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All Journal The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Malik, Safarina G.
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health

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Journal : The Indonesian Biomedical Journal

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Establishment of Reference Value of 20 Amino Acids for Toddlers by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Pasaribu, Merci Monica br; Immanuel, Suzanna; Sjarif, Damayanti Rusli; Timan, Ina Susianti; Malik, Safarina G.; Mansyur, Muchtaruddin; Simanjuntak, Ernawati
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i2.2902

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Amino acids are one of the essential metabolites, especially the 20 amino acids that are preserved as the building blocks of protein. Alterations in amino acid concentrations are related to disease such as inborn error of metabolism, cancer, as well as nutritional status. Hence, it is necessary to define reference values of 20 plasma-free amino acids for Indonesian toddlers and to establish a robust measurement technique using chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (MS).METHODS: This study was a cross-sectional preliminary study to establish reference values. The sample was prepared by mixing plasma with 20% sulfosalicylic acid. Plasma-free amino acids were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) non-derivatization technique using column XTerra for chromatographic separation coupled with tandem MS. Amino acids reference values were taken from 101 healthy Indonesian toddlers aged 1-3 years old. Since amino acids data were not Gaussian distributed, the lower and upper of the reference value was established from the 5th percentile and the 95th percentile, respectively.RESULTS: Analysis for 20 amino acids was validated. The accuracy ranged from 90.53-105.39% and the precision ranged from 0.06-3.80%. The limit of detection range was 1-2 nmol/mL, and the limit of quantification range was 2-4 nmol/mL. The result was linear, with R2 higher than 0.998. There was no significant difference between boys and girls for all amino acids except for glycine.CONCLUSION: HPLC with tandem MS method can be used to evaluate amino acids in clinical practice. The reference values obtained are specific for aged 1-3 years old from urban areas in Indonesia. The study suggests that for each population, the reference values for amino acids should be established.KEYWORDS: amino acids, high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, reference values, Indonesia 
Diabetes Risk Allele of Transcription Factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) Polymorphisms is Associated with Higher Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP1) and Lower Insulin Secretion Saraswati, Made Ratna; Suastika, Ketut; Budhiarta, Anak Agung Gde; Oktavianthi, Suksma; Malik, Safarina G.
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 16, No 5 (2024)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v16i5.3202

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The most influential susceptible gene associated with diabetes, transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2), has been observed in diverse populations. TCF7L2 influences type 2 diabetes risk through glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) production. The presence of risk allele of TCF7L2 leads to the alteration of gene expression in pancreatic beta cells; however, how the mechanism is related with GLP1 remains unclear. This study was conducted to explore the variations of GLP1 increment and insulin secretion between individuals with and without diabetes risk allele of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TCF7L2.METHODS: A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted involving individuals subjects who harbored known variants of SNPs in the TCF7L2: heterozygote or mutant of rs12255372 (GT or TT), rs7903146 (CT or TT), rs10885406 (AG or GG); as well as control subjects with wild type of rs12255372 (GG), rs7903146 (CC), and rs10885406 (AA). Anthropometric parameters, blood glucose, insulin, and GLP1 were measured; and homeostasis model assessment-beta cell (HOMA-%B) index was calculated.RESULTS: The GLP1 increment response was higher in subjects carrying the diabetes risk allele (0.34±0.80 ng/mL) than those with the wild type (-0.04±0.57 ng/mL) (p=0.041). The HOMA-%B was reduced in subjects carrying the diabetes risk allele (71.64±24.72) than those with the wild type (103.23±68.00) (p=0.011). Among individuals carrying the diabetes risk allele, the likelihood of GLP1 increment with high response was twice as high (p=0.007), while the occurrence of low HOMA-%B was 1.47 more frequent (p=0.011).CONCLUSION: TCF7L2 polymorphisms were associated with the GLP1 increment response and reduced HOMA-%B, which might be potentially contributing to GLP1 resistance in patients with diabetes risk factors.KEYWORDS: diabetes risk, TCF7L2, GLP1, HOMA-%B
Co-Authors Budhiarta, Anak Agung Gde Damayanti Rusli Sjarif I Ketut Suastika Ina Susianti Timan MADE RATNA SARASWATI . Merci Monica br Pasaribu Muchtaruddin Mansyur Oktavianthi, Suksma Simanjuntak, Ernawati Suzanna Immanuel