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Journal : Journal of Accounting Science

Ethical Dilemma of Tax Consultant in Husserl's Perspective Febriani, Lulu Essa; Setiyaningsih, Titik Agus
Journal of Accounting Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/jas.v9i2.1994

Abstract

General Background: Ethical awareness is very important for tax consultants in aligning client interests with compliance with tax regulations. Specific Background: In practice, tax consultants often face ethical dilemmas when clients demand aggressive tax saving strategies. Knowledge Gap: Despite the importance of ethical decision-making in tax practice, limited research has examined how tax consultants internally build ethical awareness using phenomenological methods. Objective: This study aims to explore how tax consultants perceive and navigate ethical dilemmas relating to professional responsibilities and client expectations. Methods: A qualitative approach based on Edmund Husserl's transcendental phenomenology was used, with data collected through in-depth interviews involving three experienced tax consultants in Jakarta. Results: This study found that although clients often pressure consultants to engage in risky tax saving schemes, consultants' ethical awareness formed through education, professional experience, and technological support makes them resist unethical behaviour and opt for legitimate tax avoidance. Novelty: This research offers a novel contribution by applying Husserlian phenomenological concepts such as Noesis, Noema, Epoche, Intentional Analysis, and Eidetic Reduction to examine the internal processes that shape ethical decisions. Implications: The findings highlight the need to strengthen the code of ethics, increase collaboration with tax authorities, and integrate accountability-based technology to improve the ethical integrity of the tax consulting profession in Indonesia.
Greed as Organizational DNA: External Auditor's Perceptions Putriani, Aulia Zahra; Setiyaningsih, Titik Agus
Journal of Accounting Science Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/jas.v10i1.2084

Abstract

General Background: Organisational misconduct is not only caused by individual errors, but also by patterns of behaviour that develop internally. Greed is one such pattern and gradually shapes the organisation's mindset and decision-making. Specific Background: During audits, external auditors often encounter clients who exhibit repetitive decision-making patterns and ingrained organisational routines. From the auditor's perspective, these patterns indicate greed that has been internalised in the organisation's systems and operational practices. This condition shapes the character of the organisation, reflected in shared norms, values, and procedural frameworks that guide decision-making processes, information flows, and managerial motivation. Knowledge Gap: Several studies using quantitative or qualitative approaches have addressed greed. However, studies linking greed to the concept of organisational DNA and viewing it from the perspective of external auditors as a phenomenological lens are still rare. Method: To explore how auditors understand greed in organisational DNA, this study adopts a qualitative approach and Alfred Schutz's social phenomenology as its methodological framework. Results: The results show that auditors often identify patterns of greed from interactions with clients, financial reports, decision-making processes, and management responses. This greed develops from repeated decisions and justifications until it eventually becomes part of the client's organisational DNA. Novelty: This study uses the auditor's experience as a lens to understand greed as part of the client's organisational DNA and combines the Organisational DNA framework with Schutz's phenomenology. Implications: These findings help auditors and regulators become more sensitive to client behaviour patterns and encourage audits that focus not only on numbers, but also on the behaviour, culture, and character of the organisation.