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DAMPAK PERUBAHAN IKLIM DAN STRATEGI ADAPTASI TANAMAN BUAH DAN SAYURAN DI DAERAH TROPIS / CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT AND ADAPTATION SRATEGY FOR VEGETABLE AND FRUIT CROPS IN THE TROPIC REGION Sarvina, Yeli
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 38, No 2 (2019): DESEMBER, 2019
Publisher : Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jp3.v38n2.2019.p65-76

Abstract

Climate change has significant negative impact on agriculture in tropical region. Inrecent years, research on climate change has focused mainly on food crops while horticultural crops have received little attention. This paper is an overview of Indonesian future climate projection for precipitation, temperature and extreme climate, climate change impact and adaptation strategies on vegetable and fruit crops and future challenge for horticultural development under climate change. The climate change will decrease crop productivity and quality, increase the incidence of new pest and disease, and the outbreaks on vegetable and fruit crops. Further climate change will disrupt water availability, alter climate-crop suitability and cause crop failure due to extreme climate. Several adaptation measures have been developed in farming system, among other adjustment of planting time, using resistant varieties to environmental strees, adopting irrigation technology for efficient water use, using green house and increasing farmers and extention service capacity through climate field school. For future research it is necessary to assess climate projections with several scenarios and Global Circular Models (GCMs) and their impact on future vegetable and fruits crops by developing crop modeling which should be given a priority of in agriculture. This information crucially needed for adaptation strategy and a long term agricultural planning in the future.Keywords: Vegetable, fruit, climate change, global circular model, adaptation  AbstrakPerubahan iklim berdampak negatif terhadap pertanian di daerah tropis. Selama ini penelitian dampak perubahan iklim terhadap pertanian lebih banyak dilakukan pada tanaman pangan, sementara pada tanaman hortikultura, khususnya sayuran dan buah-buahan masih terbatas. Tulisan ini merupakan tinjauan tentang proyeksi dampak perubahan iklim di Indonesia yang meliputi curah hujan, suhu udara, dan iklim ekstrim terhadap produksi tanaman buah dan sayuran, di samping berbagai upaya adaptasi yang telah dilakukan dan tantangan pembangunan hortikultura ke depan. Perubahan iklim pada tanaman sayuran dan buah-buahan terbukti menurunkan kuantitas dan kualitas produksi, munculnya hama penyakit baru, meningkatnya serangan hama dan penyakit, gagal panen, penurunan kapasitas air irigasi, perubahan kesesuian lahan dan tanaman. Beberapa langkah adaptasi yang sudah dilakukan yaitu penyesuaian sistem usaha tani yang meliputi penggunaan varietas toleran cekaman lingkungan, penyesuian waktu tanam, penggunaan teknik irigasi hemat air, pengembangan teknologi pencarian sumber daya air baru, penggunaan rumah kasa/rumah plastik, peningkatan kemampuan petani dan penyuluh dalam memahami perubahan iklim melalui sekolah lapang. Ke depan masih perlu dilakukan kajian proyeksi iklim dengan berbagai skenario dan berbagai Global circular model (GCM) serta kajian dampak perubahan iklim terhadap tanaman sayur dan buah unggulan melalui pengembangan pemodelan sistem usaha tani. Informasi proyeksi dampak perubahan iklim diperlukan sebagai upaya adaptasi dan perencanaan pembangunan pertanian yang dikaitkan dengan perubahan iklim.Kata kunci: Buah-buahan, sayuran, perubahan iklim, global circular model, adaptasi 
Strategi Peningkatan Produktivitas Kopi serta Adaptasi terhadap Variabilitas dan Perubahan Iklim melalui Kalender Budidaya Sarvina, Yeli; June, Tania; Surmaini, Elza; Nurmalina, Rita; Hadi, Sutjahjo Surjono
Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan Vol 14, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Agriculture Land Resource Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jsdl.v14n2.2020.65-78

Abstract

Abstrak. Rendahnya produktivitas kopi merupakan salah satu permasalahan utama dalam sistem produksi kopi Indonesia. Hal ini diantaranya disebabkan tidak adanya perawatan kopi yang optimal dengan memperhatikan fase fenologi kopi, serta dampak variabilitas dan perubahan iklim. Berbagai teknologi adaptasi kopi sudah banyak dihasilkan namun langkah adaptasi dengan memanfaatkan prakiraan iklim dalam bentuk penyesuian kegiatan budidaya dengan fase fenologi atau disebut sebagai kalender budidaya belum dikembangkan. Tulisan ini memaparkan tentang dampak variabilitas dan perubahan iklim pada tanaman kopi, teknologi adaptasi kopi yang sudah tersedia, perlunya pengembangan kalender budidaya kopi sebagai bentuk strategi adaptasi dan peningkatan produktivitas serta potensi dan tantangan pengembangan kalender budidaya kopi di Indonesia. Hasil review ini menunjukkan kalender budidaya kopi berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai strategi peningkatan produktivitas serta adaptasi terhadap variabilitas dan perubahan iklim. Abstract. Low productivity is one of the main challenges in Indonesia's coffee production system .It is low due to cultivation management; most of the coffee farmer does not manage their plantation base on the coffee phenology phase.  Moreover climate variability and change also have important effect on coffee productivity. Various technologies on adaptation and measurement to climate change and variability have been identified. Unfortunately, the technology which use climate forecast through adjusting cultivation activity and coffee phenology called as cultivation calendar do not exist yet. This paper provides an overview on the impact of climate variability and change to coffee production, the existing adaptation strategy, and the importance of cultivation calendar as a strategy for adapting and increasing productivity, and the potential and challenges to develop cultivation calendar in Indonesia. This review reveals that coffee cultivation calendar is a potential strategy for increaseing productivity and adapting climate change and variability.
PEMANFAATAN SOFTWARE OPEN SOURCE “R” UNTUK PENELITIAN AGROKLIMAT Sarvina, Yeli
Informatika Pertanian Vol 26, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Informatika Pertanian
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1343.52 KB) | DOI: 10.21082/ip.v26n1.2017.p23-30

Abstract

Analysis in agro-climate research often uses long and varied time series data and even involves complex simulation models. Software is required to produce information quickly, precisely, and accurately. Agro-climate research is sometime constrained by the availability proprietary software since cost of proprietary/ licensed software is relatively high. Open source software (OSS) is one solution to overcome this constrain whereas OSS can be used freely. This paper discusses the utilization  of  "R"  for  agro-climatic research that comprise of  available  “R” packages for agro-climate research,  several studies  have applied  “ R”  and  advantage of  “R” over other statistics software. Nowadays, there are many agroclimate researches and studies have utilized R both for spatial and tabular analysis. R can be used for simple statistical analysis such as variance analysis for experimental research and even for complex climate model. Many “R” packages for agro-climate research have been developed. The “R” capabilities on data management, model simulation, modelling and machine learning are “R” advantages that very useful for current agro-climate research.  By using "R" researchers  have greater opportunity to explore the historical agro-climate data. "R" should be developed in agro-climate research with existing packages. Researchers can develop new packages from existing packages to solve agro-climate problems and agricultural issues in general.