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Engelbert Manaroinsong
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

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Optimasi Produksi Virgin Coconut Oil dengan Metode Direct Micro Expelling [Production Optimization of Virgin Coconut Oil by Direct Micro Expelling Method] Adhitya Yudha Pradhana; Ismail Maskromo; Nugroho Utomo; Engelbert Manaroinsong; Steivie Karouw; Rindengan Barlina
Buletin Palma Vol 20, No 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v20n2.2019.91-99

Abstract

Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) production with dry extraction oils such as copra is time consuming and resulting in quality. The purpose of this study was to optimize the production of VCO using the Direct Micro Expelling-Flat Bed Dried (DME-FBD) method. This research was carried out at the Indonesian Palm Crops Research Institute (IPCRI) on January - March 2019 in the coconut processing unit of the postharvest laboratory using two coconut varieties, namely Mapanget Tall (MTT) and Salak Green Dwarf (SGD), each with 10, 11, and 12 months harvest period. The experimental design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 repetition. The results showed that the yield of VCO oil from coconut 11 months old of MTT was 18.39% (16 nuts/L VCO) with optimum DME-FBD temperature of approximately 40-88°C on plate and 36–72°C on grated coconut meat. VCO obtained from MTT coconut has a quality of 0.07% water content, free fatty acid 0,0017%, fresh aroma coconut, non-rancid with a value of 4.50, a distinctive of coconut oil taste of 4.10, and clear color of 4.30 accordingly with SNI 7381: 2008 and export quality requirements of APCC. Almost the same quality was obtained from SGD coconut with 11 months of harvest with a water content of 0.06%, free fatty acids 0.0018%, a fresh aroma of coconut with a value of 4.30, a distinctive of coconut oil taste of 4.00, and clear color 4.10.ABSTRAKProduksi Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) dengan ekstraksi kering seperti kopra membutuhkan waktu lama dan metode yang digunakan kurang optimal. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melakukan optimasi produksi VCO dengan menggunakan metode Direct Micro Expelling-Flat Bed Dried (DME-FBD). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Maret 2019 di unit pengolahan kelapa laboratorium pascapanen, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma menggunakan dua varietas kelapa, yaitu kelapa Dalam Mapanget (DMT) dan kelapa Genjah Salak (GSK), masing-masing dengan umur panen 10, 11, dan 12 bulan. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen minyak VCO tertinggi dari kelapa DMT umur 11 bulan, sebesar 18,39% (16 butir/L VCO) dengan suhu optimum sekitar 40-88°C di pelat dan 35-72°C pada kelapa parut, sedangkan rendemen VCO kelapa GSK umur 11 bulan sebesar 16,38%, tetapi dengan jumlah buah 26 butir untuk mendapatkan 1 liter VCO, dengan suhu optimum sekitar 42-94°C di pelat dan 36-72°C pada kelapa parut. VCO yang diperoleh dari kelapa DMT mempunyai kualitas kadar air 0,07%, asam lemak bebas 0,0017%, aroma khas kelapa segar, tidak tengik dengan nilai 4,50, rasa normal, khas minyak kelapa 4,10, dan warna jernih 4,30 yang sesuai dengan SNI 7381:2008 dan syarat mutu ekspor APCC. Kualitas yang hampir sama diperoleh dari kelapa GSK dengan umur panen 11 bulan dihasilkan kadar air 0,06%, asam lemak bebas 0,0018%, aroma segar khas kelapa, tidak tengik dengan nilai 4,30, rasa khas minyak kelapa 4,00, dan warna jernih 4,10. 
Pengolahan Edible Film Nata de Coco dan Aplikasinya sebagai Coating pada Daging Kelapa Muda [Processing of Edible Film Nata de Coco and Its Application as Coating on Young Coconut Meat] Barlina Rindengan; Suryani Lahea; Engelbert Manaroinsong
Buletin Palma Vol 19, No 2 (2018): Desember 2018
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bp.v19n2.2018.57-68

Abstract

 Biocellulose nata de coco is a potential raw material for edible film processing as an environmentally friendly packaging. Edible film applications on foodstuffs can extend the shelf life of the product.  This study aims to determine the formulation and good characteristics of the processing of raw materials of bioselulose nata de coco edible film which are suitable for packaging materials as well as changes in the quality of tender coconut meat applied by edible coating during storage.   The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Palm Research Institute and Laboratory of Agricultural Product Technology Engineering, UGM-Yogyakarta in January to December 2016. The study was conducted in two stages, the first stage is formulation and processing of the edible fim, using Completely Randomized Design (RAL), with the treatment comparison between biocelulose nata de coco (BS): CMC and glycerol (GLI), as follows: Formula 1 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 100: 0: 0; Formula 2 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 99.5: 0.5: 0; Formula 3 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 99.0: 1.0: 0; Formula 4 = BIS: CMC: LI = 98.5: 0.5: 1; Formula 5 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 98,0: 1,0: 1,0; Formula 6 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 98.0: 5: 1,5;  Formula  = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 1.0: 1.5;  Formula 8 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 0.5: 2.0; and Formula 9 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.0: 1.0: 2.0. The second stage, edible film application that has a good characteristic on young coconut meat slices, then packed using vacuum method and stored for three months in Refrigerator and Freezer. The results showed that, edible film comparison: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 1.0: 1.5 is acceptable and has 0,0551 mm in thickness, tensile strength 19,0747 Mpa, elongation 18,2618%, vapor transmission rate 16,878 (g / m2 / 24 hour) and better brightness value (clear). The application of edible coating biocellulose nata atslices on young coconut meat and stored in Freezer can reduce total microbial growth and up to 3 months and is still favored by panelists. ABSTRAKBioselulosa nata de coco merupakan bahan baku potensial untuk pengolahan edible film sebagai kemasan yang ramah lingkungan. Aplikasi edible film pada bahan pangan dapat memperpanjang masa simpan produk.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formulasi dan karakteristik yang baik dari pengolahan edible film berbahan baku bioselulosa nata de coco yang sesuai untuk bahan kemasan serta perubahan mutu  daging buah kelapa muda yang diaplikasi edible coating selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman  Palma, dan Laboratorium Rekayasa Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, UGM-Yogyakarta pada bulan  bulan Januari sampai Desember 2016.. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, tahap pertama formulasi pengolahan edible fim, dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan:perbandingan antara bioselulosa nata de coco (BS) : CMC dan gliserol (GLI), sebagai berikut :  Formula 1= BIS:CMC:GLI=100:0:0;  Formula 2=BIS:CMC:GLI=   99,5:0,5:0;  Formula 3=BIS:CMC:GLI= 99,0:1,0:0; Formula 4=BIS:CMC: LI=98,5:0,5 :1;  Formula 5=BIS:CMC:GLI= 98,0:1,0:1,0; Formula 6 F=BIS:CMC:GLI= 98,0:5:1,5; Formula 7=BIS:CMC:GLI= 97,5:1,0:1,5; Formula 8=BIS:CMC: GLI=97,5:0,5:2,0; dan  Formula 9=BIS:CMC:GLI= 97,0:1,0:2,0. Ulangan tiga kali sehingga ada 27 satuan percobaan. Tahap kedua aplikasi edible film yang memiliki karakterisik yang baik pada irisan daging kelapa muda terolah minimal. Kemudian dikemas secara vacum dan disimpan sampai tiga bulan di dalam Refrigerator dan Freezer. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa, edible film berbahan baku bioselulosa nata de coco (BIS) dengan penambahan carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) dan gliserol (GLI)  perbandingan BIS : CMC : GLI=   97,5:  1,0 :1,5 cukup baik,  memiliki karakateristik ketebalan 0,0551 mm, kuat tarik 19,0747 Mpa, elongation 18,2618%,  laju transmisi uap air 16,878 (g/m2/24 jam) dan nilai kecerahan yang lebih baik (bening).  Aplikasi edible coating bioselulosa nata pada irisan daging kelapa  muda terolah minimal yang dikemas secara vacum dan disimpan dalam Freezer dapat mereduksi perkembangan total mikroba dan sampai 3 bulan dan masih disukai panelis.
Co-Authors Adhitya Yudha Pradhana Barlina Rindengan Ismail Maskromo Nugroho Utomo Rindengan Barlina Steivie Karouw Suryani Lahea