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All Journal Humanika : Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services
Ikrom, Mohamad
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Arts Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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The Role of Legal Empowerment Based Advocacy for Rural Communities on Structural Social Inequality Tama, Rifqi Anugrah; Ikrom, Mohamad; Dixon, Edward; Nte, Ngaboawaji Daniel; Idris, Siti Hafsyah
Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services Vol 5 No 2 (2023): Discourse of Fair Law Enforcement and Advocacy: A Quest for Justice among Margina
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijals.v5i2.68240

Abstract

Indonesia is a portrait of a legal state, the rights of the people have been protected by the Constitution, contained in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Substantially regarding advocacy assistance to the community is regulated in Article 28 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia "Everyone has the right to recognition, guarantee, protection, and legal certainty that is fair and equality before the law". In order to realize what has been mandated by Constitution, the government then issued a Law on Legal Aid, namely Law Number 16 of 2011 which was later referred to as the Law on Legal Aid. This research is specifically to analyze the application provision of legal aid given the role of the advocacy party legal Empowerment Based for Rural Communities Against Structural Social Inequality. This is the extent of the government's attention to upholding justice and eradicating structural social inequalities in rural communities. Viewed from the point of view of the method used, this type of research/approach is a type of normative legal research. The Normative Approach is research that looks at positive legal aspects as well as documents and statutory regulations. Also called doctrinal legal research, namely legal research that uses secondary data.
The Role of Legal Empowerment Based Advocacy for Rural Communities on Structural Social Inequality Tama, Rifqi Anugrah; Ikrom, Mohamad; Dixon, Edward; Nte, Ngaboawaji Daniel; Idris, Siti Hafsyah
Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): Discourse of Fair Law Enforcement and Advocacy: A Quest for Justice among Margi
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijals.v5i2.29864

Abstract

Indonesia is a portrait of a legal state, the rights of the people have been protected by the Constitution, contained in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Substantially regarding advocacy assistance to the community is regulated in Article 28 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia "Everyone has the right to recognition, guarantee, protection, and legal certainty that is fair and equality before the law". In order to realize what has been mandated by Constitution, the government then issued a Law on Legal Aid, namely Law Number 16 of 2011 which was later referred to as the Law on Legal Aid. This research is specifically to analyze the application provision of legal aid given the role of the advocacy party legal Empowerment Based for Rural Communities Against Structural Social Inequality. This is the extent of the government's attention to upholding justice and eradicating structural social inequalities in rural communities. Viewed from the point of view of the method used, this type of research/approach is a type of normative legal research. The Normative Approach is research that looks at positive legal aspects as well as documents and statutory regulations. Also called doctrinal legal research, namely legal research that uses secondary data.
KIAI PESANTREN DAN PEMIKIRANNYA TENTANG NUSYUZ (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN JEMBER) Ikrom, Mohamad
Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum Vol. 17 No. 1 (2017): Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/hum.v17i1.23122

Abstract

Kiai Pesantren tidak sekadar guru. Ia juga menjadi tempat berkeluh kesah semuapersoalan masyarakat. Termasuk dalam masalah perkawinan. Termasuk dalampersoalan perkawinan. Salah satu persoalan itu adalah tentang nusyuz. Nusyuzseringkali ditimpakan pada seorang perempuan (istri) yang seringkali meninggalkanpersoalan relasi gender. Penelitian lapangan ini memotret pandangan Kiai Pesantren diJember Jawa Timur tentang nusyuz. Penelitian kualitatif ini menemukan bahwakefariatifan berfikir Kiaia dapat dilihat dari cara-cara mereka berpendapat yangkemudian oleh peneliti dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Bayani, Qiyasi,Istislahi. Dan dari hasil analisis tersebut ditemukan dua metode istinbath yangdigunakan oleh para kiai Jember, yaitu; istinbath bayani dan istinbath istislahi. Terkaitdengan adanya penafsiran ayat nusyuz, penelitian ini menemukan dua corak penafsiranyaitu (1) corak penafsiran tekstual yang terekam lewat kekakuan mereka ketikamenafsirkan ayat nusyuz, dan lebih menitik beratkan kepada kekuasaan seorang suamiuntuk melakukan sebuah tindakan kepada seorang istri. (2) corak penafsirankontekstual terlihat lewat penafsiran mereka yang lebih cenderung kepada pengkajianulang terhadap ayat-ayat nusyuz sehingga terkesan bahwa nusyuz tidak hanya dimilikioleh istri. Hal ini disebabkan karena adanya pro dan kontra terhadap pemikiran nusyuzyang lebih humanis.Head of boarding school (Kiai Pesantren) is not just a teacher. He also became a place tocomplain about all the problems of the community. Included in the issue of marriage. Includedin the issue of marriage. One of the problems is about Nusyuz. Nusyuz is often inflicted on awoman (wife) who often leaves the issue of gender relations. This field research portrays theviews of Kiai Islamic Boarding Schools in Jember, East Java, about Nusyuz. This qualitativeresearch found that the effectiveness of Kiaia's thinking can be seen from the ways they arguedthat the researchers then analyzed it using the Bayani, Qiyasi, Istislahi method. And from theresults of the analysis found two istinbath methods used by the Jember scholars, namely;istinbath bayani and istinbath istislahi. In connection with the interpretation of the nusyuzverse, this study found two interpretive features, namely (1) the style of textual interpretation recorded through their rigidity when interpreting the verse nusyuz, and more focused on thepower of a husband to take an action to a wife. (2) the style of contextual interpretation can beseen through their interpretation which is more inclined to a reassessment of the nusyuz versesso that it seems that nusyuz is not only owned by the wife. This is due to the existence of prosand cons of the more humanistic thoughts of Nusyuz.
SYARIAT ISLAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF GENDER DAN HAM Ikrom, Mohamad
Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/hum.v18i1.23126

Abstract

Islam membawa ajaran luhur dan ideal bersumber dari Allah dengan konsep Alqur'andan teladan implementasi oleh rasulullah khususnya dalam mengangkat derajat perempuanyang secara historis termarjinalisasi kederajat yang setara dan bahkan terkesan lebihdimuliakan. Konsep ideal islam tentang gender terbiaskan karena dua hal: pertama,pemahaman terhadap sumber hukum yang bersifat tekstual dan dogmatis. Kedua, perolehanpemahan umat islam dari mubalig yang terkesan patriarkis dan memarjinalkan perempuandalam materinya. Sehingga mengembalikan umat islam pada bias gender pada era jahiliyahsebelum datangnya islam yang patriarkis dan memarjinalkan perempuan.Hukum yang dibuat pemerintah Indonesia dari pusat sampai tingkat peraturan desadianggap tidak mensejahterakan perempuan, malah terkesan tidak ramah terhadap perempuan.Hal ini dapat dilihat dari indikator yang dipakai hukum tersebut bersifat simbolistik daneksploitasi tubuh wanita, seperti kewajiban menutup aurat, kewajiban berjilbab, bekerja padawilayah yang tertutup, sehingga perlu rekonstruksi kembali hukum Islam yangmensejahterakan dan berkeadilan. Rekonstruksi pemikiran hukum Islam dapat mengunakanbeberapa prinsip sebagai berikut: Prinsip Maqashid al-Syari`ah, Prinsip Relativitas Fiqh,Prinsip Tafsir Tematik, Prinsip Kemaslahatan (al-Maslahat), Prinsip Kesetaraan dan KeadilanGender (al-Musawah al-Jinsiyah), Prinsip Pluralitas (al-Ta`addudiyyah), Prinsip Nasionalitas(al-Muwathanah),, Prinsip Penegakan HAM (Iqamat al-Huquq al-Insaniyah), PrinsipDemokrasi (al-Dimuqrathiyyah)Islam brings noble and ideal teachings sourced from God with the concept of the Qur'anand the example of implementation by the messenger of Allah in particular in raising the rankof women who have historically been marginalized to equal degrees and even seem moreglorified. The ideal Islamic concept of gender is refracted because of two things: first,understanding of textual and dogmatic sources of law. Second, the acquisition of Muslimsfrom the preachers who seemed patriarchal and and seemed to marginalize women in terms ofmaterial, so that returning the Muslims to gender bias in the era of ignorance before the arrivalof patriarchal Islam and marginalizing women.Laws made by the Indonesian government from the center to the level of villageregulations are deemed not to prosper women, instead they seem unfriendly to women. Thiscan be seen from the indicators used by the law that are symbolic and exploit the body of women, such as the obligation to cover the genitals, the obligation to veil, work in a closedarea, so that the reconstruction of Islamic law is prosperous and just. Reconstruction ofIslamic legal thought can use several principles as follows: Maqashid al-Shari'ah Principle,Principles of Fiqh Relativity, Thematic Interpretation Principles, Principles of Benefit (al-Maslahat), Principles of Equality and Gender Justice (al-Musawah al-Jinsiyah), PrinciplesPlurality (al-Ta`addudiyyah), Principles of Nationality (al-Muwathanah) ,, Principles ofHuman Rights Enforcement (Iqamat al-Huquq al-Insaniyah), Principles of Democracy (al-Dimuqrathiyyah)
Hukum islam: sinergisitas teks, moral, dan akal Ikrom, Mohamad
Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum Vol. 18 No. 2 (2018): Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/hum.v18i2.29240

Abstract

The development of the paradigm of modern science has a significant impact on the development of jurisprudence. A case in point is the influence of postmodernism which has led to a thought that law is no longer deemed as merely a social reality; instead, the law is also a metaphysical reality. The shift of jurisprudence paradigm from positivism to postmodernism is considered in line with Islamic thoughts on jurisprudence. Because of, first, Islamic jurisprudence requires the combination of mind and heart; second, the shortcoming of Bayani, `Irfani and Burhani epistemology necessitates a par excellence epistemology i.e. their combination; third, religious morality plays an important role in forming a social order.Perkembangan paradigma ilmiah modern memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap perkembangan yurisprudensi. Salah satu contohnya adalah pengaruh postmodernisme yang telah menyebabkan pemikiran bahwa hukum tidak lagi dianggap hanya sebagai realitas sosial; sebaliknya, hukum juga merupakan realitas metafisik. Pergeseran paradigma yurisprudensi dari positivisme ke postmodernisme dianggap sejalan dengan pemikiran Islam tentang yurisprudensi. Hal ini dikarenakan, pertama, yurisprudensi Islam membutuhkan kombinasi pikiran dan hati; kedua, kekurangan bayani, epistemologi `irfani dan burhani membutuhkan epistemologi par excellence, yaitu kombinasi mereka; ketiga, moralitas agama memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk tatanan sosial. 
Pertimbangan vonis hakim terhadap tindak pidana kekerasan dalam rumah tangga perspektif hukum pidana lslam Ikrom, Mohamad
Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025): Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/hum.v25i2.91121

Abstract

Domestic violence is a violation of human rights and a form of discrimination that must be eradicated. In Islam, such acts are forbidden. If this violence repeatedly occurs, it can lead to serious consequences for the victim, who is often the wife. Therefore, perpetrators of violence must be given appropriate criminal sanctions that provide a deterrent effect and comply with applicable laws. Thus, judges need to be sensitive in analyzing, considering, and handing down verdicts. The focus of this research is to examine the positive law perspective regarding the prison sentence in Jember District Court Decision Number: 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr,- concerning domestic violence, as well as the Islamic criminal law perspective regarding the prison sentence in Jember District Court Decision Number: 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr,- concerning domestic violence. The research method used is normative-juridical, and the analysis employed involves both positive law and Islamic criminal law. The research findings show that Jember District Court Decision Number 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr is a form of Ultra Petita ruling. This means the judge imposed a sentence exceeding the maximum criminal threat outlined in Article 44 paragraph (4). Such a sentence is not justified as it contradicts the stipulated criminal threat, violating the principle of legality. Based on an analysis of Islamic Criminal Law, Jember District Court Decision Number 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr imposed a ta'zir sanction on the defendant for the crime of physical domestic violence. This sanction, related to individual liberty, is a 6-month prison sentence. Its primary aim is to safeguard public interest and protect every member of society from harm. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga merupakan tindakan yang melanggar hak asasi manusia serta bentuk diskriminasi yang harus dihapuskan, dan di dalam islam tindakan tersebut dilarang. Apabila kekerasan ini berulang-ulang terjadi bisa menimbulkan dampak yang serius kepada korban yang notabene adalah istri. Maka, pelaku Kekerasan harus diberi sanksi pidana yang sesuai dan dapat memberikan efek jera serta sesuai dengan Undang-undang yang berlaku. Dengan demikian dibutuhkan kepekaan hakim dalam menganalisis, mempertimbangkan, dan menjatuhkan vonis. Fokus kajian dalam penelitian ini adalah pandangan hukum positif terkait vonis penjara pada putusan pengadilan negeri jember Nomor: 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr,- tentang tindak pidana kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, serta pandangan hukum pidana islam terkait vonis penjara pada putusan pengadilan negeri jember Nomor: 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr,- tentang tindak pidana kekerasan dalam rumah tangga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu normatif yuridis, dan analisis yang digunakan adalah hukum positif dan hukum pidana Islam. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa putusan pengadilan negeri jember Nomor 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr, merupakan bentuk putusan Ultra Petita dimana dalam penjatuhan pidana hakim melebihi dari batas maksimal ancaman pidana yang ditetapkan pasal 44 ayat (4). Penjatuhan pidana yang melebihi ancaman pidana tidak dibenarkan karena bertentangan dengan ancaman pidana yang dirumuskan (asas legalitas). Berdasarkan Analisis Hukum Pidana Islam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Jember Nomor 598/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Jmr, sanksi yang diberikan kepada terdakwa jarimah kekerasan fisik dalam lingkup rumah tangga yakni sanksi ta’zir yang berkenaan dengan kemerdekaan berupa hukuman penjara selama 6 bulan,  yang pada prinsipnya mengacu pada menjaga kepentingan umum dan melindungi setiap anggota masyarakat dari kemudharatan.
Co-Authors Dixon, Edward Idris, Siti Hafsyah Nte, Ngaboawaji Daniel Tama, Rifqi Anugrah