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Karakterisasi Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Katalis CaO/SiO2 dari Ekstrak Cangkang Telur dan Sekam Padi Amrullah, Shafwan; Oktaviananda, Cyrilla
Jurnal Pengendalian Pencemaran Lingkungan (JPPL) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): JPPL, September 2024
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (P3M), Politeknik Negeri Cilacap

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35970/jppl.v6i2.2418

Abstract

Renewable energy currently has great attention to world energy security. This is because fossil-based oil reserves are depleting. One alternative renewable energy is biodiesel. The current price of biodiesel production is still relatively expensive. So this study aims to make cheap biodiesel from used cooking oil. The catalyst used is CaO/SiO2 from egg shell waste and rice husks with a ratio of 50:50 w/w. The study was conducted by making catalysts with certain calcinations and characterizing the catalyst using the Surface Area Analyzer (SAA). Furthermore, biodiesel was made through esterification and transesterification processes. The CaO/SiO2 catalyst produced has a total surface area of ​​31.958 m2/gram. This value has met the standard for the surface area of ​​heterogeneous catalysts. The yield of biodiesel produced from the amount of catalyst 5; 10; and 15 grams were respectively 80%, 81%, and 86%. The density of biodiesel decreases with increasing levels of catalyst used. The density of biodiesel with catalyst amounts of 5, 10, and 15 grams were 890, 860, and 870 kg/m3, respectively. These values ​​have met SNI 7162:2015. The resulting kinematic viscosity decreased slightly with increasing amounts of catalyst used. The kinematic viscosity produced from catalyst amounts of 5; 10; and 15 grams were 3.1; 3.1; and 3.0 mm2/s, respectively. The FFA content of biodiesel tended to decrease with increasing amounts of catalyst used. The results of this study have not met the standard for FFA content of biodiesel, which is a maximum of 0.5 mg-KOH/g. The resulting FFA content was 0.64%, 0.65%, and 0.64%, respectively. Increasing the amount of catalyst used caused an increase in methyl ester stearate. The yields of methyl ester stearate produced based on the amount of catalyst 5, 10, and 15 grams were 80.3%; 91.4%; and 95.8%, respectively.
Pembuatan Kertas Seni Dari Kombinasi Limbah Serbuk Kayu Sengon Dan Ampas Tebu Dengan Sizing Agent Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) Menggunakan Metode Soda Pulping Sutanti, Sri; Oktaviananda, Cyrilla; Tri Utami Handhayani, Endah; Selin Orxellina, Elsa
Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Kimia Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL ILMIAH TEKNIK KIMIA
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Universitas Pamulang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32493/jitk.v8i2.41252

Abstract

Penelitian pembuatan kertas seni dari limbah serbuk kayu sengon dan ampas tebu ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio serbuk kayu sengon dengan ampas tebu (100%:0%; 75%;25%; 50%;50%; 25%:75%; 0%:100%) terhadap karakteristik kertas seni yang dihasilkan. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimen menggunakan RAL faktorial dan 3 kali ulangan serta analisis secara deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan basis bahan baku 25g dengan tahapan proses: 1) Size reduction dan screening serbuk kayu sengon dan ampas tebu menjadi ukuran 80 mesh, analisis kadar air dan kadar serat, serta membuat larutan NaOH 6%; 2) Pulping dengan larutan NaOH 6% sebanyak 1 : 20 (v/b), dalam autoclave pada suhu 120oC selama 1 jam; 3) Refinning dan pengeringan pulp; 4) Bleaching pulp dengan H2O2 sebanyak 5% pada suhu 60oC selama 1 jam; 5) Refinning (pencucian) pulp; 6) Blending pulp dengan air (1 : 8), sizing agent CMC (40%), dan plasticizer gliserol (40%) pada suhu 60 – 70oC selama 30 menit; 7) Mencetak kertas; 8) Pengeringan kertas. Kertas dianalisis gramatur, ketebalan kertas, kekuatan tarik, morfologi, dan warna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi ampas tebu terhadap serbuk kayu sengon dapat menurunkan gramatur 18,72% - 49,05%, ketebalan kertas 2,64% - 9,62%, tetapi menaikkan ketahanan tarik 66,78% - 70,44%, dan warna kertas lebih cerah.
Karakterisasi Mesin Perajang Porang (Amorphophallus meullleri) Berdasarkan Variasi Kecepatan Putaran Mesin dan Karakteristik Fisik Chip Porang Amrullah, Shafwan; Oktaviananda, Cyrilla; Asruldin, Asruldin
Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pertanian Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2023): Vol. (15) No. 2, Oktober 2023
Publisher : Agriculture Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17969/jtipi.v15i2.28162

Abstract

Porang tubers or in Latin Amorphallus meulleri is a type of tuber plant that is currently getting special attention from the world. Indonesia is one of the largest suppliers. The benefits of porang tubers, apart from being a supplier of starch, are also a source of medicine. Porang tubers are currently an Indonesian export commodity, but in the form of chips. The existence of this condition certainly forces these exporters to innovate to develop porang products in the form of chips. Therefore, in this study, the design and manufacture of a porang chopper machine into chips was carried out. The research continued by testing the characteristics of the machine by testing variations in engine speed (600, 700, and 800 rpm) on engine performance (cutting capacity, average thickness, percentage of damage, percentage of material left behind, and energy, and cost), one of which was marked with the machine's success in creating perfect porang chips based on export standards. The results of this study show the best average cutting capacity at 700 rpm is 917,113 kg/hour. The best average thickness is also at 700 rpm which is 5,9991 mm. The best percentage of damaged material is 600 rpm, which is the smallest with a value of 15,53%. The smallest amount of material left behind is 600 rpm, which is 7.2%. The lowest energy use in this variation is at 800 rpm, which is 0.346 mL, so the smallest cost in terms of fuel consumption is at 800 rpm, which is Rp. 3,460.
Workshop Pembuatan Hand Soap Kepada Kelompok Gerai Kopi & Mi Kelurahan Padangsari, Kecamatan Banyumanik: Menuju UMKM Sehat dan Produktif Rahayu, Lucia Hermawati; Purnavita, Sari; Oktaviananda, Cyrilla
Palawa: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/palawa.v1i1.7040

Abstract

Pandemi Covid-19 yang melanda dunia hingga saat ini telah mengubah masyarakat dengan kebiasaan hidup baru (new normal life), dimana aktivitas di luar rumah dilakukan dengan mematuhi protokol kesehatan yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Pandemi covid membawa dampak sosial ekonomi bagi masyarakat, antara lain lesunya ekonomi akibat turunnya ekonomi masyarakat. Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat berupa workshop pembuatan hand soap ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan kepada mitra pengabdian tentang proses pembuatan produk hand soap dan gambaran peluang wirausaha untuk membantu meningkatkan ekonomi mereka. Selain itu untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya mencuci tangan dengan menggunakan hand soap sebagai bentuk perlindungan dan pencegahan diri dari serangan virus corona di masa pandemi, Mitra Pengabdian Masyarakat ini adalah para pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Kelurahan Padangsari, Semarang, yang tergabung dalam Kelompok Gerai Kopi & Mi Padangsari. Kegiatan pengabdian dilaksanakan dalam tiga sesi, yaitu kegiatan penyuluhan dan pemberian materi, pelatihan pembuatan hand soap, serta pelatihan perhitungan harga pokok produk (HPP) dan gambaran berwirausaha. Hasil dari rangkaian kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat adalah mitra menunjukkan respon positif dan antusias dengan materi dan praktek pembuatan hand soap yang diberikan karena relevan dengan era new normal, Keunggulan pembuatan hand soap ini adalah bahan yang dibutuhkan mudah didapatkan di pasaran dengan harga terjangkau, peralatan dan prosedur pembuatannya sederhana dan mudah dipahami, serta dapat diimplementasikan sebagai produk untuk berwirausaha. Usai mengikuti kegiatan workshop, mitra sangat termotivasi untuk memproduksi hand soap, selain untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sendiri sehingga dapat menghemat pengeluaran keluarga, juga akan dipasarkan untuk meningkatkan ekonomi guna mewujudkan UMKM sehat dan produktif.Kata kunci: handsoap, sabun, protokol kesehatan, wirausaha Abstract. The Covid-19 pandemic that has hit the world until now has changed people with new living habits, where activities outside the home are carried out by complying with the health protocols set by the government. The Covid pandemic has had socio-economic impacts on the community, including the economic slowdown due to the community's economic downturn. This Community Service activity in the form of a hand soap making workshop aims to provide knowledge and skills to service partners about the process of making hand soap products and an overview of entrepreneurial opportunities to help improve their economy. In addition, to increase public awareness of the importance of washing hands using hand soap as a form of protection and self-prevention from the corona virus attack during the pandemic, these Community Service Partners are the perpetrators of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) Padangsari Village, Semarang, who are members of the Padangsari Coffee & Noodle Outlets Group. The service activities were carried out in three sessions, namely counseling training and providing materials, as well as training on making hand soap, as well as training on the cost of product (HPP) and entrepreneurship overview. The result of a series of Community Service activities is that partners show a positive and enthusiastic response to the materials and practices of making hand soap that are provided because they are relevant to the new normal era. simple and easy to reach, and can be implemented as a product for entrepreneurship. After participating in the workshop, partners are very interested in producing hand soap, in addition to meeting their own needs so that they can save family expenses, they will also be marketed to increase the economy in order to create healthy and productive MSMEs.Keywords: entrepreneurship, handsoap, health protocol, soap
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kelurahan Brumbungan, Kecamatan Semarang Tengah, Kota Semarang Melalui Pembuatan Sabun Cair Oktaviananda, Cyrilla; Pratiwi, Mumpuni Asih; Purnavita, Sari; Cahyani, Intan Dwi; Argananda, Jasmine Aulia
Palawa: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 2 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/palawa.v2i2.9905

Abstract

Kantor kelurahan Brumbungan terletak di Jalan Brumbungan RT 8 RW 5 Kecanatan Semarang Tengah. Jumlah penduduk kelurahan Brumbungan per Oktober 2023 adalah sebesar 3.354 jiwa dengan 1.502 KK. Penduduk Perempuan berjumlah 1.876 jiwa. Jumlah ini 400an jiwa lebih banyak dibandingkan penduduk laki-laki. Jumlah penduduk perempuan yang lebih banyak diasumsikan bahwa sejumlah 400an perempuan merupakan tulang punggung keluarga. Untuk itu, diperlukan upaya-upaya aktif untuk menambah keterampilan perempuan di Kelurahan Brumbungan agar dapat berdaya ubah dan berdaya guna bagi lingkungan terlebih bagi keluarganya sendiri. Keprihatinan ini mendorong Ibu Lurah Kelurahan Brumbungan untuk mengundang tim pengabdian kepada masyarakat Prodi D3 Teknik Kimia Politeknik Katolik Mangunwijaya untuk mengadakan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam bentuk workshop pembuatan sabun cair. Sabun cair yang dipilih adalah sabun cuci piring. Sabun cuci piring dipilih karena selain bahan baku yang digunakan mudah didapat dengan harga yang murah, produk sabun cuci piring juga mudah dipasarkan karena merupakan salah satu produk kebutuhan rumah tangga. Seluruh peserta workshop antusias mengikuti kegiatan. Peserta workshop berkomitmen untuk meneruskan ilmu yang didapatkan menjadi sarana untuk berwirausaha demi peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga.