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DETEKSI ENZIM CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE (CDH) DARI FUNGI TRAMETES VERSICOLOR Desriani, Desriani; Falah, Syamsul; Bintang, Maria; Kusumawati, Dwi Endah; Amrinola, Wiwit; Hasanah, Neneng
Prosiding Seminar Biologi Vol 10, No 2 (2013): Seminar Nasional X Pendidikan Biologi
Publisher : Prodi Pendidikan Biologi FKIP UNS

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Trametes versicolor merupakan salah satu fungi pendegradasi kayu dari golongan white rot fungi yang memiliki kemampuan dalam menghasilkan enzim ekstraseluler, yaitu cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH). Enzim CDH memiliki dua domain, yaitu domain flavin dan domain heme yang dihubungkan oleh 25 asam amino yang kaya akan serin dan treonin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeteksi CDH yang dihasilkan oleh T. versicolor baik secara kualitatif maupun kuantitatif. Deteksi CDH dilakukan melalui empat tahap, yaitu: uji kualitatif enzim ekstraseluler, produksi CDH pada media cair, pengukuran aktivitas CDH menggunakan DCIP sebagai akseptor elektron dan selobiosa sebagai substrat, serta analisis bobot molekul CDH dengan elektroforesis SDS-Page. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terbentuknya zona bening disekitar fungi setelah perlakuan congo red dan NaCl yang mengindikasikan bahwa T. versicolor menghasilkan enzim ekstraseluler. Produksi CDH dilakukan dengan menumbuhkan fungi di media YPD dan media minimal guna menginduksi produksi CDH. Pengukuran aktivitas enzim CDH belum berhasil dilakukan dan berdasarkan hasil SDS-PAGE, sebagian besar enzim CDH dari T. versicolor dihasilkan dalam bentuk domain flavin. Kata kunci : Cellobiose dehydrogenase, SDS-Page, Trametes versicolor

ISOLASI OLIGOSAKARIDA MADU LOKAL DAN ANALISIS AKTIVITAS PREBIOTIKNYA Umul Karimah; Yogi Nur Anggowo; Syamsul Falah; Suryani Suryani
Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2011)
Publisher : Food and Nutrition Society of Indonesia

The objective of this study was to isolate oligosaccharides from local honey of Pulau Sumbawa and province of Kalimantan Timur and to analyze its prebiotic activity in vitro. Oligosaccharides were isolated with activated charcoal adsorption and ethanol treatment. Effectiveness of this method was evaluated by Thin Layer Chromatography and colorimetry. The isolates were then being a sample to prebiotic examination. Honey from Sumbawa forest has higher oligosaccharides content than honey from Kalimantan. Qualitative and quantitative assays showed that oligosaccharide isolation method was effective to concentrate the oligosaccharide with high degree of polymerization but ineffective for mono- and disaccharides removal. The highest percentages of hydrolysis of oligosaccharide from Sumbawa and Kalimantan by mimic gastric juice were 1.78% and 0.59 %. Whereas, the hydrolysis was higher with amylase, 11.87% for Sumbawa and 21.03% for Kalimantan honey oligosaccharides. Prebiotic activity was 0.32, and 0.09 for honey oligosaccharide from Sumbawa and Kalimantan respectively. Honey oligosaccharide from Sumbawa presented higher prebiotic activity than inulin as prebiotic reference (0.11). GC-MS chromatogram showed L. acidophilus cultured in media added with Sumbawa honey oligosaccharide produced lactic acid as the highest metabolite (48.01%).

Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mahogany Bark Extract-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Syamsul Falah; Sulistiyani Sulistiyani; Dimas Andrianto
Wood Research Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2012.3.2.94-99

Nanoparticles-based drug delivery has been recognized to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, prolong the half-life of drug systematic circulation by reducing immunogenicity, and releases drugs at a sustain rate. The present study reports on the characterization of mahogany bark extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity. Mahogany bark meal was extracted in boiled water for four hours. Chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanospheres were sonicated with ultrasonicator to obtain chitosan-STTP nanocapsules for 30 and 60 min and then were dried with spray dryer. The chitosan-STPP nanocapsules loaded by mahogany extract were then analysed for surface morphology and physical state by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using free radical method. Based on SEM data, the nanoparticle shapes were viewed to adhere to spherical shape. Spherical chitosan-STTP nanoparticles loaded with mahogany bark extract were obtained in the size range of 480 ~ 2000 nm and 240 ~ 1000 nm for 30 and 60 min of ultrasonication time, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was lower than that of the native mahogany bark extract.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) Bark Extracts in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats Syamsul Falah; Mega Safithri; Takeshi Katayama; Toshisada Suzuki
Wood Research Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2010): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2010.1.2.89-94

In this study, in vivo hypoglycemic activity of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) bark extracts was evaluated against alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The hypoglycemic effect was compared to that of standard glibenclamide. Oral administration of hot water and methanol extracts at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight for thirteen days of daily treatment to diabetic rats was found to possess significant dose dependant hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats. It less active than that of glibenclamide at dose of 3.22 mg/kg. However, the hot water extract showed significant hypoglycemic activity compared to that standard drug. Phytochemical analysis of hot water and methanol extracts has shown posistive test for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, dan terpenoids. Histopathological studies of pancreas revealed its significant effect of β-cell count. Therefore, the hot water extract could serve as good adjuvant to other oral hypoglycemic agents and seems to be promising for the development of phytomedicines for diabetes mellitus.

Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Mahogany Bark Extract-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles Syamsul Falah; Sulistiyani Sulistiyani; Dimas Andrianto
Wood Research Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2012.3.2.94-99

Nanoparticles-based drug delivery has been recognized to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs, prolong the half-life of drug systematic circulation by reducing immunogenicity, and releases drugs at a sustain rate. The present study reports on the characterization of mahogany bark extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles and their antioxidant activity. Mahogany bark meal was extracted in boiled water for four hours. Chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) nanospheres were sonicated with ultrasonicator to obtain chitosan-STTP nanocapsules for 30 and 60 min and then were dried with spray dryer. The chitosan-STPP nanocapsules loaded by mahogany extract were then analysed for surface morphology and physical state by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated by scavenging the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) using free radical method. Based on SEM data, the nanoparticle shapes were viewed to adhere to spherical shape. Spherical chitosan-STTP nanoparticles loaded with mahogany bark extract were obtained in the size range of 480 ~ 2000 nm and 240 ~ 1000 nm for 30 and 60 min of ultrasonication time, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was lower than that of the native mahogany bark extract.

Hypoglycemic Effect of Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) Bark Extracts in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats Syamsul Falah; Mega Safithri; Takeshi Katayama; Toshisada Suzuki
Wood Research Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2010): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2010.1.2.89-94

In this study, in vivo hypoglycemic activity of mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) bark extracts was evaluated against alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The hypoglycemic effect was compared to that of standard glibenclamide. Oral administration of hot water and methanol extracts at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight for thirteen days of daily treatment to diabetic rats was found to possess significant dose dependant hypoglycemic effect in diabetic rats. It less active than that of glibenclamide at dose of 3.22 mg/kg. However, the hot water extract showed significant hypoglycemic activity compared to that standard drug. Phytochemical analysis of hot water and methanol extracts has shown posistive test for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, dan terpenoids. Histopathological studies of pancreas revealed its significant effect of β-cell count. Therefore, the hot water extract could serve as good adjuvant to other oral hypoglycemic agents and seems to be promising for the development of phytomedicines for diabetes mellitus.

Determining Phytocomponent of Vetiver Grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides) Under Drought Stress Ani Sulistiyani; Syamsul Falah; Triadiati Triadiati
Biogenesis: Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 8 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Sci and Tech, Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/bio.v8i1.11686

Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides, Poaceae) is the leading commodity in Garut Regency, Indonesia, the second-largest producer in the world of vetiver oils. The content of vetiver oils is strongly influenced by the environment, for example, drought stress. Drought stress causes plants to adapt by producing secondary metabolites such as essential oils. This experiment aimed to analyze growth, phytocomponents and obtaining the best quality of vetiver grass accessions under drought stress. The results showed that root and shoot dry biomass were significantly affected by the interaction between drought stress duration and vetiver grass accession. The root dry biomass of Kamojang accession decreased by 25.4%, while Cilawu increased by 5% for 4 days of drought stress. The root length and shoot length were not significantly affected by the treatment. The highest root/shoot length ratio was Verina, and the lowest one was Cisarua. The highest increase in proline occurred in Cilawu accession (85.7%), while the lowest was Verina (6.67%). Essential root oils contain 53 types of phytocomponents, dominated by sesquiterpenes, being khusimol, the highest type. The Cilawu is the best accession based on growth and content rendement.

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Temulawak Nanocurcuminoid Coated with Palmitic Acid in The Sprague Dawley Rat Rini Novita; Laksmi Ambarsari; Syamsul Falah; Popi Asri Kurniatin; Waras Nurcholis; Latifah K Darusman
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Temulawak or Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, is usually used as traditional medicine (herbal medicine) that has antioxidant, anticancer, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and gastroprotective properties. The main components contained in temulawak responsible for its efficacy as a medicine are xantorhizol and curcuminoid. Curcuminoid has drawbacks, which are difficult to absorb and very quickly metabolized by the body, so that limit its bioavailability. The use of solid lipid nanoparticle carrier system (SLN) in form of palmitic acid, is known to improve the bioavailability of curcuminoid. This study aims to find the effective dose of nanocurcuminoid coated with palmitic acid that can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent. The methods used in this study, include the production of nanocurcuminoid with homogenization and ultrasonication methods, determination of particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency and anti-inflammatory activity test through rat feet edema. Nanocurcuminoid obtained in this study was 561.53 nm in size, with polydispersity index 0.309 and concentrations of curcuminoid absorbed and entrapment efficiency were 0.61±0.031 mg/mL, 58.93±3.021%, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity of nanocurcuminoid through treated Sprague Dawley rats, showed that there were no significant difference compared with the positive control, curcuminoid extracts and empty nanoparticle. These results indicate that nanocurcuminoid with 175, 200 and 250 mg/kg.bw in doses, has greater anti-inflammatory activity (31.70%) compared to the other treatments.

Kandungan Fitokimia, Total Fenol, dan Total Flavonoid Ekstrak Buah Harendong (Melastoma affine D. Don) Novilia Eka Syafitri; Maria Bintang; Syamsul Falah
Current Biochemistry Vol. 1 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : IPB University

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Melastoma affine plant has effect on health such as curing wound and toothache, also as an antimalarial drug. The fruit of this plant is purple and probably contain secondary metabolite compounds such as phenols and flavonoids. The total amount of both compounds may be different in unripe and ripe fruit. The aims of this research were to analyze secondary metabolite compounds and determine total phenol and total flavonoid of Melastoma affine fruit extract. The samples used in this study were unripe and ripe Melastoma affine fruits. Both of samples were extracted by three different solvents (water, 70% ethanol, and 96% ethanol) and obtained 6 extracts. Based on phytochemical test, each extract from unripe and ripe Melastoma affine fruit contained alkaloid, triterpenoid, flavonoid, phenol, and tanin. The extract with highest total phenols was 70% ethanolic extract from unripe fruit (189.56 mg/g GAE), while the extract with highest total flavonoids was 96% ethanolic extract from unripe fruit (225.50 mg/g CE). Based on this result, we conclude that unripe fruit of Melastoma affine has more total phenols and total flavonoids than ripe fruit.

The In Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of Water Leaf Extract of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ekajayanti Kining; Syamsul Falah; Novik Nurhidayat
Current Biochemistry Vol. 2 No. 3 (2015)
Publisher : IPB University

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of opportunistic pathogen forming bacterial biofilm. The biofilm sustains the bacterial survival and infections. This study aimed to assess the activity of water extract of papaya leaves on inhibition of cells attachment, growth and degradation of the biofilm using crystal violet (CV) biofilm assay. Research results showed that water extract of papaya leaves contains alkaloids, tanins, flavonoids, and steroids/terpenoids and showed antibacterial activity and antibiofilm against P. aeruginosa. Addition of extract can inhibit the cell attachment and was able to degrade the biofilm of 40.92% and 48.058% respectively at optimum conditions: extract concentration of 25% (v/v), temperature 37.5 °C and contact time 45 minutes. With a concentration of 25% (v/v), temperature of 50 °C and the contact time of 3 days, extract of papaya leaves can inhibit the growth of biofilms of 39.837% v/v.

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