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All Journal JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series
Hutapea, Kitaman
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Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Identifikasi Akar Masalah dan Solusi Manajemen Layanan Khusus Bagi ABK di Sekolah Dasar Inklusi: Pendekatan Fishbone Berbasis Systematic Literature Review Hutapea, Kitaman; Marmoah, Sri
Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai, Riau, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jptam.v10i1.37623

Abstract

Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai permasalahan dalam penerapan manajemen layanan khusus bagi Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (ABK) di sekolah inklusi dengan menggunakan teknik identifikasi fishbone (diagram sebab-akibat). Studi ini menerapkan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan desain studi literatur. Data diperoleh dari berbagai sumber pustaka yang relevan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan diagram fishbone untuk mengidentifikasi akar penyebab permasalahan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi manajemen layanan khusus bagi ABK dalam penerapan pendidikan inklusif masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan pada aspek sumber daya manusia, sarana prasarana, kebijakan, pembelajaran, lingkungan, serta kondisi ABK yang belum optimal. Hambatan utama meliputi keterbatasan GPK, kurangnya fasilitas dan dukungan, lemahnya kebijakan, serta belum optimalnya pembelajaran diferensiasi dan PPI. Secara keseluruhan, kondisi ini berdampak pada masih rendahnya efektivitas layanan pendidikan inklusif di sekolah dasar. Melalui analisis fishbone, permasalahan dapat diidentifikasi secara sistematis berdasarkan kategori penyebab sehingga memudahkan dalam merumuskan solusi yang tepat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kualitas manajemen layanan khusus ABK di sekolah inklusi memerlukan perbaikan menyeluruh pada aspek sumber daya manusia, fasilitas, kebijakan, serta kolaborasi antar stakeholder. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan dasar dalam pengembangan model layanan khusus bagi ABK dalam implementasi pendidikan inklusif yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan.
Adaptive Learning Media within Universal Design for Learning: A Systematic Literature Review for Supporting Slow Learner Students Hutapea, Kitaman; Marmoah, Sri; Azman, Mohamed Nor Azhari
Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHES): Conference Series Vol 9, No 1 (2026): Social, Humanities, and Educational Studies (SHEs): Conference Series
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/shes.v9i1.117881

Abstract

Inclusive education has become a global priority in ensuring equitable access to quality learning by promoting flexible, accessible, and student-centered approaches that address the diverse needs of all learners, including slow learner students. Slow learner students often face difficulties in conventional learning due to their diverse learning needs, thus requiring inclusive approaches such as Universal Design for Learning (UDL) and flexible, personalized adaptive learning media to meet individual needs. This study aims to systematically review the literature on the use of adaptive learning media within the UDL framework to support the learning needs of slow learner students. The review was conducted using the PRISMA model by analysing articles indexed in SINTA, Scopus and proceeding over the past ten years from 2016-2026 to identify types of media, UDL implementation, and their impact on learning outcomes. The findings indicate the review of 30 studies shows that adaptive learning media particularly audio-visual, manipulative, and visual forms are widely used to support slow learner students, with a strong emphasis on mathematics and language learning. These media effectively enhance understanding, engagement, and individualized learning in line with UDL principles, although the implementation remains more focused on representation and engagement than on action and expression.
Co-Authors Azman, Mohamed Nor Azhari Sri Marmoah