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All Journal Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Community Medicine and Education Journal
Member Reni Purba
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Humanities Education Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Differences in Saliva pH of Users and Non-users of Fixed Orthodontic Wire in Dental Students (FKG UNPRI) Rusip, Gusbakti; Member Reni Purba; Fitri Inriani Silaban
Community Medicine and Education Journal Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Community Medicine and Education Journal
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/cmej.v5i1.505

Abstract

Fixed orthodontics corrects malocclusion, which can compromise facial aesthetics. Nevertheless, the utilization of this orthodontic apparatus presents the potential for plaque buildup stemming from the colonization of microorganisms, which may influence the pH of saliva. The purpose of the research was to compare the pH levels of the saliva of individuals who utilized fixed orthodontic wires to those who did not. The design of this survey-analytic, cross-sectional study is survey-based. Sixty-two FKG UNPRI students who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria comprised the sample. We divided these students into two groups: one group utilized fixed orthodontic wires, while the other group did not. To determine the pH of saliva, submerge the pH paper tip into the saliva. If a color change occurs, modify the pH paper using a saliva pH indicator. Following the collection of all the data, an analysis of the data was conducted utilizing the Mann-Whitney statistical test. The study findings indicated that individuals who utilized fixed orthodontic wires had an average saliva pH of 6.16 ± 0.735, whereas those who did not use the devices had a saliva pH of 7.19 ± 0.543. According to the findings of the Mann-Whitney statistical test, a statistically significant distinction in saliva pH was observed between individuals who utilized fixed orthodontic wires and those who did not (p = 0.000; p<0.05). In conclusion, users of fixed orthodontic wires have, on average, a lower salivary pH than non-users.
Averrhoa bilimbi L. Fruit Extract as a Potential Alternative Root Canal Irrigant: An In Vitro Evaluation against Staphylococcus aureus Daryono; Member Reni Purba; Dinda Rizky Aulia
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v5i2.704

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a prevalent bacterium in root canal infections, contributing to treatment failure due to its persistence within dentinal tubules. Conventional root canal irrigants like sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), while effective, can have cytotoxic effects on host tissues. Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit, traditionally used for medicinal purposes, has shown promising antibacterial activity. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effectiveness of A. bilimbi fruit extract against S. aureus and compare it with NaOCl. A. bilimbi fruits were extracted using ethanol. The antibacterial activity of the extract at varying concentrations (70%, 60%, and 50%) was assessed against S. aureus using the disc diffusion method. NaOCl (2.5%) served as the positive control, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the negative control. The diameter of inhibition zones was measured and statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. A. bilimbi fruit extract demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus at all tested concentrations. The diameter of inhibition zones increased with higher extract concentrations (70% > 60% > 50%). While NaOCl exhibited the largest inhibition zone, A. bilimbi extract showed comparable efficacy to NaOCl, and significantly greater efficacy than DMSO. A. bilimbi fruit extract exhibits promising antibacterial activity against S. aureus in vitro. Its efficacy, comparable to NaOCl at higher concentrations, suggests its potential as an alternative root canal irrigant. Further studies are warranted to explore its clinical application in endodontic treatment.
Co-Authors DARYONO Dinda Rizky Aulia Fitri Inriani Silaban Gusbakti Rusip