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POWER RELATIONS IN TWO CONTEMPORARY INDONESIAN NOVELS WITH POLITICAL THEMES Adji, Susilawati Endah Peni
International Journal of Humanity Studies (IJHS) Vol 4, No 1 (2020): September 2020
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/ijhs.v4i1.2788

Abstract

Since Indonesia began its political reform in 1998, Indonesians have enjoyed increased freedom of expression, and as such it has been possible for long-censored themes such as politics to be freely discussed in contemporary Indonesian literature. This article examines two such novels, (1) Junaedi Setiono's Dasamuka (2017), which deals with Javanese politics during the Diponegoro War; and (2) Arafat Nur's Lolong Anjing di Bulan (Dogs Howling at the Moon, 2018), which deals with Acehnese politics during the Military Operations Era. This article borrows its theoretical framework from Fairclough, Bourdieu, and Gramsci, using the concept of power relations to investigate the novels Dasamuka and Lolong Anjing di Bulan. It finds that such power relations are strongly evident in both novels, particularly in their depictions of: (1) language as capital, (2) dominance and hegemony, and (3) opposition to outside dominance. This study finds that, in these novels, power relations have economic roots. Power is exerted, for instance, through (1) the taxation of civilians by the Yogyakarta Palace and the Dutch colonial government; (2) the land rental system implemented by the British and Dutch colonial regimes, which resulted in all profits flowing to these regimes, the Palace becoming economically dependent on these regimes, and the common people being reduced to laborers, and (3) natural gas exploration in Aceh, with all profits flowing to the Indonesian and American governments. Power relations in these novels, thus, are structured by economic factors, reflecting a Marxist paradigm. This reflects the Marxist view that economic factors are foundational for the class structure of society.
KEKERASAN DALAM NOVEL LOLONG ANJING DI BULAN KARYA ARAFAT NUR: PERSPEKTIF JOHAN GALTUNG Sunarto, Scolastika Elsa Resty; Taum, Yoseph Yapi; Adji, Susilawati Endah Peni
Sintesis Vol 15, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/sin.v15i2.3816

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenulis menggunakan paradigma Werren dan Wellek yang membagi penelitian sastra atas dua pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan intrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Pendekatan intrinsik digunakan untuk menganalisis struktur cerita dalam Novel Lolong Anjing di Bulan karya Arafat Nur. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode analisis data, deskriptif kualitatif, dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak catat, dan studi pustaka. Hasil analisis struktur intrinsik pembangun cerita yang terdiri atas alur, tokoh dan penokohan, serta latar dalam Novel Lolong Anjing di Bulan karya Arafat Nur adalah sebagai berikut. Alur dalam novel terbagi atas (1) peristiwa, (2) konflik, dan (3) klimaks. Tokoh dan penokohan terbagi atas (1) tokoh utama, (2) tokoh tambahan. Latar terbagi atas (1) latar tempat, (2) latar waktu, dan (3) latar sosial. Hasil dari penelitian bentuk-bentuk kekerasan sebagai berikut. Kekerasan yang terdapat dalam novel dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu kekerasan langsung, kekerasan struktural, dan kekerasan budaya. Kekerasan langsung dalam penelitian ini masih dibagi lagi menjadi tiga, yaitu (1) kekerasan langsung terhadap tokoh utama, (2) kekerasan langsung terhadap rakyat Aceh, dan (3) kekerasan langsung terhadap perempuan. Dalam kekerasan struktural, pemerintah menjadi penggerak terjadinya peristiwa kerusuhan di Aceh. Pemerintah melalui kebijakankebijakannya telah membuat alam di Aceh terkuras, rakyat Aceh yang berjuang untuk merebut kembali juga mendapatkan penindasan dari tentara suruhan pemerintah, dan kekerasan budaya dalam penelitian ini juga masih dibagi lagi menjadi tiga, yaitu (1) Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, (2) Ideologi Islam, dan (3) kekerasan terhadap perempuan. Kata Kunci: Kekerasan Langsung, Kekerasan Struktural, Kekerasan Budaya, Johan Galtung, Deskriptif Kualitatif ABSTRACTThe author uses Werren and Wellek's paradigm which divides literary research into two approaches, namely intrinsic and extrinsic approaches. An intrinsic approach is used to analyze the structure of the story in Arafat Nur's Lolong Dog di Bulan Novel. In this study, researchers used data analysis methods, qualitative descriptive, and data collection techniques using note-taking techniques, and literature study. The results of the analysis of the intrinsic structure of the story builder consisting of plot, characters and characterizations, as well as the setting in Arafat Nur's Lolong Dog di Bulan Novel are as follows. The plot in the novel is divided into (1) events, (2) conflict, and (3) climax. Characters and characterizations are divided into (1) main character, (2) additional character. The setting is divided into (1) place setting, (2) time setting, and (3) social setting. The results of the research on forms of violence are as follows. The violence contained in the novel is divided into three, namely direct violence, structural violence, and cultural violence. Direct violence in this study is further divided into three, namely (1) direct violence against the main character, (2) direct violence against the people of Aceh, and (3) direct violence against women. In structural violence, the government became the driving force behind the riots in Aceh. The government through its policies has depleted nature in Aceh, the Acehnese who are struggling to reclaim it have also received oppression from government troops, and cultural violence in this study is still further divided into three, namely (1) the Free Aceh Movement, (2) Ideology Islam, and (3) violence against women. Keywords: Direct Violence, Structural Violence, Cultural Violence, Johan Galtung, Qualitative Descriptive
Intertekstualitas Novel Hati yang Damai Karya N. H Dini dengan Novel The Great Gatsby Karya F. Scott Fitzgerald: Perspektif Julia Kristeva Yurikoiki, Hanako; Adji, Susilawati Endah Peni; Purnomo, Christina Astrilinda
Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities Vol. 20 (2024): Prosiding Pertemuan Ilmiah Bahasa & Sastra Indonesia (PIBSI XLVI) Universitas Muhamm
Publisher : UM Purwokerto Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/pssh.v20i.1385

Abstract

Novel adalah karya imajinatif yang diciptakan penulis untuk mengaplikasikan dunia fiksi yang ia impikan. Novel sendiri juga dipengaruhi oleh unsur seperti kondisi sosial masyarakat, isu sensitif yang tabu, maupun yang lainnya. Kemunculan teks saat ini cenderung dipengaruhi oleh eksistensi teks yang sebelumnya pernah ada. Beberapa jenis teks merupakan penyerapan dan transformasi dari teks yang lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbandingan antara alur cerita perselingkuhan pada novel Hati yang Damai dan The Great Gatsby dengan perspektif Julia Kristeva, yakni intertekstualitas. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan alur, penokohan, dan latar pada unsur intrinsik, serta bentuk kajian intertekstualitasnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan objektif karena lebih menitikberatkan kajian pada aspek yang ada di dalam karya sastra. Metode studi pustaka dilakukan dengan teknik membaca dan mencatat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya kemiripan rangkaian dan akhir yang berujung dengan pertobatan dari kedua tokoh perempuan pada novel.