Mohamad Rachadian Ramadan
Reconstructive Microsurgery Section, Division Of Plastic Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Jakarta, Indonesia

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Free Flap Evaluation Following Reconstruction of Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of The Tongue Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa; Kartini, Diani; Arina, Maryam Nur; Sapphira, Elrica; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Triatmoko, Sara Ester
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 10 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14228/jprjournal.v10i2.361

Abstract

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a crucial component in the management of tongue-based locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma (LASCC) due to its ability to decrease tumor mass and facilitate free tissue transplantation. The utilization of adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy has been observed to decelerate the progression of post-operative tumor growth. Probability of free flap failure is elevated. Post-operative complications and the long-term functional outcomes of speaking, salivation, and swallowing determine the quality of free flaps. Methods: A retrospective review of tongue LASCC patients who underwent NAC followed by glossectomy and free tissue transfer from 2015 to 2018. Tongue functional outcomes of speaking, swallowing, and salivation were assessed using FACE-Q scale in 3 times follow-up period. Result: This study included 7 patients who underwent tongue reconstruction. Treatment modalities were based on tumor presentation, with 4 patients (57.1%) receiving Taxane, 5-Fluorouracil, and Paclitaxel/Doclitaxel (TPF), and 3 patients (42.1%) receiving Paclitaxel and 5-Fluorouracil (PF). Tongue reconstruction utilized the radial forearm free flap in 5 patients (71.4%) and the anterolateral thigh free flap in 2 patients (28.6%). Intraoperatively, NAC had no impact on the integrity of small and reliable donor vessels. Three patients died from tumor metastases after the second follow-up assessment, while one patient was lost to follow-up. The study found no significant association between chemotherapy dosage and free flap vitality (P = 0.629). FACE-Q assessments revealed moderate to low scores in speaking, eating, and drinking outcomes. Conclusion: Tongue reconstruction after NAC in LASCC patients remains a challenging procedure for surgeons. While the consideration of surgical difficulties due to damage of the donor vessels demands a more structured pre-operative plan. No correlation between the exposure of NAC or AR to free flap complication as well as functional outcome.
The Use Of Control Suture In Cleft Lip Surgery Sudjatmiko, Gentur; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 1 No. 6 (2012): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4663.103 KB) | DOI: 10.14228/jpr.v1i6.240

Abstract

To achieve an optimal result in cleft surgery, executing the proper designs and precise techniques are mandatory. Several techniques are proposed for the repair of unilateral and bilateral cleft lip. In 1955, Millard !rst described the techniques of advancing a lateral upper lip "ap combined with downward rotation of the medial segment.1 From experience, the above- mentioned technique may be modi!ed to facilitate better lip rotation and symmetry. Technically, it also provides a more ef!cient work"ow and more accurate results. All efforts in lip repairs have one ultimate goal, which is to achieve corrected lips with minimal scar and as much resemblance to that of the normal lips: by anatomy, symmetry, and muscle function.
Analgesia For Dressing Changes In Burns: A Systematic Review Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Wardhana, Aditya; Sugiarto, Adhrie
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 5 No. 1 (2018): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (352.367 KB) | DOI: 10.14228/jpr.v5i1.249

Abstract

Background: Intense and prolonged pain often caused by burn injuries. The greatest pain is mostly experienced during dressing changes to maintain healing and banish the infection. This review is conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety of different analgesia agents or methods for dressing changes in burn patients. Method: Searches of studies conducted from 4 electronic databases, using keywords “Analgesia”, “Dressing”, “Bandages”, “Changes” and “Burns”. We included randomized and quasi-randomized trials assessing and comparing the effects of different analgesia agents, analgesia methods for dressing changes in burns patients. We excluded trials reporting only pharmacokinetic and physiological outcomes, comparing drug dosages, with exception for those using different drugs in the same class. Result: Multiple databases search retrieved 144 studies. 17 trials are eligible involving 700 patients. Analgesia using pharmacological agents in 7 trials; 5 trials elaborating primary treatments and 2 trials as the adjunct treatment complementing the major analgesia. Two primary analgesia treatments were studying the role of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), while 3 trials using caregiver delivered. Ten trials were observing the role of non-pharmacological analgesia. Conclusion: There was inadequate evidence from comparisons tested in randomized trials to confirm the dependent effectiveness of various techniques of analgesia, individual methods, or to assess the administration of different drug adjuncts for providing analgesia during dressing changes. Given the unresolved questions about the management of these conditions, we suggest that preference should be focused on the large scale, optionally, multi-center randomized observations of the primary methods.
Early And Recent Development Of Reconstructive Microsurgery Subspeciality In Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Universitas Indonesia (1983-2020) Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Ralena, Nadhira Anindita; Triatmoko, Sara Ester; Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1118.387 KB) | DOI: 10.14228/jpr.v6i2.288

Abstract

Plastic surgery in Indonesia was pioneered and developed by Moenadjat Wiratmadja, MD., in 1958. This specialty experienced many developments and improvements over time with more specific subspecialties to facilitate the advancement of the science of plastic surgery, including the reconstructive microsurgery subspecialty. The reconstructive microsurgery service in the plastic surgery division dr. Ciptomangunkusumo National Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia was first initiated by Sidik Setiamiharja, MD., self-taught from the textbooks. In late 1985, following the success of conducting the first basic microsurgery course in Jakarta, the plastic surgery team in RSCM which consisted of Sidik Setiamihardja, MD, Chaula L. Sukasah, MD and Gentur Sudjatmiko, M.D. pioneered many of the first microsurgery cases, including the first major limb replantation, first penile replantation and the first free flap. Overtime, the reconstructive microsurgery subspecialty has been growing significantly. In 2019, the number of free flap cases at RSCM reached the highest number in Indonesia with 90 free flap cases with 94% success rate.
How To Harvest the Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Triatmoko, Sara Ester; Ralena, Nadhira Anindita
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14228/jpr.v7i1.294

Abstract

Summary: The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is the flap with various components based on perforators from the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. This flap has a number of advantages and disadvantages. It can be used to reconstruct defects after oncologic resection and coverage following amputation or to preserve limb length. The contraindications include unsuitable donor sites, inadequately debrided recipient sites, and morbid obesity. Preparations for ALT procedure consist of history taking, physical examinations, and supporting examinations.
How to Harvest The Free Fibula Flap Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Triatmoko, Sara Ester; Ralena, Nadhira Anindita
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14228/jpr.v7i1.295

Abstract

Summary: Free fibular flap (FFF) is a composite flap consisting of fibular bone and skin paddle. Muscle may be added to the flap. It has several advantages and disadvantages. The fibular free flap is well suited for any reconstruction of the head and neck. It is suitable for defects of the anterior mandibular arch or lateral defects in patients who wish to undergo osseointegrated dental reconstruction. Meanwhile, its contraindications are related to significant atherosclerotic diseases the patient has or congenital variants of the arteries. Preparations for FFF procedure consist of history taking, physical examinations and supporting examinations, like other free flaps procedure in general. Several intraoperative preparations should also be done.
How to Harvest The Radial Forearm Free Flap Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Triatmoko, Sara Ester; Ralena, Nadhira Anindita
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14228/jpr.v7i1.296

Abstract

Summary: Radial forearm flap is fasciocutaneous flap from the volar aspect of the forearm that based on the perforator of radial artery. Radial forearm free flap (RFFF) has several advantages and disadvantages. It has unique characteristic of thin and pliable tissue. It may be indicated when a defect requires a thin flap with little bulk of soft tissue or multiple skin islands are needed to be provided. Physical signs and symptoms of poor peripheral digit perfusion or healing contraindicate the harvest of the radial artery pedicle. Preparations for RFFF procedure include history taking, physical examinations and supporting examinations. Several steps of intraoperative preparations should also be conducted.
Multi-stages Aesthetic Refinement Following Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap for Head and Neck Reconstruction Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Triatmoko, Sara Ester; Arina, Maryam Nur
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (983.63 KB) | DOI: 10.14228/jpr.v7i1.298

Abstract

Introduction: Multi-stages refinement of a bulky flap after composite defects reconstruction of multiple facial units has been a challenging situation. Goals including restoration of periorbital and malar area and redefining the aesthetic aspects of the units as well as the surrounding nasolabial area with multiple refinements and microfat graft. Methods: A 50-year-old male patient with a history of solitary fibrous tumor underwent wide excision of left periorbital, infraorbital, lateral nasal sidewall, and malar area. The defect is enclosed with Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap (ALT). Bulkiness of the flap, sunken left nasolabial, and asymmetric alar nasal unit were found during outpatient follow-up. These problems lead to the necessity of refinement procedure to reduce the bulkiness to improve the aesthetic outcome of the patient. Microfat graft was the method chosen to volumized the sunken nasolabial and asymmetric alar nasal unit. Results: Patient is satisfied with the result due to improvement of alar nasal units symmetricity and reduced bulkiness of the flap area. No complication was observed. Conclusion: Meticulous planning and staging of the surgical refinement procedures in conjunction with microfat graft results in good aesthetic outcome and satisfies the patient and reduces the possibility of complications.
Microsurgical Reconstruction During Covid-19 Pandemic Setting: A Systematic Review and Clinical Applications Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Ralena, Nadhira Anindita; Triatmoko, Sara Ester
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14228/jprjournal.v8i1.321

Abstract

Introduction: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has taken almost all countries worldwide. This situation has compromised the safety and health of all medical workers, including microsurgeons. Given that there have been various articles published about the recommendations in microsurgical reconstruction during the COVID-19 pandemic, We felt compelled to compile all relevant studies about the microsurgical reconstruction in the COVID-19 pandemic setting, describe the various actions from different perspectives, as well as providing suggestions based on evidence-based medicine. Method: We did a systematic literature search using electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, Medline, Wiley, and Cochrane using keywords reconstruction, Microsurgery, coronavirus, and COVID-19. All included studies were critically appraised and reviewed. Results: Nine relevant articles were included for the final review, four of them were qualitative studies, and 5 were guidelines. Studies look at various surgeon's experiences from different healthcare systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. The focuses of the included studies are also diverse from head and neck surgery, breast surgery, limb surgery, and general Reconstructive Microsurgery. Conclusion: Microsurgical reconstruction is not suggested to perform during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is indicated only if necessary after a rigorous review by the multi-disciplinary team. A full PPE, including a Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPR) system, fit-tested N95 respirator masks, face shield, and tight-fitting eye protection goggles, are recommended in performing the surgeries.
Characterizing the Functional and Cosmetic Outcomes of Pedicled Neck Flaps in Patients Who Underwent Partial Tongue Resection: A Systematic Review Atmodiwirjo, Parintosa; Ralena, Nadhira Anindita; Ramadan, Mohamad Rachadian; Triatmoko, Sara Ester
Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi Vol. 8 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi
Publisher : Lingkar Studi Bedah Plastik Foundation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14228/jprjournal.v8i1.322

Abstract

Introduction: Pedicled flaps from infrahyoid, pectoralis major, and trapezius were commonly used for partial tongue reconstruction. Not until a free radial forearm flap was introduced. The flap is recommended for patients with tongue defects ? 50% because of its thinness, pliability, and long pedicle. This systematic review explores the functional and cosmetic outcomes of pedicled flaps from the neck region for patients who underwent partial tongue resection or hemiglossectomy. Method: A systematic literature searching was performed on PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane. Keywords included were pedicled flap, neck flap, partial tongue resection, hemiglossectomy, and partial neck surgery. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to the search results. Relevant studies were assessed for their methodological quality using appropriate instruments. Results: Four hundred and twenty-four articles were obtained from the initial literature search. The authors finally gathered 11 full-text articles comparing the pedicled neck flaps with free flaps for partial tongue resection reconstructions. Pedicled neck flaps, such as submental, infrahyoid, sternocleidomastoid, and supraclavicular artery island flap, are clinically relevant for hemiglossectomy reconstruction with comparable functional and aesthetic outcomes. Conclusion: Regional flaps would be a preferred technique in more difficult patients such as those with advanced age, poor nutrition, or multiple medical issues as they are not always acceptable surgical candidates for potentially prolonged microsurgery.