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All Journal Agrovigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi REKAYASA
Umam, Ahmad Syaiful
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Physics

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Selection of maize lines resistant to drought stress using PEG 6000 in the vegetative phase Arifin, Nur Iman; Suhartono, Suhartono; Amzeri, Achmad; Umam, Ahmad Syaiful
Agrovigor Vol 18, No 2 (2025): In press
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrovigor.v18i2.30743

Abstract

Selection of maize lines for drought stress is the initial step in developing maize varieties with high production characteristics and resistance to drought stress. The research aims to determine the characteristics of maize lines in the vegetative phase and to select for resistance of maize lines in the vegetative phase using PEG 6000. The research used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), which was arranged factorially with three replications and two treatments. The number of treatments in this study was 40 treatment combinations, so there were 120 experimental units. Factor I was genotype, and factor II was the giving of PEG-6000 solution. All maize lines were planted in polybags measuring 20 x 20 cm. There are two levels of PEG 6000 solution treatment: 0% concentration (optimum condition) and 10% concentration, which is equivalent to -0.19 Mpa (drought stress condition)  (Mexal et al., 1975). When the plants are 10 days after planting (DAP), drought stress is applied using a 10% concentration of PEG 6000 solution. The observed characters were plant height, root length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll, plant wet weight, and plant dry weight.  The research results showed that drought stress treatment mostly reduced the character values of plant height, root length, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll, plant wet weight, and plant dry weight. All tested lines showed significant differences in all tested characters against optimum condition treatments and drought stress. The lines resistant to drought stress were G4, G9, G11, G13, G14, G15, G16, G17, and G19.
Penampilan 10 Kandidat Jagung Hibrida Berdaya Hasil Tinggi dan Toleran terhadap Kekeringan Ramlan, Ach Rofiqi; Amzeri, Achmad; Chan, Caroline; Suhartono, Suhartono; Umam, Ahmad Syaiful
Rekayasa Vol 18, No 2: Agustus, 2025
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v18i2.30907

Abstract

One way to increase maize productivity in dry land is to develop superior maize varieties with high production, early maturity, and resistance to drought stress. The study aims to evaluate the characteristics of 10 hybrid maize candidates with high production, early maturity and resistance to drought stress. The research used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 13 genotypes (10 hybrid maize candidates, three comparison varieties (Jakaring, Pioneer-X, and Bisi-X)) as treatments. It was repeated three times, so that there were 39 experimental units. Drought stress using the CYMMYT method, namely drought stress, is carried out when the plants are 50 DAP until harvest, but providing irrigation with field capacity at 0 to 40 DAP with an interval of every 10 days. The observation parameters in this study were plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf area, ear height, days of 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, harvest age, number of kernel rows, weight of cob with husk, ear length, ear diameter, kernel width, kernel length, kernel thickness, kernel diameter, 1000-kernel weight, and production per hectare. The results of the study showed that the thirteen tested characters showed a very significant effect of the treatment, namely plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf area, ear height, days of 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, harvest age, number of kernel rows, weight of cob with husk, ear length, kernel width, and 1000-kernel weight. Four characters showed a significant effect of treatment: kernel length, kernel thickness, kernel diameter, and production per hectare. The ear diameter character did not show any significant differences between treatments. The broad heritability values for all tested characters for the 13 genotypes ranged from 49.90 to 97.90. Production per hectare was positively correlated with ear length (0.79**), ear diameter (0.37*), and kernel thickness (0.59**). Furthermore, the production character per hectare is negatively correlated with harvest age (-0.49**) and kernel length (-0.38*). G1, G2, G3, and G6 are the hybrid maize candidates selected for the release of hybrid varieties with high production and early maturity.
Identifikasi Tanaman Melon Toleran Cekaman Kekeringan Umam, Ahmad Syaiful; Amzeri, Achmad; Husna, Arifah
Rekayasa Vol 18, No 2: Agustus, 2025
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v18i2.31405

Abstract

Identifikasi tanaman melon yang tahan terhadap cekaman kekeringan merupakan solusi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman melon pada lahan kering. Tujuan penelitian adalah identifikasi karakter-karakter melon dan menyeleksi toleransi melon terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok  faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor.  Faktor pertama terdiri dari 10 taraf genotip tanaman melon dan faktor kedua terdiri dari 2 taraf, yaitu Irigasi 100% (100% kapasitas lapang) dan irigasi 50% (50% kapasitas lapang). Penelitian terdiri dari 20 kombinasi perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 3 ulangan sehingga dihasilkan 60 unit percobaan. Tiap unit percobaan terdiri dari 5 tanaman dan pengamatan dilakukan pada 3 tanaman sampel pada setiap unit percobaan. Karakter tanaman yang diamati adalah umur berbunga jantan, umur berbunga betina, umur panen, kadar gula (oBrix), bentuk buah, warna kulit buah, warna buah, net pada kulit buah, panjang buah, diameter buah, tebal daging buah, berat buah, dan produksi per hektar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cekaman kekeringan menurunkan produksi per hektar sebesar 26.36%. Nilai ISK rata-rata menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 genotip yang toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan dan 7 genotip yang tidak tahan terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Tanaman melon yang direkomendasikan untuk dikembangkan pada lahan kering adalah G2, G3, G5, dan G6.
Yield evaluation of hybrid maize candidates with high productivity and drought tolerance Majid, Royhan; Amzeri, Achmad; Chan, Caroline; Suhartono, Suhartono; Umam, Ahmad Syaiful
Agrovigor Vol 18, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/agrovigor.v18i1.30139

Abstract

One solution to solve the problem of low maize productivity in dry land is to develop superior maize varieties with high production characteristics and resistance to drought stress.  This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of 10 hybrid maize candidates with high production characteristics and resistance to drought stress.The research used a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 13 genotypes (10 hybrid maize candidates, three comparison varieties (Jakaring, Pioneer-X, and Bisi-X) as treatments and was repeated three times, so that there were 39 experimental units.Drought stress research follows the CIMMYT method. The observation parameters in this study were plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf area, ear height, days of 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, harvest age, number of kernel rows, weight of cob with husk, ear length, ear diameter, kernel width, kernel length, kernel thickness, 1000-kernel weight, and production per hectare. The results of the variance analysis showed that several genotypes tested had a significant effect on the characters of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf area, ear height, days of 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, harvest age, number of kernel rows, weight of cob with husk, ear length, ear diameter, kernel width, kernel thickness, 1000-kernel weight, and production per hectare.  The value of heritability in the broad sense of candidate maize for all evaluated characters ranged from 0.00-97.64. The character of production per hectare significantly correlates with the ear length and ear diameter, with respective correlation coefficient values of 0.36 and 0.56.  The character of the ear height had a significant negative correlation with the production per hectare character, with a correlation coefficient value of -0.39.  The selected genotypes in releasing hybrid varieties were G1, G2, G3, G4, and G6.
Seleksi Galur Jagung Tahan terhadap Cekaman Kekeringan Menggunakan PEG 6000 pada Fase Perkecambahan Ahadiyah, Izdihar Suci; Suhartono, Suhartono; Amzeri, Achmad; Umam, Ahmad Syaiful
Rekayasa Vol 18, No 1: April 2025
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v18i1.30395

Abstract

Seleksi galur jagung terhadap cekaman kekeringan merupakan langkah awal untuk merakit varietas jagung dengan karakter produksi tinggi dan tahan terhadap cekaman kekeringan.  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter galur jagung pada fase perkecambahan dan menseleksi ketahanan galur jagung pada fase perkecambahan menggunakan PEG 6000. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang disusun secara faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah 20 galur jagung dan faktor kedua adalah kosentrasi PEG 6000 yaitu 0% (Potensial osmotik : 0 Mpa), 5 % (potensial osmotik -0,03 Mpa), 10 % (potensial osmotik : -0,19 Mpa), 15% (potensial osmotik : -0.41 Mpa), dan 20% (potensial osmotik : -0,67 Mpa). Karakter yang diamati adalah daya berkecambah, panjang akar dan tunas, berat basah kecambah, berat kering kecambah, dan Indeks Sensitivitas Kekeringan (ISK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pemberian larutan PEG 6000 sebesar 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% sebagian besar menurunkan nilai karakter daya kecambah, panjang akar dan tunas, berat basah kecambah, dan berat kering kecambah dibandingkan dengan kontrol (pemberian larutan PEG sebesar 0%).  Perlakuan pemberian larutan PEG 6000 pada kosentrasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% pada semua karakter terdapat perbedaan nyata pada 20 galur yang diuji kecuali untuk karakter berat kering kecambah pada perlakuan pemberian PEG 6000 sebesar 15%. Galur jagung yang toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan adalah G1, G2, G3, G8, G9, G13, dan G20.
Co-Authors Achmad Amzeri Ahadiyah, Izdihar Suci Arifin, Nur Iman Caroline Chan, Caroline Husna, Arifah Majid, Royhan Ramlan, Ach Rofiqi Suhartono