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Penyusunan Tes Penalaran Abstrak Chandra, M. Tri Firia; Rendita, Bella Fanya; Syafitri, Astika; Friscilya, Anggita; Weri, Firda; Afriana, Nur; Slamet, Edi; Periantalo, Jelpa
Jurnal Psikologi Jambi Vol. 2 No. 1 (2017): Jurnal Psikologi Jambi
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jpj.v2i1.4086

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Abstract reasoning refers to the ability to analyze information, detect patterns and relationships, and solve problems on a complex, intangible level. Based on Piaget’s theory, it is said that abstract reasoning has started at age of 11 years old and above. METHOD This scale based on construction methods of measuring instruments. This research included 600 respondents overall from age 13 to 35 years old. There were 100 items that divided into five indicators. The item analysis was done by the item discrimination index, item difficulty index, the effectiveness of the distractor, validity views of content validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, groups validity,criterion validity, and reliability analysis. Norms are made by using score-standard or z-scores method. RESULTTheresult of convergent validity between the Abstract Reasoning Test’s components is a positive correlation. Discriminatory with r = 0,078 and Sig. = 0,271 shows that there was not much difference of abstract reasoning ability between women and men. There was a significant correlation between education and abstract reasoning ability with r = 0,405 and Sig. = 0,000, and there was also a significant correlation between age and abstract reasoning ability with r = 0,472 and Sig. = 405. Internal consistency reliability using the SPSS output coefficient of reliability of 0,809, and it shows the Abstract Reasoning Scale has a good reliability scores. CONCLUSION DAN RECOMMENDATION The instrument has good psychometric properties. It has good results on validity tests and standards-compliant reliability. The instrument is also practically used. Final scale consists of 25 items. Abstract reasoning ability is proven to be correlated with education and age. The higher one’s education, the higher abstract reasoning ability will be. Also the older one gets, the more abstract reasoning ability one will possess.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF VACCINE ADJUVANTS: CURRENT APPLICATIONS, DEVELOPMENT, AND IN SILICO DESIGN Herfena, Nikmatia; Gunarti Ningsih, Eka; Tania Artha, Widya; Ardatul Putra, Ilham; Afriana, Nur
Jurnal Crystal : Publikasi Penelitian Kimia dan Terapannya Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): Literasi Artikel Penelitian Kimia
Publisher : Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36526/jc.v7i2.5994

Abstract

Adjuvants play a crucial role in modern vaccine formulations by enhancing immune responses, prolonging protection, and reducing the required antigen dose. Although several adjuvants have been globally licensed, the development of novel adjuvants still faces major challenges such as unpredictable immunogenicity, potential toxicity, and high in vivo testing costs. In silico approaches offer promising solutions for accelerating adjuvant design and validation in a more efficient and targeted manner. This review summarizes recent advances in computational methods for adjuvant development, including epitope prediction, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and the application of artificial intelligence. It also discusses currently licensed adjuvants and highlights case studies involving in silico-designed immune-receptor agonists such as Toll-like-receptor (TLR) ligands. Integrating empirical and bioinformatic strategies is expected to create new opportunities for developing safer, more specific, and personalized vaccine adjuvants. Key challenges and future research directions are also identified to optimize the incorporation of in silico approaches into global vaccine innovation.