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All Journal Jurnal Studi Diplomasi dan Keamanan Paradigma: Jurnal Masalah Sosial, Politik, dan Kebijakan
Muharjono, Muharjono
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Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Library & Information Science Social Sciences

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RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT IN UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARDS IMMIGRANTS IN THE PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN ERA Setiady, Monica A.; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Studi Diplomasi dan Keamanan Vol 16, No 2 (2024): Jurnal Studi Diplomasi dan Keamanan
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jsdk.v16i2.12618

Abstract

This research aims to analyze United States policies towards immigrants under President Joe Biden that reflect Responsibility to Protect through the fulfillment of immigrants rights. Specifically, this research uses Jack Donnelly’s concept of Universal Human Rights to look at the fulfillment of immigrants human rights and bridge the concept of Responsibility to Protect, as well as Diane Stone’s concept of global public policy to analyze whether the United States’ policies towards immigrants heed international rules and norms that have been agreed upon by the world. With violence becoming an increasing concern in several countries, the United Nations and countries around the world, including the United States, passed the Responsibility to Protect resolution. This resolution advocates an increased role for states and the international community to respect human rights and protect civilian populations of any nationality from mass crimes. This research found that United States policies towards immigrants in the Biden era that reflect the Responsibility to Protect are in the form of canceling controversial policies of the previous era, re-enacting old policies, and new policies that are pro-immigrant, especially towards illegal immigrants who experience crimes against humanity or violence in their home countries.
KEPENTINGAN TURKI DALAM MoU DELIMITASI MARITIM DENGAN LIBYA DI LAUT MEDITERANIA TIMUR Salamah, Umi; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 28, No 1 (2024): January 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v28i1.11407

Abstract

Turki-Libya sepakat menandatangani MoU delimitasi zona maritim mereka di Laut Mediterania Timur pada 2019. Namun, persoalan justru timbul dari negara-negara lain di kawasan dengan menolak disahkannya perjanjian ini, karena akan berpotensi mengganggu aktivitas kemaritiman mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti kepentingan yang melatar belakangi Turki menandatangani MoU delimitasi maritim di Laut Mediterania Timur dengan Libya tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi kepustakaan melalui buku, dokumen, artikel jurnal, dan website. Penelitian dikaji menggunakan konsep Kepentingan Nasional Jack C Plano & Roy Olton untuk menggambarkan kepentingan yang ingin dicapai Turki dalam penandatanganan MoU delimitasi maritim dengan Libya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepentingan Turki yaitu adanya kepentingan pertahanan diri/self-preservation berkaitan dengan dinamika keamanan di lingkungan kawasan, kepentingan intagritas wilayah/territorial integrity berupa landasan hukum yang sah atas klaim wilayah maritimnya di Laut Mediterania Timur, dan kepentingan kemakmuran ekonomi/economic well-being guna menghadang rencana proyek pemasangan pipa East-Med. Sehingga, dapat ditemukan kesimpulan bahwa penandatanganan MoU delimitasi maritim dengan Libya dilakukan Turki guna mengamankan kepentingannya atas wilayahnya di Laut Mediterania Timur. 
EFEKTIVITAS RATIFIKASI UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME (UNTOC) TERHADAP TINGKAT KRIMINALITAS HUMAN TRAFFICKING DI INDIA TAHUN 2014-2018 Adriani, Hutami Safina Nur; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 27, No 2 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v27i1.8606

Abstract

ABSTRAKIndia merupakan salah satu negara dengan kasus perdagangan manusia yang cukup tinggi. Hingga saat ini, kasus yang terjadi masih cukup tinggi. Pada tahun 2011, India pada akhirnya setuju untuk meratifikasi konvensi PBB yaitu United nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) bersama dengan Palermo Protocol untuk memerangi kasus perdagangan manusia. Permasalahan perdagangan manusia di India cukup kompleks karena ada beberapa faktor seperti budaya patriarki, permasalahan perbatasan, dan kewenangan hukum yang tidak berjalan semestinya. Dengan adanya ratifikasi UNTOC, diharapkan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kebijakan dalam negeri India dalam memerangi perdagangan manusia. Studi ini ditulis untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh UNTOC dan Palermo Protocol terhadap kebijakan dalam negeri India dalam hal penanganan perdagangan manusia.Kata Kunci: UNTOC, Palermo Protocol, India, Kebijakan. ABSTRACTIndia is one of the countries with a relatively high number of cases of human trafficking. Until now, the number of reported cases has remained quite high. In 2011, India ratified the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and the Palermo Protocol to combat human trafficking. Human trafficking is a complex problem in India because of factors such as patriarchal culture, border issues, and ineffective legal authority. It is hoped that the ratification of UNTOC will have an impact on India's domestic policy in combating human trafficking. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which UNTOC and the Palermo Protocol influenced India's domestic policy regarding human trafficking.Keywords: UNTOC, Palermo Protocol, India, Policy.
FAKTOR KEMENANGAN BHARATIYA JANATA PARTY (NARENDRA MODI) PADA PEMILIHAN UMUM LOK SABHA KE-17 INDIA TAHUN 2019 Muharjono, Muharjono; Dewi, Mentari Satiti
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 27, No 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v27i1.8727

Abstract

AbstrakSetelah kemenangannya pada Lok Sabha ke-16 tahun 2014, pada pemilihan umum Lok Sabha ke-17 tahun 2019 dengan memperoleh 303 kursi di Dewan Rakyat India, Bharatiya Janata Party (Narendra Modi) kembali menduduki posisi sebagai pemegang kekuasaan tertinggi di Parlemen India yang membawa Modi menjadi Perdana Menteri India. Penulis menggunakan Teori Rational Choice milik Angus Chambell untuk menjelaskan bagaimana perilaku pemilih yang menjadi faktor penyebab kemenangan BJP (Modi) pada Lok Sabha ke-17 India. Data – data yang digunakan untuk menganalisis topik ini bersumber dari buku, jurnal dan artikel internet. Dari pengolahan data yang dilakukan penulis menyimpulkan bahwa faktor kemenangan BJP (Modi) pada Pemilihan Umum Lok Sabha ke 17 India tahun 2019 dipengaruhi oleh : 1.) Program Keamanan Nasional dan Ekonomi India. 2.) Sosok Modi yang Berkarisma. 3.) Pendukung BJP yang Loyal; dimana hal tersebut berhasil menciptakan hubungan timbal balik yang positif antara pemerintahan BJP (Modi) dengan masyarakat India. Kata Kunci : Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Narendra Modi, Lok Sabha, Hindu di India, Perilaku Pemiih. AbstractAfter winning the 2014 Lok Sabha, In the 17th Lok Sabha general election 2019 with 303 seats in the Indian People’s Council. The Bharatiya Janata Party (Narendra Modi)’s victory re-occupied the posotion as the hightest authority in the Indian Parliament which brought Modi return to his position as Prime Minister of India. The author uses Angush Chambell’s Rational Choice Theory to explain how the voter behavior was a factor in BJP (Modi)’s Victory in India’s 17th Lok Sabha. The data used to analyze this topic comes from a book, journals and Internet articles. From the data processing carried out, the author conclude that BJP (Modi)’s Victory factor in India’s 17th Lok Sabha General Election in 2019 influenced by: 1.) India’s National Security and Economi Program. 2.) Modi’s Charismatic Figure. 3.) BJP’s Loyal Supporters; where these points created a positive reciprocal relationship between the BJP (Modi) government and the people of India. Key word: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Narendra Modi, Lok Sabha, Hinduism in India, Voter Behavior.
LATAR BELAKANG KEMENANGAN PARTAI KONSERVATIF (BORIS JOHNSON) PADA PEMILU INGGRIS TAHUN 2019 Hudzaifa, Mella; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 26, No 1 (2022): January 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v26i1.6663

Abstract

The victory of the Conservative party (Boris Johnson) in the 2019 British election was very interested case. By considering that the chairman of the Conservative party before, that has resigned from the position of Prime Minister of the UK twice in 2017 and 2019, its surprised fenomena. In addition, the chairman of the party, Boris Johnson, was known as an controversial figure, racist, and rumors of infidelity. But in the 2019 election the Conservative party (Boris Johnson) shown still could managed to get a majority of the vote. For this reason, this journal aims to explored any factors that support the victory of the Conservative party (Boris Johnson) by the theory of voter behavior and with qualitative descriptive methods. As a result, the Conservative party's succeed was motivated by party management and party leaders in responding to and processing issues currently being faced by British society, such as Brexit, health, and crime. In addition, the Conservative party also had loyal voters who come from middle class and also the support of swinged voters. Johnson's success in offering policies on these issues, especially Brexit, has caused working class voters to also choose Conservative party.
THE ROLE OF GREENPEACE INDONESIA IN ENCOURAGING THE JAKARTA PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT TO ADDRESS AIR POLLUTION (2021–2023) Shafiyah Kirana Putri; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 29 No 2 (2025): July 2025
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v29i2.14961

Abstract

ABSTRACTAir pollution in Jakarta during the 2021–2023 period became an urgent environmental issue due toits direct impact on public health. In this context, Greenpeace Indonesia actively pushed theProvincial Government of DKI Jakarta to become more responsive, despite the absence of anyformal cooperation agreement. This study aims to analyze the advocacy and campaign strategiesused by Greenpeace Indonesia to influence public policy on air pollution control. Using aqualitative descriptive approach and Clive Archer’s theory of International Organizations, thisresearch explores the interaction between Greenpeace Indonesia and the DKI Jakarta Governmentas non-state and state actors in the international system. The findings show that through digitalcampaigns, community engagement, and collaboration with academics and media, GreenpeaceIndonesia effectively raised public awareness and exerted moral-political pressure on the DKIJakarta Government. These findings affirm the vital role of civil society organizations in shapingenvironmental policy responses, particularly when formal mechanisms are absent.Keywords: Greenpeace Indonesia, air pollution, advocacy, DKI Government
RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT IN UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARDS IMMIGRANTS IN THE PRESIDENT JOE BIDEN ERA Setiady, Monica A.; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Studi Diplomasi dan Keamanan Vol 16 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Studi Diplomasi dan Keamanan
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/jsdk.v16i2.12618

Abstract

This research aims to analyze United States policies towards immigrants under President Joe Biden that reflect Responsibility to Protect through the fulfillment of immigrants rights. Specifically, this research uses Jack Donnelly’s concept of Universal Human Rights to look at the fulfillment of immigrants human rights and bridge the concept of Responsibility to Protect, as well as Diane Stone’s concept of global public policy to analyze whether the United States’ policies towards immigrants heed international rules and norms that have been agreed upon by the world. With violence becoming an increasing concern in several countries, the United Nations and countries around the world, including the United States, passed the Responsibility to Protect resolution. This resolution advocates an increased role for states and the international community to respect human rights and protect civilian populations of any nationality from mass crimes. This research found that United States policies towards immigrants in the Biden era that reflect the Responsibility to Protect are in the form of canceling controversial policies of the previous era, re-enacting old policies, and new policies that are pro-immigrant, especially towards illegal immigrants who experience crimes against humanity or violence in their home countries.
LATAR BELAKANG KEMENANGAN PARTAI KONSERVATIF (BORIS JOHNSON) PADA PEMILU INGGRIS TAHUN 2019 Hudzaifa, Mella; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 26 No 1 (2022): January 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v26i1.6663

Abstract

The victory of the Conservative party (Boris Johnson) in the 2019 British election was very interested case. By considering that the chairman of the Conservative party before, that has resigned from the position of Prime Minister of the UK twice in 2017 and 2019, its surprised fenomena. In addition, the chairman of the party, Boris Johnson, was known as an controversial figure, racist, and rumors of infidelity. But in the 2019 election the Conservative party (Boris Johnson) shown still could managed to get a majority of the vote. For this reason, this journal aims to explored any factors that support the victory of the Conservative party (Boris Johnson) by the theory of voter behavior and with qualitative descriptive methods. As a result, the Conservative party's succeed was motivated by party management and party leaders in responding to and processing issues currently being faced by British society, such as Brexit, health, and crime. In addition, the Conservative party also had loyal voters who come from middle class and also the support of swinged voters. Johnson's success in offering policies on these issues, especially Brexit, has caused working class voters to also choose Conservative party.
EFEKTIVITAS RATIFIKASI UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME (UNTOC) TERHADAP TINGKAT KRIMINALITAS HUMAN TRAFFICKING DI INDIA TAHUN 2014-2018 Adriani, Hutami Safina Nur; Muharjono, Muharjono
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 27 No 2 (2023): July 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v27i1.8606

Abstract

ABSTRAKIndia merupakan salah satu negara dengan kasus perdagangan manusia yang cukup tinggi. Hingga saat ini, kasus yang terjadi masih cukup tinggi. Pada tahun 2011, India pada akhirnya setuju untuk meratifikasi konvensi PBB yaitu United nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) bersama dengan Palermo Protocol untuk memerangi kasus perdagangan manusia. Permasalahan perdagangan manusia di India cukup kompleks karena ada beberapa faktor seperti budaya patriarki, permasalahan perbatasan, dan kewenangan hukum yang tidak berjalan semestinya. Dengan adanya ratifikasi UNTOC, diharapkan memiliki pengaruh terhadap kebijakan dalam negeri India dalam memerangi perdagangan manusia. Studi ini ditulis untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh UNTOC dan Palermo Protocol terhadap kebijakan dalam negeri India dalam hal penanganan perdagangan manusia.Kata Kunci: UNTOC, Palermo Protocol, India, Kebijakan. ABSTRACTIndia is one of the countries with a relatively high number of cases of human trafficking. Until now, the number of reported cases has remained quite high. In 2011, India ratified the United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC) and the Palermo Protocol to combat human trafficking. Human trafficking is a complex problem in India because of factors such as patriarchal culture, border issues, and ineffective legal authority. It is hoped that the ratification of UNTOC will have an impact on India's domestic policy in combating human trafficking. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which UNTOC and the Palermo Protocol influenced India's domestic policy regarding human trafficking.Keywords: UNTOC, Palermo Protocol, India, Policy.
FAKTOR KEMENANGAN BHARATIYA JANATA PARTY (NARENDRA MODI) PADA PEMILIHAN UMUM LOK SABHA KE-17 INDIA TAHUN 2019 Muharjono, Muharjono; Dewi, Mentari Satiti
Jurnal Paradigma Vol 27 No 1 (2023): January 2023
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UPN "Veteran" Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31315/paradigma.v27i1.8727

Abstract

AbstrakSetelah kemenangannya pada Lok Sabha ke-16 tahun 2014, pada pemilihan umum Lok Sabha ke-17 tahun 2019 dengan memperoleh 303 kursi di Dewan Rakyat India, Bharatiya Janata Party (Narendra Modi) kembali menduduki posisi sebagai pemegang kekuasaan tertinggi di Parlemen India yang membawa Modi menjadi Perdana Menteri India. Penulis menggunakan Teori Rational Choice milik Angus Chambell untuk menjelaskan bagaimana perilaku pemilih yang menjadi faktor penyebab kemenangan BJP (Modi) pada Lok Sabha ke-17 India. Data – data yang digunakan untuk menganalisis topik ini bersumber dari buku, jurnal dan artikel internet. Dari pengolahan data yang dilakukan penulis menyimpulkan bahwa faktor kemenangan BJP (Modi) pada Pemilihan Umum Lok Sabha ke 17 India tahun 2019 dipengaruhi oleh : 1.) Program Keamanan Nasional dan Ekonomi India. 2.) Sosok Modi yang Berkarisma. 3.) Pendukung BJP yang Loyal; dimana hal tersebut berhasil menciptakan hubungan timbal balik yang positif antara pemerintahan BJP (Modi) dengan masyarakat India. Kata Kunci : Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Narendra Modi, Lok Sabha, Hindu di India, Perilaku Pemiih. AbstractAfter winning the 2014 Lok Sabha, In the 17th Lok Sabha general election 2019 with 303 seats in the Indian People’s Council. The Bharatiya Janata Party (Narendra Modi)’s victory re-occupied the posotion as the hightest authority in the Indian Parliament which brought Modi return to his position as Prime Minister of India. The author uses Angush Chambell’s Rational Choice Theory to explain how the voter behavior was a factor in BJP (Modi)’s Victory in India’s 17th Lok Sabha. The data used to analyze this topic comes from a book, journals and Internet articles. From the data processing carried out, the author conclude that BJP (Modi)’s Victory factor in India’s 17th Lok Sabha General Election in 2019 influenced by: 1.) India’s National Security and Economi Program. 2.) Modi’s Charismatic Figure. 3.) BJP’s Loyal Supporters; where these points created a positive reciprocal relationship between the BJP (Modi) government and the people of India. Key word: Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Narendra Modi, Lok Sabha, Hinduism in India, Voter Behavior.
Co-Authors Adriani, Hutami Safina Nur Dewi, Mentari Satiti Hudzaifa, Mella Setiady, Monica A. Shafiyah Kirana Putri Umi Salamah