics Vol 2, Issue 1, Jan - April 2020
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/idjp.v2i1.26106

Abstract

Skin constantly exposed by the environmental stresses, such as pollutants, solar radiation, heat, and cold, which cause the free radicals that cause premature aging. This bad effects of free radicals can be reduced by natural antioxidants such as Beluntas china (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC) extract. The antioxidants use of beluntas china extract for skin will be more optimal if it is applied by appropriate form, emulgel, which has stronger consistency and longer contact time than gel. The aim of this research was to formulate an antioxidant emulgel from beluntas china extract, which is effective, stable, and safe with the best gelling agent. The extract was formulated by variety types of gelling agents which were carrageenan, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and carbomer 934. Then, the physical stability was evaluated, including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and freeze thaw. The results showed that formulation of carbomer 934 1% 2xIC50 extract concentration give the best physical stability evaluation for 60 days storage time.Keywords: antioxidant, beluntas china extract, emulgel, free radicals, skin
The Total Alkaloid Content, Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity, and Anti-Acne Properties of Toona sureni (Blume) Merr. Leaves Extracts at Varying Tree Ages Falah, Syamsul; Safithri, Mega; Zuraida, Zuraida; Lastini, Tien; Ariyanti, Riska; Marwanto, Yoga Dwi; Rahmania, Fitriani Jati
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 26, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijc.104676

Abstract

Toona sureni (Blume) Merr., known as Indonesian mahogany, is valued for its wood, while its leaves are used as vegetables and animal feed. However, its medicinal potential remains underexplored. This study evaluated the antibacterial and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of T. sureni leaf extracts from 16-, 27-, and 34-year-old trees. Extraction was performed by maceration using methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane for antibacterial testing; and 30, 70, and 96% ethanol for tyrosinase inhibition. Total alkaloid content was determined using the bromocresol green method, while antibacterial activity was assessed by disc diffusion and MIC, and tyrosinase inhibition by spectrophotometry using kojic acid as a control. It revealed a 3.83% alkaloid content in the 70% ethanolic leaves extract of the 34-year-old tree. The 96% ethanolic extract from 16-year-old leaves exhibited the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity at 86.66% with an IC50 value of 53.71±1.04 μg/mL. Antibacterial tests revealed that the methanol extract of 16-year-old trees inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (17.73 mm) and Propionibacterium acnes (15.80 mm) at 10,000 μg/mL, with MIC of 1000 and 500 μg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that the extract of 16-year-old tree has both antibacterial and tyrosinase inhibitory effects, with greater potential for cosmetic use, particularly in anti-acne and skin-brightening products.