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Prevalence and Severity of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in New Students of the Abu Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah Mahad Foundation Hanafiah, Olivia Afriyanti; Rusdy, Hendry; Riza, Ahyar; Ayuni HG, Afifah; Felicia
Journal of Saintech Transfer Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Journal of Saintech Transfer
Publisher : Talenta Publisher Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/jst.v6i2.14915

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) can be defined as a clinical problem which comprises of various signs and symptoms, such as pain in the temporomandibular joint or the masticatory muscles, limits in the range of motion, deflection, and clicking/crepitation. The etiology and pathophysiology of TMD has been viewed as multifactorial and complex, few factors were trauma, stress, parafunctional habits, psychological factors, hereditary and occlusal. This community service aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of TMD in freshmen students of Mahad Abu Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah in 2022 using the Fonseca Anamnestic Index. Community service participants were 157 new students, of which 52.9% were female, and 47,1% were male. Based on the severity, 26,7% were symptom free, 46,5% had mild symptoms, 19,8% had moderate symptoms, and the remaining 7% had severe symptoms. Based on gender, most of the male participants were TMD free, while most female participants had mild TMD symptoms. In conclusion, in this community service showed high prevalence of TMD where only 26,7% of the total participants were TMD free, and the rest had TMD symptoms. Based on gender, TMD symptoms were found more in female participants. Fonseca Anamnestic Index is a useful tool in early detection of the signs and symptoms of TMD.

Uji efektivitas ekstrak kulit jengkol (Pithecellobium lobatum benth.) terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus viridans: studi eksperimental laboratoris Syaflida, Rahmi; Ramayani, Al Shella; Isnandar, Isnandar; Riza, Ahyar
Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran Vol 36, No 3 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkg.v36i3.57875

Pendahuluan: Kulit jengkol (Pithecellobium lobatum Benth.) merupakan limbah organik yang melimpah di pasar tradisional namun belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Kulit jengkol mengandung senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, flavonoid, glikosida, steroid antrakinon, tanin, saponin, dan asam fenolat yang diketahui memiliki potensi antibakteri. Senyawa-senyawa ini dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan merusak struktur peptidoglikan pada dinding sel sehingga integritas sel terganggu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit jengkol terhadap Streptococcus viridans secara in vitro. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan rancangan post-test only control group design. Ekstraksi kulit jengkol dilakukan dengan metode maserasi, kemudian dilarutkan dalam DMSO menjadi lima konsentrasi (5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%). Chlorhexidine gluconate 0,2% digunakan sebagai kontrol positif, sedangkan DMSO sebagai kontrol negatif. Uji antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer pada media MHA dengan empat kali pengulangan. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan SPSS versi 29 dengan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, homogenitas Levene test, dilanjutkan ANOVA dan Post Hoc LSD. Hasil: Rata-rata diameter zona hambat meningkat seiring konsentrasi: 5% (7,325 mm), 10% (9,550 mm), 20% (10,400 mm), 40% (11,800 mm), dan 80% (14,775 mm). Terdapat perbedaan signifikan antar kelompok (p=0,001), kecuali antara konsentrasi 10%-20%, 20%-40%, dan 80% dengan kontrol positif (p>0,05). Simpulan: Ekstrak kulit jengkol efektif menghambat pertumbuhan Streptococcus viridans secara in vitro.Effectiveness test of jengkol peel extract (Pithecellobium lobatum benth.) against Streptococcus viridans growth: a laboratory experimental studyIntroduction: Jengkol peel (Pithecellobium lobatum Benth.) is an abundant organic waste often discarded in traditional markets but remains underutilized. It contains active compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, anthraquinones, tannins, saponins, and phenolic acids, many of which exhibit antibacterial potential. These compounds can inhibit bacterial growth by disrupting the peptidoglycan structure in the bacterial cell wall, thereby compromising cell integrity. This study aimed to analyze the antibacterial effectiveness of jengkol peel extract against Streptococcus viridans in vitro. Methods: This laboratory experimental study used a post-test-only control group design. Jengkol peel was extracted using the maceration method and dissolved in DMSO to obtain five concentrations (5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%). Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.2%) served as a positive control, and DMSO as a negative control. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA), with four replicates per treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 29 with Shapiro-Wilk test for normality, Levene’s test for homogeneity, followed by one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests. Results: The mean inhibition zone diameters increased with higher concentrations: 5% (7.325 mm), 10% (9.550 mm), 20% (10.400 mm), 40% (11.800 mm), and 80% (14.775 mm). Significant differences were observed among treatment groups (p=0.001), except between 10%-20%, 20%-40%, or 80% and the positive control (p>0.05). Conclusion: Jengkol peel extract demonstrates antibacterial activity against Streptococcus viridans in vitro.

Effect of Extraction Method and Solvent Type on Total Phenolics Content, Total Flavonoid and Antioxidant Activity of Pegagan Extract (Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban) Riza, Ahyar; Syafruddin Ilyas; Endang Sjamsudin; Delyuzar Delyuzar
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v8i1.902

Background: Centella asiatica (CA) or pegagan or horse foot leaves is one of the traditional plants widely used to treat various diseases. This study aims to evaluated the content of total phenolics and total flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant activity of Centella asiatica extracts from different methods and solvents. Methods: The sample was divided into three groups, (70% ethanol maceration, methanol maceration and water infundation). Total phenolic compounds in the extract were determined by the Follin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoid content was determined by the aluminum chloride colorimetric assay method, and antioxidant activity was assessed by the immersion DPPH free radicals method. Determination data of IC50 was assessed by regression test and differences between the three extract groups were tested by ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis test. Results: The highest total phenolics and total flavonoid were obtained in Centella asiatica extract with water solvent, 251.88 ± 0.96 mg/g GAE and 7.26 ± 0.03 mg/g QE, followed by 70% ethanol and methanol. In addition, the best antioxidant activity was also shown in the extract with water, namely 24.09 ± 0.01. The difference test results between all groups showed significant results (p<0.05) in all parameters. Conclusion: The best content of total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity was obtained by infundation with water solvent. In the maceration method, the best content of the three parameters measured was obtained in the group with ethanol solvent.

Daya Antibakteri Streptococcus Mutans Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Pegagan (Centella asiatica (l.) urban) Syaflida, Rahmi; Riza, Ahyar; Rusdy, Hendry; Hasibuan, Sukri Paramita
MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal Vol 3, No 12 (2023): Volume 3 Nomor 12 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/mahesa.v3i12.12457

ABSTRACT Oral health is very important in human life, to protect it preventive measures and medication must be taken to avoid the risk of infection. Streptococcus mutans is a caries-causing bacteria which can lead to odontogenic infections. Pegagan Centella asiatica (L.) Urban plant is a plant that has various properties, including as an antibacterial, because pegagan contains various active compounds such as triterpenoid, saponin, alkaloid and tannin. This study aims to prove the effectiveness of Centella asiatica (L.) Urban as antimicrobial to Streptococcus mutans. This study was a laboratory experimental study with a research design that is post test only control group design. Kirby bauer diffusion methode was used in this study with the bacteria samples used were Streptococcus mutans bacteria and used pegagan extract (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) with several concentrations, namely 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% and negative control, namely DMSO. In this study, bacterial samples were cultured on nutrient media so that they were incubated for 24 hours and the inhibition zone formed was calculated using a caliper. The results of the research data were analyzed using the oneway Anova test and the Post Hoc LSD test. The results showed a significant difference in the diameter of the inhibition zone between 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% and negative control (p = 0.000 <0.05). In this study it can be concluded that pegagan extract (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) is effective in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20% and 40% with the most effective concentration is 40%. Keywords: Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban, Odontogenic Infections, Streptococcus Mutans ABSTRAK Kesehatan gigi dan mulut sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia, jadi untuk menjaganya harus dilakukan tindakan pencegahan dan pengobatan untuk menghindari resiko terjadinya infeksi. Streptococcus mutans merupakan bakteri penyebab karies yang dapat berlanjut menjadi menjadi infeksi odontogenik. Tumbuhan pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) merupakan tumbuhan yang memiliki bermacam khasiat diantaranya yaitu sebagai antibakteri. Dikarenakan pegagan mengandung berbagai senyawa aktif seperti triterpenoid, saponin, alkaloid dan tanin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan daya hambat ektrak Centella asiatica (L.) Urban terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorium dengan rancangan penelitian yaitu post test only control group design. Teknik difusi Kirby Bauer digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan sampel bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan menggunakan ekstrak Centella asiatica (L.) Urban dengan beberapa konsentrasi yaitu 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% dan kontrol negatif yaitu DMSO. Pada penelitian ini sampel bakteri dibiakkan pada media nutrient agar kemudian diinkubasikan selama 24 jam dan dihitung zona hambat yang terbentuk menggunakan jangka sorong. Hasil data penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji oneway Anova dan uji posthoc LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan diameter zona hambat secara signifikan antara 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% dan kontrol negatif (p =0,000<0,05). Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 20% dan 40% dengan konsentarsi paling efektif adalah 40%. Kata Kunci: Centella Asiatica (L.) Urban; Infeksi Odontogenik; Streptococcus Mutans

Effectiveness of Wuluh Starfruit Leaf (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) Extract on The Growth Streptococcus mutans In Vitro Riza, Ahyar; Hayati, Fitrah; Siregar, Indra Basar; Oes, Abdullah
Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society Vol 8, No 2 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Dentistry Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jds.v8i2.33676

Background: Starfruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) contains vitamin C, flavonoids, tannins, and triterpenoids. This active compound is reported to prevent the growth of bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans. Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of starfruit leaf extract (Averrhoa bilimbi Linn) in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans. Method: This type of research is true experimental with a post-test-only control design, where this research uses the Kirby-Baur diffusion method with samples of Streptococcus mutans bacteria and uses wuluh leaf extract with concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6 .25%, 3.125%. And DMSO solution as a negative control. Results: The formation of a clear zone shows the ability of starfruit leaf extract to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans, with an average inhibitory diameter of 12.05 0.7188, 9.50 0.3464.8, 65 0.2380, 7.80 0.4546, 6.78 0.8016. Conclusion: Based on the research results, it can be concluded that Averrhoa bilimbi Linn can inhibit Streptococcus mutans.

Effectiveness of Ethanol Extract of Eugenia polyantha Wigh in Inhibiting Streptococcus mutans Syaflida, Rahmi; Riza, Ahyar; Siregar, Indra Basar; Ravichandran, Pavitra
Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society Vol 8, No 1 (2023): June 2023
Publisher : Dentistry Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jds.v8i1.33342

Background: Many microorganisms can be found within the oral cavity, including Streptococcus mutans. The introduction of oral bacteria into the bloodstream can lead to the occurrence of bacteremia and subsequent development of systemic diseases. Traditional medicine uses specific ingredients or herbs employed over successive generations and is widely believed to possess medicinal properties. One example is the bay leaf, scientifically known as Eugenia polyantha Wight. Objective. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of bay leaf extract (Eugenia polyantha Wight.) in inhibiting Streptococcus mutans. Materials and Methods: This type of research is an experimental laboratory with Post-test Only Control Group Design. Testing the effectiveness of antibacterial in this study using the diffusion method by diluting bay leaf extract using DMSO solvent into five concentrations, namely 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%, with a sample size of 4 for each concentration. Results: The results showed that bay leaf extract concentrations of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125% showed a clear zone around the disc paper in Muller Hinton Agar as a medium for the breeding of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The formation of a clear zone indicates that the ability of bay leaf extract inhibits the growth of Streptococcus mutans with a mean diameter of inhibition of 10.4 0.2944 mm; 8.9 0.7500 mm; 7.1 0.3202 mm; 6.9 0.2944 mm; and 6.4 0.1826 mm. Conclusion: Eugenia polyantha Wight can inhibit the development of Streptococcus mutans. A concentration of 50% is the best in inhibiting the development of Streptococcus mutans based on the growth zone of bacteria.

Effect of Extraction Method and Solvent Type on Total Phenolics Content, Total Flavonoid and Antioxidant Activity of Pegagan Extract (Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban) Riza, Ahyar; Syafruddin Ilyas; Endang Sjamsudin; Delyuzar Delyuzar
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v8i1.902

Background: Centella asiatica (CA) or pegagan or horse foot leaves is one of the traditional plants widely used to treat various diseases. This study aims to evaluated the content of total phenolics and total flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant activity of Centella asiatica extracts from different methods and solvents. Methods: The sample was divided into three groups, (70% ethanol maceration, methanol maceration and water infundation). Total phenolic compounds in the extract were determined by the Follin-Ciocalteu method, total flavonoid content was determined by the aluminum chloride colorimetric assay method, and antioxidant activity was assessed by the immersion DPPH free radicals method. Determination data of IC50 was assessed by regression test and differences between the three extract groups were tested by ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis test. Results: The highest total phenolics and total flavonoid were obtained in Centella asiatica extract with water solvent, 251.88 ± 0.96 mg/g GAE and 7.26 ± 0.03 mg/g QE, followed by 70% ethanol and methanol. In addition, the best antioxidant activity was also shown in the extract with water, namely 24.09 ± 0.01. The difference test results between all groups showed significant results (p<0.05) in all parameters. Conclusion: The best content of total phenolic, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity was obtained by infundation with water solvent. In the maceration method, the best content of the three parameters measured was obtained in the group with ethanol solvent.

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