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All Journal Journal of Judicial Review AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Journal of Authentic Research
Arifin, Muhamad Zainal
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Religion Humanities Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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From Prison to Community: Reconstructing Community Service Sentencing as Ius Constituendum in the Reform of Indonesia’s Criminal Procedure Code Asis, Asis; Yakin, Bisma Ainul; Arhabi, Muhammad Farhan; Arifin, Muhamad Zainal
Journal of Judicial Review Vol. 27 No. 2 (2025): December 2025
Publisher : Universitas Internasional Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37253/jjr.v27i2.10333

Abstract

Community service sentence is a form of non-custodial punishment aimed at shifting the orientation of penal policy from a retributive approach towards a more corrective and restorative one. This type of punishment provides an opportunity for perpetrators of minor offenses to amend their wrongdoing through tangible contributions to society without having to serve imprisonment. However, to date, the regulation of community service sentencing remains legally unregulated within the Indonesian criminal procedural system, particularly in the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP). This legal vacuum has resulted in the absence of an adequate legal basis for judges and law enforcement officials to impose and implement such a sentence. This article aims to examine community service punishment as a form of ius constituendum, namely, law that ought to be enacted in the future, within the framework of KUHAP reform. By employing normative and conceptual approaches, this article explores the urgency, rationality, and regulatory direction of community service sentencing within the national penal system. The findings indicate that the inclusion of community service punishment in the forthcoming KUHAP is crucial to realizing a more proportional, humane penal system that aligns with the principles of corrective justice and the demands of a modern criminal justice system. This article further argues that the current legal vacuum reflects the unresponsiveness of Indonesia’s criminal justice system, and calls for a responsive legal framework in line with the theory of responsive law, ensuring that legal reforms are attuned to evolving societal needs and values of justice.
Analisis Kausalitas dalam Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Korupsi Pasca Mutasi Jabatan: Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 8681 K/Pid.Sus/2025 Arifin, Muhamad Zainal; Wiyono, Bambang; Sa’dullah, Muhammad
AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis
Publisher : Perhimpunan Sarjana Ekonomi dan Bisnis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37481/jmh.v6i1.1904

Abstract

This study examines criminal liability for corruption committed by public officials after job mutation, with particular attention to the application of causality theory in Supreme Court Decision Number 8681 K/Pid.Sus/2025. The legal issue arises from the temporal gap between administrative actions taken during the defendant’s tenure and the emergence of state losses after the official no longer held the relevant position. This situation raises questions regarding the limits of criminal responsibility and the existence of a legally relevant causal link. The research aims to analyze how the Supreme Court constructed criminal liability and applied causality theory in determining responsibility under such circumstances. Using a normative juridical method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches, this study analyzes legislation, judicial decisions, and doctrinal theories on criminal liability and causation. The findings show that the defendant’s administrative recommendation, issued lawfully during his tenure, did not have a direct and adequate causal relationship with the unlawful land sale conducted by third parties several years later. The emergence of an intervening cause and the loss of control after job mutation indicate a break in the chain of causation. This study concludes that the application of causality theory in corruption cases must be proportional and consistent with the principles of tempus delicti, individual criminal responsibility, and legal certainty.
Analisis Retorika Pidato Kenegaraan Presiden Prabowo Subianto Dalam  Sidang Tahunan MPR RI 2025(Sebagai Alternatif Teknik Pembelajaran Berbicara pada Siswa) Paridah, Sopi; Kulsum, Umi; Arifin, Muhamad Zainal
Journal of Authentic Research Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : LITPAM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/srh8tv62

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi retorika dalam pidato kenegaraan Presiden Prabowo Subianto pada Sidang Tahunan MPR RI Tahun 2025 serta relevansinya sebagai alternatif teknik pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara siswa. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya keterampilan berbicara sebagai salah satu keterampilan berbicara sebagai salah satu keterampilan berbahasa produktif yang tidak hanya menuntut kelancaran berbahasa, tetapi juga kemampuan menyampaikan gagasan secara logis, persuasif, dan berkarakter. Dalam konteks pembelajaran, diperlukan teknik yang kontekstual dan inspiratif agar siswa mampu mengembangkan keterampilan berbicara secara efektif. Salah satu alternatif teknik pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan adalah teknik pemodelan pidato retoris, yaitu pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara melalui penyajian contoh pidato yang autentik sebagai model bagi siswa dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berbicara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teori Aristoteles yaitu ethos, pathos, dan logos. Data penelitian berupa video pidato Presiden Prabowo Subianto melalui kanal YouTube Kompas.com dan dianalisis melalui dokumentasi dan transkripsi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi, mengklasifikasi, dan menafsirkan data berdasarkan unsur ethos, pathos, dan logos, serta mengaitkannya dengan indikator keterampilaan berbicara siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Presiden Prabowo Subianto dominan dan konsisten menggunakan strategi retorika Aristoteles, strategi ethos untuk membangun kredibilitas dan citra dirinya sebagai seorang pemimpin, lalu pathos digunakan untuk membangkitkan emosional dan empati audiens, dan logos digunakan untuk menyampaikan argumen logis dan disertai data. Strategi retorika tersebut sejalan dengan keterampilan berbicara siswa yaitu sikap dan ekspresi, kejelasan pengucapan (artikulasi), ketepatan diksi, keterpaduan isi (koherensi), kesesuaian isi dengan tema, sikap dan ekspresi, intonasi dan volume suara. Oleh karena itu, pidato kenegaraan Presiden Prabowo Subianto dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif teknik pembelajaran keterampilan berbicara yang kontekstual, reflektif, dan inspiratif bagi siswa khususnya pada jejang SMA/MA/SMK kelas XI.
Co-Authors Arhabi, Muhammad Farhan Asis, Asis Bambang Wiyono, Bambang Paridah, Sopi Sa’dullah, Muhammad Umi Kulsum Yakin, Bisma Ainul