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All Journal Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Makara Journal of Health Research
Ahmad, Rohana
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Dentistry

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Impact of Tooth Loss and Preferences for Tooth Replacement Among Clinic Attendees at a Public University Fang, Hew Pei; En, Lee Jia; Meei, Tew In; Ahmad, Rohana; Abdul Aziz, Aznida Firzah; Said, Shahida Mohd; Mohd Dom, Tuti Ningseh
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 25, No. 2
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Tooth loss is considered a major end-point sequela of preventable oral diseases. In Malaysia, tooth mortality is a common oral health problem. Objective: To assess the impact of tooth loss, preferences for tooth replacement, and the relationship between impact of tooth loss and number of missing teeth. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional survey involved 244 patients attending a primary health center and dental clinic at a public university. The respondents completed self-administered questionnaires on personal background, tooth replacement status, impact of tooth loss using a 12-item modified Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and preferences for tooth replacement. A dental examination was performed to determine the number of missing teeth. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 56.2 years (standard deviation [SD], 8.1 years). The mean number of missing teeth was 8.3; 62.7% of patients had at least 20 natural teeth. The majority were not wearing a dental prosthesis. The mean GOHAI score was 16.3. Of the patients, 66.0% experienced some food biting difficulty, 59.4% worried about oral health, and 57.8% experienced eating discomfort. Dental implants were the most preferred replacement option (38.9%). The GOHAI scores were not related to the number of missing teeth. Conclusion: Tooth loss and use of dental prostheses had some impact on quality of life, although the impact was not high.
The Value of Panoramic Radiograph as a Screening Tool Prior to Complete Denture Construction: A Restrospective Study Ahmad, Rohana; Affandi, Nurul Farahida; Ayub, Nur Aliya Filza Mohd; Mustafa, Nur Atikah; Yusof, Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd; Dom, Tuti Ningseh Mohd
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 26, No. 2
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Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of detecting abnormal radiographic findings from a diagnostic panoramic radiograph of edentulous patients prior to complete denture constructions. Methods: We reviewed the dental records and panoramic radiographs of 194 edentulous patients receiving complete denture treatment over a 5-year period. We identified cases with recorded abnormal radiographic findings which did or did not require intervention prior to complete denture fabrication. Results: Radiographic abnormalities were detected in 24 of 194 cases (13%), of which 11 cases (6%) required intervention prior to denture construction. Of those 11 cases, 7 had a retained root which required extraction and 4 had irregular ridges which required alveoloplasty. The remaining 170 patients (87%) had no abnormal findings detected on their panoramic radiographs. Conclusion: Abnormal radiographic findings that affect denture construction were only found in 6% of patients, similar to the previous reports. Therefore, taking panoramic radiographs prior to complete denture construction offers insignificant clinical value and should, thus, be discontinued as a screening tool.
Comparison of External Root Resorption in Orthodontic Treatment between Self-Ligating and Conventional Bracket Systems Bohari, Nuriah; Koah, Noor Airin; Ahmad, Rohana
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 26, No. 3
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The relationship between orthodontic bracket systems and external root resorption has remained debatable. Objective: This study compared the magnitude and pattern of the external root resorption of maxillary incisors as induced by self-ligating and conventional bracket systems via cone beam computed tomography and medical imaging programs. Methods: Eight participants were recruited for each bracket system. Their maxillary incisors were scanned at the beginning (T0) and 18 months into treatment (T1). Three-dimensional models of the four maxillary incisors at T0 and T1 were reconstructed using the Mimics program. The difference in root length between T0 and T1 models represented external root resorption. Wilcoxon signed rank and Mann–Whitney tests were conducted to compare resorption within groups and between groups, respectively. The two models were also superimposed in the 3-matic program to reveal the pattern and magnitude of resorption as induced by the different complexities of tooth movement. Results: The root resorption in both groups was significant. The mean root resorption of the conventional system ranged from 0.14 mm to 0.51 mm, whereas the mean root resorption of the self-ligating system varied from 0.16 mm to 0.42 mm, but the mean difference between the groups was not significant. However, the pattern and magnitude of root resorption noticeably differed when the teeth were subjected to different complexities of tooth movement. Conclusion: The magnitude and pattern of root resorption seemed independent of the type of bracket system used but appeared dependent on the complexity of tooth movement.
Revisiting a Funding Model for University-led Dental Clinics: The Case of Complete Denture Fabrication Ahmad, Rohana; Zul, Nur Amalina; Mohtar, Siti Anisah; Tennant, Marc; Mohd-Dom, Tuti Ningseh
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 27, No. 2
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Objectives: University-led dental clinics are rarely seen as core to the national healthcare system. Thus, when publicly funded universities experience a decline in government support, dental clinic services operated by students are confronted by a potentially inadequate operating budget. Prompted by the need for strategic resource allocation, this study seeks to quantify the resources consumed in the construction of complete dentures by undergraduate students in an effort to identify opportunities for cost-cutting measures. Methods: Clinical cases were retrieved from the logbooks of graduating students of Class 2015, and patient records were reviewed to identify and quantify all clinical and laboratory procedures involved in constructing a set of complete dentures. Cost estimation was carried out using the activity-based method on the basis of direct medical costs. Results: A total of 83 patient records were reviewed. The average number of visits required to fabricate a set of complete dentures was 10 (range, 6–20 visits) with an average total cost of MYR2131±538 (€450±114). The number of visits contributed substantially to the total cost, and procedures requiring multiple visits included secondary impression and jaw relation recording. The major cost components were dental equipment (44%), laboratory costs (28%), dental consumables (17%), salaries (7%), and dental instruments (3%). Conclusion: The operating cost for training students in denture fabrication is substantial. Schools should formulate strategies to reduce the number of patient visits by ensuring that students optimize the time spent per visit. A financially sustainable model to fund dental training is necessary to ensure that quality of care is not compromised in university-led clinics.
The Relationship of Facial Measurements with the Mesiodistal Width of the Maxillary Anterior Teeth Aziz, Nur Ilyana Aifa; Che Mohd, Nadia; Baharuddin, Izyan Hazwani; Rajali, Aiemeeza; Lim, Tong Wah; Tan, Su Keng; Ahmad, Rohana
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 28, No. 3
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The relationship between facial measurements and the size of the maxillary anterior teeth in the Malaysian population is still a point of contention. Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish a relationship between facial measurements and the mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth (MDW), which could be used to guide the selection of anterior teeth for complete denture construction. Methods: The facial and dental measurements were obtained directly from 170 Malay adults aged between 19 to 35 who had morphologically normal permanent maxillary anterior teeth from canine to canine. The facial dimensions measured were interpupillary distance (IPD), intercanthal distance (ICD) and interalar distance (IAD). The facial dimensions were measured using a digital vernier calliper while the mesiodistal width of the maxillary anterior teeth was measured with a flexible ruler. The three facial dimensions were correlated with MDW for both genders. Results:The IPD and IAD were significantly (p>0.001) larger in males (IPD: 68.30±4.24mm; IAD: 39.60±2.54mm) than in females (IPD: 65.93±3.91mm; IAD: 36.96±2.29). There was no significant correlation between any of the facial dimensions and MDW in males or females. Conclusion: For the studied population, the interpupillary, intercanthal, and interalar distances may not be used as reliable guides when determining the size of maxillary anterior teeth in complete denture construction.
Comparative Analysis of Proteomics Biomarkers Associated with Residual Ridge Resorption Induced by Denture Wear Ahmad, Rohana; Mohamad Napi, Ainin Sofia; Lim, Tong Wah; Tan, Su Keng; Karsani, Saiful Anuar; Mazlan, Musalmah; Teh, Lay Kek; Morgano, Steven M; Baba, Nadim Z
Makara Journal of Health Research Vol. 25, No. 2
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Background: The biochemical bone turnover markers for residual ridge resorption (RRR) are unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the biochemical bone turnover markers associated with RRR by comparing proteomics between the compressed mucosa of denture wearers and the non-compressed mucosa of non-denture wearers. Methods: The mucosal specimens of 11 complete-denture wearers were obtained from the alveolar ridge during surgical implant exposure for implant-retained overdentures. All denture wearers had been edentulous and worn dentures for at least 5 years. The tissues of 11 non-denture wearers were taken from the ridge during minor preprosthetic surgery. The mucosal proteins were extracted, purified, precipitated, and subsequently separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for comparative proteomics. Differentially expressed proteins between the groups were analyzed by ANOVA using Progenesis SameSpots software. Results: Comparative proteomics analysis showed significant upregulation of 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78; +2.2 fold, p = 0.015) and lumican (+1.8 fold, p = 0.005), as well as significant downregulation of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27; −1.9 fold, p = 0.029) in the denture group. Conclusions: Differential expression of the biochemical bone turnover markers of GRP78, lumican, and HSP27 may occur as a result of denture pressure on the mucosa. These markers may play important roles in RRR.
The Impact of The Labial Flange and Artificial Teeth on Lip Support in Elderly Patients with Maxillary Complete Dentures Rajali, Aiemeeza; Mustafa, Nor Wati @ Nur Atikah; Zulkiflee, Muhamad Zafir Ashman; Abd Rahman, Ain Najihah; Ahmad, Rohana
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 29, No. 2
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Both maxillary complete denture’s labial flange and anterior artificial teeth play important roles in re-establish major support for the upper lip of elderly patients. However, whether the labial flange can be removed and still perceived as aesthetic remain unclear. Objective: To determine the perception of young adults toward the effect of a labial flange and anterior teeth on lip support of an elderly with maxillary complete dentures. Methods: A total of 64 young adults were recruited to evaluate the lip support for facial aesthetics of 30 full-face photographs in 3 different states: with an original complete denture (CD), with a flangeless duplicated denture and without the complete denture. They were rated using a Visual Numerical Scale (VNS) of 10, with 1 being the least attractive and 10 being the most attractive and repeated twice in random order. Soft-tissue profile analysis was performed to determine which facial anatomical landmarks were most important for lip support and aesthetics. Results: The overall VNS rating with CD (6.33 ± 0.58) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than images with flangeless (5.58 ± 1.01) or without CD (5.23 ± 1.30). The landmarks that showed the most significant changes were in the subnasale area and NLA with original CD (p=0.060, p=0.072) and in frontal lip thickness with flangeless (p=0.082). There are strong correlations between subnasale and NLA and the mean total aesthetic VNS rating of images with CD, but not statistically significant (r=0.708; p=0.118, r=-0.835; p=0.078). Conclusion: The labial flange of a maxillary complete denture plays an important role in lip support and results in the aesthetic perception of the dentures wearer. The anterior teeth alone provide fullness to the lips, but not enough for labial support.
Integration of Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) in Conventional Teaching and Learning for Fixed Prosthodontics - A Case Study Abdul Hamid, Nor Faharina; Ahmad, Rohana; Lim, Tong Wah; Kamar Affendi, Nur Hafizah; Tengku Mohd Ariff, Tengku Fazrina; Mahmud, Melati; Ab Ghani, Siti Mariam
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia Vol. 30, No. 3
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The potential for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in clinical dentistry remains vague and inadequately explored. Objectives: The study aims to obtain insight into the development of MOOCs in Fixed Partial Dental Prostheses (FPDPs) and to assess students’ learning preferences, module quality, and interface usability. Methods: The MOOCs was created by seven academicians with prosthodontic backgrounds. After completing the MOOCs and three complementary online discussion sessions, the students (n = 89) were invited to participate in an online survey. SPSS version 23 was used to calculate the frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation of categorical data (SD). Results: A total of 84.1% of students completed the survey. Six modules with five different FPDPs topics and a single implant topic were created for this MOOCs, which consists teaching and practical modules. 94.6% of respondents agreed that MOOCs can be used to supplement traditional T&L, with 64.9% preferring MOOCs to traditional classrooms. The majority of the items received a high mean score above 4.00, indicating that the majority of respondents were satisfied with the developed MOOC’s course content, usability, and interface. Conclusion: The majority of respondents agreed that the overall course content is well-organized and expressed positive feedback on integrating MOOCs into traditional classrooms.
Co-Authors Ab Ghani, Siti Mariam Abd Rahman, Ain Najihah Abdul Aziz, Aznida Firzah Abdul Hamid, Nor Faharina Affandi, Nurul Farahida Ayub, Nur Aliya Filza Mohd Aziz, Nur Ilyana Aifa Baba, Nadim Z Baharuddin, Izyan Hazwani Bohari, Nuriah Che Mohd, Nadia En, Lee Jia Fang, Hew Pei Kamar Affendi, Nur Hafizah Karsani, Saiful Anuar Koah, Noor Airin Lim, Tong Wah Mahmud, Melati Mazlan, Musalmah Meei, Tew In Mohamad Napi, Ainin Sofia Mohd Dom, Tuti Ningseh Mohd-Dom, Tuti Ningseh Mohtar, Siti Anisah Morgano, Steven M Mustafa, Nor Wati @ Nur Atikah Mustafa, Nur Atikah Rajali, Aiemeeza Shahida Mohd Said, Shahida Mohd Tan, Su Keng Teh, Lay Kek Tengku Mohd Ariff, Tengku Fazrina Tennant, Marc Tuti Ningseh Mohd Dom, Tuti Ningseh Mohd Yusof, Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera Mohd Zul, Nur Amalina Zulkiflee, Muhamad Zafir Ashman