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All Journal Journal of Health Policy and Management Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior
Siswanto, Andi
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Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Association between Gender and Anxiety among Covid-19 Patients: A Meta-Analysis Zulkarnain, Zuraida; Nuryati, Arum; Upix, Desif; Misi, Adilla; Siswanto, Andi; Handariati, Atik; Rohmani, Alfiana Nur Nur; Saryanto, Saryanto; Dara, Zadia
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: The COVID-19 outbreak rapidly spread worldwide, with a significant number of cases and deaths causing anxiety, especially among the sufferers. Biologically, males and females show different psychological responses to the events at hand. This study aimed to examine the association between gender and anxiety among COVID-19 patients.Subjects and Method: This study was a meta-analysis. The articles were obtained from data­bases PubMed and Scopus using keywords "Anxiety" OR "anxiety disorder" AND "COVID-19 Patients" OR "Patients with COVID-19" OR "Hospitalized" AND "Risk factors" OR "deter­mi­­nants" OR "Gender" OR "Factors associa­ted". The articles included in this study were full-text with a cross-sectional design, dis­cuss-ed the association between gender and anxiety among COVID-19 patients, published in Eng­lish, studies located in Asia. The final results were pre­sented in Adjust Odds Ratio (aOR) or Standar­dized Mean Difference (SMD). Data analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software, with generic inverse variance data type for categorical outcome group (CtOG) articles and continuous data type for continue outcome group (CnOG).Results: 9 articles were analyzed, including 4 articles CtOG and 5 articles CnOG. The  forest plot of both categorical and continue outcomes showed consistent result that among COVID-19 patients  who hospitalized with mild to severe symptoms. Female patients significantly had higher anxiety event (aOR= 2.19; 95% CI= 1.60 to 2.99; p<0.001; I2= 0% and SMD= 0.35; 95% CI= 0.21 to 0.49; p<0.001; I2= 12%).Conclusion: Among COVID-19 patients, the female gender has a significantly higher risk of suffering from anxiety than the male gender.Keywords: anxiety, COVID-19Correspondence: Zuraida Zulkarnain. Research and Develop­ment Center of Traditional Medicinal and Me­dicinal Plants, Karanganyar, Central Java. Mobile: 081393933862. e-mail: zuraida.zu@­gmail.com.Journal of Health Policy and Management (2021), 06(02): 94-106https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2021.06.02.02 
Face Mask Wearing and Hand Washing Behavior on the Prevention of COVID-19 Infection: A Meta-Analysis Siswanto, Andi; Murti, Bhisma; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol. 7 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: People infected with the COVID-19 virus can infect others through close droplets, these droplets are water-filled particles with a diameter of >5 m - 10 m. ways to reduce or contract COVID-19 by wearing a mask and washing hands both with soap and hand sanitizer. This study aimed to determine the effect of wearing masks and washing hands on the transmission of COVID-19.Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analysis study using PRISMA flowchart guidelines. The article search process was carried out between 2020-2021 using databases from PubMed, Science direct, and Google Schoolar. The article search was carried out taking into account the eligibility criteria defined in the PICO model. Population= community. Intervention= use masks and wash hands. Comparison= do not use masks and wash hands. Outcome= infection with COVID-19. The keywords used are "face mask OR wearing mask AND hand hygiene OR hand washing AND coronavirus OR covid19 OR SAR-CoV-2 AND adjusted odds ratio". Based on the database, there are 17 articles that meet the inclusion criteria. The analysis was carried out using software RevMan 5.3.Results: Meta-analyses were conducted on 17 articles from Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Japan, China, Australia, Greece, Taiwan, and Ghana. The results of data processing show that using a mask can reduce 0.48 times than not wearing a mask at all, the results are statistically significant (aOR= 0.48; 95% CI= 0.31 to 0.76; p = 0.002) and hand washing can reduce 0.42 times than people who did not wash their hands at all with either soap or hand sanitizer, these results were statistically significant (aOR= 0.42; 95% CI= 0.26 to 0.68; p< 0.001).Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis concluded that the use of masks and washing hands during the pandemic can prevent the transmission of COVID-19.Keywords: masks, wash hands, COVID-19.Correspondence:Andi Siswanto. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: andisiswae@gmail.com. Mobile: +62 813-2923-8155.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2022), 07(03): 182-196DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2022.07.03.02
Co-Authors Arum Nuryati Bhisma Murti Dara, Zadia Handariati, Atik Misi, Adilla Prasetya, Hanung Rohmani, Alfiana Nur Nur Upix, Desif Yoga Yuniadi Zuraida Zulkarnain, Zuraida