de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares
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Assessing the Radiographic Position of the Mental Forament in a Brazillian Population Pasquali, Jordan Gasparetto; Narazaki, Nathan Dyoji; Franco, Ademir; Vieira, Iran; Fernandes, Ângela; de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 24, No. 1
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The mental foramen is a clinically important landmark for several clinical dental procedures. The aim of this study is to assess the anatomic position of the mental foramen (MF) in panoramic radiographs of a Brazilian population. The sample consisted of 2,100 panoramic radiographs, obtained from 8,600 clinical files from the School of Dentistry at the Universidade Federal do Paraná. Two calibrated examiners investigated the MF according to the classification of Tebo and Telford, which locates the right and left MF into 6 different positions in relation to the apex of the adjacent teeth. Results: The MFs were similarly distributed between the apices of the mandibular premolars (class III) and below the apex of the mandibular second premolar (class IV). More specifically, on the right side 41.8% (n = 878) of the MFs were classified as class III, while 47.52% (n = 998) were classified as class IV. On the left side 42.47% (n = 892) were classified as class III, while 47.38% (n = 995) were classified as class IV. The results indicate that MFs are often located adjacent to the apex of the mandibular second premolar. However, slight variations may occur in the positioning of the MF to the mesial direction. Clinicians and surgeons must be aware of the position of the MF and its potential variations prior to anaesthetics and surgical procedures in the mandible.
Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Potential of Smoke Crack Cocaine on the Epithelium of the Human Oral Mucosa de Lima, Raphaela Cássia; Ferraz, Priscila; Chaiben, Cassiano Lima; Fernandes, Ângela; Grégio, Ana Maria Trindade; Machado, Maria Ângela Naval; Azevedo-Alanis, Luciana Reis; de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 23, No. 2
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Crack cocaine is an illicit drug derived from cocaine. It can produce some damages to the lungs and oral cavity. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of micronuclei and some nuclear alterations in epithelial cells of crack cocaine users. Methods: Oral smears were collected from clinically normal-appearing buccal mucosa exfoliative cytology of 30 individuals (15 crack cocaine users and 15 controls). Results: Crack cocaine users consumed about 3.8 grams per day and the time consumption of the drug was of 6.4 (+3.3) years. The prevalence of micronuclei, binucleated cells, broken egg cells, budding cells, picnosis, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis was determined. The frequencies of micronuclei for case and control groups were, respectively, 2.87 + 3.46 and 0.57 + 1.6 (p=0.018). No statistical difference was observed for binucleated cells, broken egg cells, budding cells, picnosis, and karyolysis. The frequency of karyorrhexis was significantly increased on crack cocaine users than controls (54.07 + 38.58 and 24.87 + 23.97, p=0.001). Conclusion: Smoke crack might have a cytotoxic and genotoxic effects to the oral mucosa due to increased frequency of micronuclei and karyorrhexis. Thus, individuals who used crack cocaine in the long term need to be frequently examined in order to prevent neoplastic transformation.
Exfoliative Cytology in the Oral Mucosa of Patients with Fanconi Anaemia: A Morphometric Approach Machado, Maria Angela Naval; D’Agulham, Anna Clara Duszczak; Chaiben, Cassiano Lima; Castro, Andrea Santos; Bonfim, Carmem Maria Sales Sales; de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 24, No. 1
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Patients with Fanconi anaemia (FA) are prone to develop squamous cell carcinomas at an early age. Exfoliativecytology can be used to detect changes to the health of the oral mucosa. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate morphometrical and morphological changes using exfoliative cytology and to analyse and quantify the proliferative activity using silver nucleolar organiser regions (AgNOR) in epithelial cells of the tongue in FA patients, after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods: Oral smears were collected from the tongues of 20 FA children and adolescents after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (FA) and 20 healthy children (C) using exfoliative cytology. The smears were stained using the Papanicolaou technique and silver impregnation. The cells were morphologically analysed and the nuclear area (NA), the cytoplasmic area (CA), and the nucleusto-cytoplasm area ratio (NA/CA) were calculated. Results: Mean values for the FA and C groups were: NA (71.85 and 55.21μm²; p< 0.01); CA (2127.48 and 1441.61μm²; p< 0.01); NA/CA (0.03 and 0.04; p< 0.01), respectively. A significant increase in the NA and CA for the FA group (p< 0.01) was seen, and an alteration in the NA/CA ratio. No morphological differences were found between the groups. Class I smears were predominant in both groups. No differences were found between the groups for the mean values of AgNORs per nucleus. Conclusion: This study suggests that morphological changes occurred in the oral epithelium cells of children and adolescents with Fanconi anaemia when subjected to HSCT.
Oral Ulcers Induced by Cytomegalovirus Infection: Report on Two Cases Ribas, Renata; de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 24, No. 2
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Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a virus that can compromise the lungs and the liver and cause infection in the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, this virus can cause infectious mononucleosis syndrome, infection in the CNS, and retinitis. Moreover, it has been associated with the development of oral hairy leukoplakia and ulcers. Objective: To report two cases of patients with HIV with oral manifestations associated with CMV infection. Case Report: In the first case, the patient sought medical attention, with complaints of weakness, fever, cough, and weight loss. In the second case, the patient complained of weakness and blurred vision for about a week. Both patients were infected with HIV and made irregular use of antiretroviral therapy. Several ulcers were observed in the mouth that caused much discomfort. The diagnosis of CMV infection was defined by the following tests: enzyme immunoassay fluorescence-CMV IgG and PCR for CMV in real time. Ganciclovir has been used in the treatment of patients, and oral ulcerations received symptomatic treatment. Conclusion: The dentist must be aware that CMV may also be responsible for the development of ulcers in the oral cavity, especially in immunocompromised patients.
Salivary Changes in Patients Hospitalized for Complications of HIV Infection/AIDS: A Study Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry Klamas, Vanessa Cavassin; Ventura, Mateus Anhaia; Baika, Loana Mara; Kamei, Adryano Arana; Naka, Jhonatan Yukio; Chaiben, Cassiano Lima; Grassi, Marco Tadeu; de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 30, No. 2
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Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the salivary flow and levels of major salivary ions of HIV-infected individuals. Methods: One hundred and two participants (18 - 74 years of age) were divided into two groups (51 HIV - infected patients and 51 controls) and had a saliva sample collected. Salivary flow rate was measured gravimetrically. Levels of salivary sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Results: The mean salivary flow of subjects with HIV infection was significantly higher when compared to controls (Case group = 1.0 mL/min + 0.63 / Control group = 0.7 mL/min + 0.46; p = 0.012). Sodium, potassium and calcium levels were significantly higher in the saliva of the patients HIV infection when compared to controls. There was no difference between the salivary levels of magnesium and phosphorus ions between groups. Conclusion: Based on these findings, it can be concluded that individuals with HIV / AIDS develop salivary changes. Thus, these patients need a greater attention to oral health by dentists, since salivary changes induced by the disease can lead to impairment in the oral condition.
Case Report and X-ray Microtomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of Teeth with Hypocalcified Amelogenesis Imperfecta Marinoni, Rodrigo W; Silva, Thiago G; Benato, Leonardo S; Rumbelsperger, Anelize M B; de Lima, Antonio Adilson Soares
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 30, No. 3
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Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a genetic disease characterized by producing morphological and structural changes in tooth enamel. Objective: To highlight the morphological changes observed in teeth with hypocalcified AI based on scanning electron microscopy and microtomography analysis. Case report: An adult male had teeth seriously compromised by hypocalcified AI. The treatment plan involved removal of third molars followed by restorative and prosthetic treatment. After extraction, the teeth were analyzed by SEM and X-ray microtomography (microCT). Teeth with AI revealed the presence of microfractures arranged from the outer surface to the center of the enamel. Microfractures had a cracked or “cracked ground” pattern. SEM confirmed the presence of microfractures and distortion in the orientation of the enamel prisms in some regions. Conclusion: Teeth of patients with hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta IIIA subtype show significant structural changes that are closely related with the ease of fractures.