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Krisis Politik Myanmar : Masa Depan Demokrasi Pasca Kudeta Militer dan Peran Indonesia Muhamad Adian Firnas; Kiky Rizky
Intermestic: Journal of International Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Departemen Hubungan Internasional, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/intermestic.v7n2.10

Abstract

The coup that was carried out by military leader General Min Aung Hlaing shocked the international community. This coup was not only a failure of the democratic life that had been developing in the country since 2010, this coup will return Myanmar to the authoritarianism that has been in the country for almost 50 years. This article aims to examine the future of democracy in Myanmar and what Indonesia can do to support democratization in this country.. The method used is descriptive method with secondary data sources This article finds that the continuation of democracy in this country will be difficult based on internal conditions. The military solidity in supporting the coup and the tendency of the junta leader to extend martial law on the grounds of instability and weakening pro-democracy forces with a repressive approach shows that the military still wants to maintain its powers as it did in the past. That opportunity exists precisely from outside the country, namely pressure and involvement from the international community, including Indonesia. The political crisis that has widened into a humanitarian crisis must be used as an entry point for Indonesia to open a dialogue with the military junta. Indonesia's position as chair of ASEAN is a test for Indonesia to bring progress in resolving the political crisis in Myanmar Keywords: Democracy, Military Coup, Humanitarian Intervention
IMPLEMENTASI GOOD GOVERNANCE MELALUI REFORMASI SISTEM KEPEGAWAIAN Muhamad Adian Firnas
Jurnal Manajemen Kepegawaian Vol 1 No 2 November (2007): Jurnal Kebijakan dan Manajemen PNS
Publisher : Badan Kepegawaian Negara | The National Civil Service Agency

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Abstract

In the 1980s, China began to implement a civil service to establish a market-oriented economy and foster reform of the politico-administrative system. The Modern civil service system in China began by contructing a legal framework and drafting general regulation to stipulate and enforce conditions about personnel and administrative system. More than eight years have passed since China officially instituted the civil service system on October 1, 1993. Design to promote socialism in China, the civil service is also intended to act in the broader interests of social advancement. On the one hand, the modern civil service in China has been hampered by the need to reform the traditional cadre system; on the other, the development of market-oriented economy has created conditions advantageous to its development. As it continues to develop and improve, the new admininistrative-personnel management system has demonstrated its advantages over the previous system both in theory and in practice.
EVALUASI REFORMASI BIROKRASI Muhamad Adian Firnas
Jurnal Manajemen Kepegawaian Vol 5 No 2 November (2011): Jurnal Kebijakan dan Manajemen PNS
Publisher : Badan Kepegawaian Negara | The National Civil Service Agency

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Abstract

Artikel ini akan menjelaskan evaluasi reformasi birokrasi di Indonesia, terutama mengenai bagaimana birokrasi pemerintah yang terpisah dari kepentingan politik. Jatuhnya rezim orde baru menunjukkan seberapa baik proses penyebaran demokrasi ke seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Masyarakat sipil mencoba untuk menciptakan dan merekonstruksi sistem politik berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi, termasuk bagaimana membuat birokrasi yang independen. Kenyataannya, di era reformasi banyak ditemukan kasus kooptasi politik dalam sistem birokrasi. Birokrasi di Indonesia sangat kental dengan politisasi, bentuknya-pun bermacam-macam, seperti misalnya penggunaan fasilitas umum untuk kegiatan partai politik, mobilisasi politik dalam pemilihan umum, promosi berdasarkan kepentingan promosi untuk rekrutmen pejabat publik, dan pencopotan jabatan karir petugas lembaga pemerintah yang sangat kental dengan nuansa politik. Kata Kunci: birokrasi yang dipolitisasi, PNS, reformasi birokrasi
UNICEF Efforts to End Child Marriage in Nigeria 2020-2022 Margie, Alycia; Sugara, Robi; Firnas, Muhamad Adian
International Journal of Multi Discipline Science (IJ-MDS) Vol 7, No 2 (2024): Volume 7 Number 2 August 2024
Publisher : STKIP Singkawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26737/ij-mds.v7i2.5519

Abstract

This study described the efforts made by UNICEF in addressing child marriage in Nigeria in 2020-2022. Nigeria is the fourth country with the most child marriages in West Africa in 2022. This study was written descriptively. The source of data used as material for analysis was taken from 2020-2022 and came from literature reviews in the form of reports official UNICEF documents and journal articles. The method used in this study was a qualitative method that was descriptive and analytical. The results of this study indicated that UNICEF's efforts to address child marriage in Nigeria had not fully addressed the practice of child marriage in Nigeria due to various factors and challenges such as traditions and culture in Nigeria and the time required to resolve the problem are not a few that hinder efforts being made.
RELASI BIROKRASI DAN POLITIK : PERSOALAN NETRALITAS BIROKRASI DALAM PILKADA DEPOK AWAL REFORMASI Muhamad Adian Firnas; Kiky Rizky; Indah Wahyu Maesarini
Jurnal EL-RIYASAH Vol 15, No 1 (2024): Juni 2024
Publisher : Sultan Syarif Kasim State Islamic University, Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/jel.v15i1.29113

Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan persoalan netralitas birokrasi pada awal reformasi pada pemilihan kepala daerah di Kota Depok tahun 2005-2010. Sebagian aparat birokrasi tidak bersikap profesional dan terkontaminasi dengan politik praktis dengan mendukung calon kepala daerah tertentu. Untuk menjelaskan fenomena tersebut, artikel ini menggunakan teori patron client dari beberapa ahli. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan wawancara mendalam untuk mendapatkan data secara langsung dari responden terpilih yang dianggap mengetahui masalah penelitian. Data sekunder juga digunakan sebagai sumber informasi penelitian.Riset ini menemukan bahwa persoalan penting yang menyebabkan sebagian birokrasi belum bisa melepaskan dirinya dari politik praktis dan bersikap profesional sesuai tuntutan undang-undang kepegawaian adalah masih tumbuhnya kultur birokrasi patrimonial. Posisi kepala daerah yang merupakan pejabat pembina kepegawaian menjadi pemicu kooptasi birokrasi dalam politik praktis. Hubungan saling menguntungkan antara keduanya   yang kemudian membentuk hubungan yang bersifat transaksional menjadi penghambat hadirnya birokrasi profesional. 
Kegagalan Kemerdekaan New Caledonia Dari Prancis: Studi Kasus Perjuangan Suku Kanak Akbar, Ridwan Azhari; Firnas, Muhamad Adian; Fitriyanti, Rahmi
Kajian Hubungan Internasional Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Social and Political Sciences - Universitas Wahid Hasyim

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Abstract

This study analyzes the causes of the Kanak people's failed struggle in the New Caledonia independence referendum in 2018, 2020, and 2021. The Kanak people are an indigenous people who inhabited New Caledonia before the arrival of the French in 1853. The Kanak people have fought for their independence through referendums stipulated in the 1998 Noumea Agreement. This agreement provides for three referendums, but all referendums failed to make New Caledonia independent. Thus, the third referendum in 2021 marks the end of the Kanak people's struggle for independence, they are legally integrated into the French Republic as a final decision. This study uses the conceptual framework of "referendum" to determine the fate of independence, and "integration" as a colonial strategy aimed at maintaining control over its colonies. The research method used is qualitative which is descriptive analytical, an inductive approach, using primary and secondary sources, and library research data collection techniques. This study found that the causes of the referendum failure were a combination of political strategies, demographic imbalances between the Kanak people and immigrants, and a voting system that did not benefit the Kanak people. The dynamics of voting rights are also very significant in providing advantages for immigrants who can vote in a referendum that should be a referendum on the fate of the Kanak tribe. This study highlights that the referendum, which should be a democratic instrument, is used as a political tool to maintain decolonization in a modern form that is actually aimed at maintaining the colonial power. In the case of New Caledonia, the referendum has become a means to integrate the region into the French Republic, and sacrifice the right to self-determination of independence which should be the main focus of the decolonization process in the Non-Self Governing Territories (NSGT). Keywords: Referendum, Kanak tribe, New Caledonia ABSTRAK Penelitian ini menganalisis penyebab perjuangan suku Kanak yang gagal dalam referendum kemerdekaan New Caledonia pada 2018, 2020, dan 2021. Suku Kanak adalah suku asli yang menghuni New Caledonia sebelum kedatangan Prancis pada 1853. Suku Kanak telah berjuang untuk mendapatkan kemerdekaannya melalui referendum yang diatur dalam Perjanjian Noumea 1998. Perjanjian ini memberikan kesempatan tiga kali referendum, tetapi semua referendum gagal untuk membuat New Caledonia merdeka. Dengan demikian, referendum ketiga tahun 2021 menandai akhir perjuangan kemerdekaan suku Kanak, mereka secara sah terintegrasi ke dalam Republik Prancis sebagai keputusan yang final. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka konseptual “referendum” untuk menentukan nasib kemerdekaan, dan “integrasi” sebagai strategi kolonial yang bertujuan mempertahankan kendali atas wilayah jajahannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, pendekatan induktif, menggunakan sumber primer dan sekunder, teknik pengumpulan data studi pustaka. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penyebab kegagalan referendum adalah kombinasi strategi politik, ketidakseimbangan demografi suku Kanak dengan warga pendatang, dan sistem pemilih yang tidak menguntungkan suku Kanak. Dinamika hak pilih juga sangat signifikan dalam memberikan keunggulan bagi warga pendatang yang bisa memilih pada referendum yang seharusnya menjadi referendum penentuan nasib suku Kanak. Penelitian ini menyoroti bahwa referendum yang seharusnya menjadi instrumen demokratis, tetapi digunakan sebagai alat politik untuk mempertahankan dekolonisasi dalam bentuk modern yang justru bertujuan untuk mempertahankan wilayah kekuasaan kolonial. Dalam kasus New Caledonia, referendum telah menjadi sarana untuk mengintegrasikan wilayah tersebut ke dalam Republik Prancis, dan mengorbankan hak penentuan nasib kemerdekaan yang seharusnya menjadi fokus utama dari proses dekolonisasi di wilayah Non-Self Governing Territories (NSGT). Kata Kunci : referendum, suku kanak, new caledonia
STRATEGI IRAN DALAM MERESPONS SANKSI AS PERIODE 2018–2020 Alir, Adre Anggia; Firnas, Muhamad Adian
Dinamika Global : Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Vol 9 No 1 (2024): Dinamika Global : Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Ahmad Yani

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36859/jdg.v9i1.1972

Abstract

This research analyzes Iran's strategies in dealing with disruptions in the oil sector due to US sanctions during the 2018–2020 period, coinciding with the US withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Iran initiated its nuclear program in 1957 under Atoms for Peace but suspended it in 1979 under Ayatollah Khomeini. In 2013, Iran engaged in negotiations with the P5+1, leading to the JCPOA three years later. However, in 2018, Trump withdrew the US from the JCPOA, imposing economic sanctions on Iran through five Executive Orders (EO) during 2018-2020, causing disruptions in the oil sector and negatively impacting the country's economy. Iran responded by strengthening bilateral ties and employing innovative approaches. The research, using qualitative and descriptive methods with secondary data sources, such as literature from books, documents, journals, newspapers, magazines, and online articles. The conceptual framework involves international economic sanctions and economic security, revealing that the US sanctions achieved constraining and signaling objectives but failed to coerce Iran. Despite economic challenges, Iran maintained its nuclear program, achieving constraining and signaling goals, while diversifying exports and adopting innovative strategies to counter the sanctions.