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Comparison of the Subchronic Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Breadfruit Leaves (Artocarpus altilis) on CFA-Induced Mice Widhihastuti, Endah; Ni'ma, Neli Syahida; Widyarini, Sitarina; Fakhrudin, Nanang
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 10 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v10i1.46870

Abstract

Chronic inflammation of the joints can cause rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is known to have anti-inflammatory activity. Previous studies showed that ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of breadfruit leaves have anti-inflammatory activity in an acute anti-inflammatory model. This study aimed to determine the sub chronic anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts in CFA-induced mice. Balp/c mice (15) were divided into 5 groups: normal group, solvent-treated group, diclofenac sodium-treated group (dose 3 mg/kgBW), ethyl acetate extract-treated group (500 mg/kgBW dose), and ethanol extract-treated group (500 mg/kgBW dose). The extracts were given orally every day for 28 days. The body weight and edema volume were measured on the day of 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after CFA induction. This study showed that the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were able to inhibit inflammatory process by reducing the edema in mice. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited a stronger anti-inflammatory activity compared to the ethanol extract. Although the body weight of the mice treated with the ethanol extract was higher than that of the ethyl acetate extract, both extracts did not cause a significant change in body weight compared to the normal group. The results of this study indicated that the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of breadfruit leaves both demonstrated a sub chronic anti-inflammatory activity in mice.
Comparison of the Subchronic Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Breadfruit Leaves (Artocarpus altilis) on CFA-Induced Mice Widhihastuti, Endah; Ni'ma, Neli Syahida; Widyarini, Sitarina; Fakhrudin, Nanang
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 10 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v10i1.46870

Abstract

Chronic inflammation of the joints can cause rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is known to have anti-inflammatory activity. Previous studies showed that ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of breadfruit leaves have anti-inflammatory activity in an acute anti-inflammatory model. This study aimed to determine the sub chronic anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts in CFA-induced mice. Balp/c mice (15) were divided into 5 groups: normal group, solvent-treated group, diclofenac sodium-treated group (dose 3 mg/kgBW), ethyl acetate extract-treated group (500 mg/kgBW dose), and ethanol extract-treated group (500 mg/kgBW dose). The extracts were given orally every day for 28 days. The body weight and edema volume were measured on the day of 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after CFA induction. This study showed that the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts were able to inhibit inflammatory process by reducing the edema in mice. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited a stronger anti-inflammatory activity compared to the ethanol extract. Although the body weight of the mice treated with the ethanol extract was higher than that of the ethyl acetate extract, both extracts did not cause a significant change in body weight compared to the normal group. The results of this study indicated that the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of breadfruit leaves both demonstrated a sub chronic anti-inflammatory activity in mice.
The Comparison of Long-term Effect Between Intermittent Fasting and Calorie Restriction on Neurological Parameters of Mice Ni'ma, Neli Syahida; Anggadiredja, Kusnandar
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.199-204

Abstract

Intermittent fasting (IF) and calorie restriction (CR) were purported to have health benefits. This research aimed to determine the long-term effect of IF and CR on selected neurological parameters in mice. Swiss Webster male mice were divided into 3 groups: ad libitum feeding (AL), IF, and CR. Mice in each group received the treatment for 16 weeks. They were then tested for anhedonia, depression, aggressiveness, and social approach. They were also subjected to contextual fear conditioning tests to model PTSD. Compared to AL, sucrose intake in the IF group was lower, while the CR group showed higher intake (p<0.01). This anhedonia characteristic shown in the IF group was confirmed not related to depression, as shown by significantly lower immobility time in the forced swimming test compared to AL (p<0.05). In the resident-intruder test, attack numbers in the IF group were fewer than in the AL group (p<0.05). As demonstrated by the results of the three-chamber test, the reduced aggressiveness in IF mice was unrelated to a deficit in sociability. In the fear extinction test (PTSD model), mice in the IF group showed lower freezing compared to those in AL (p<0.001). Although both IF and CR caused a reduction in total food intake, in the mice model tested, IF was shown to have favorable impacts on neurological parameters.
The Synthesis of Y-zeolite-modified CaCO3-ZnO Nanocomposites as an Antibacterial Agent Artissiani, Maysa; Widiarti, Nuni; Wahyuni, Sri; Widhihastuti, Endah; Ni'ma, Neli Syahida
Jurnal Kimia Valensi Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, Volume 10, No. 1, May 2024
Publisher : Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jkv.v10i1.36246

Abstract

The ability of inorganic antibacterial agents like metal oxides and nanoscale inorganic materials to inhibit bacterial growth rates has yet to receive much research attention. In this study, CaCO3-ZnO/Y-zeolite nanocomposites were created utilizing coprecipitation and impregnation techniques with Ca(CH3COO)2, Zn(CH3COO)2 2H2O, Y-zeolite precursors. Physical and chemical characteristics of nanocomposites have been investigated using XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX characterizations. The agar-well diffusion method tested the substance for antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Nanocomposites have a crystal size range of 35.46-36.53 nm and a crystallinity of 35-37 %, according to the results of XRD analysis. The carbonate groups are visible in FTIR data at wave numbers 1433, 875, and 712 cm-1. The Zn-O absorption band was verified at wave numbers 600-400 cm-1. The Y-zeolite absorption bands at wave numbers 1012-997 cm-1 and 745-746 cm-1 were confirmed. The particle morphology is cube-shaped with irregular sizes. The EDX result showed that the composition consists of 35.92 % calcium, 1.68 % zinc, 44.81 % oxygen, and 13.79 % carbon as elements. With the addition of 2.5 % Y-zeolite, the antibacterial activity of nanocomposites showed the best results, with an inhibition zone diameter of 7.62 mm against Escherichia coli and 6.56 mm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Rasionalitas Penggunaan Antibiotik Empiris pada Pasien Pneumonia di Bangsal Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Bhakti Wira Tamtama Semarang Savitri, Annisa Aulia; Ni'ma, Neli Syahida; Susatyo, Eko Budi; Nariswara, Febrian; Oktaviani, Sasnia Rahma
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v19i2.265

Abstract

Abstrak Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan bawah yang serius karena menjadi penyebab kematian terbesar terutama di negara berkembang. Di Indonesia, pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian di rumah sakit dengan persentase prevalensi pada tahun 2013 sebesar 4,5%. Provinsi Jawa Tengah memiliki persentase prevalensi yang lebih tinggi dari nilai nasional yaitu 5,0%. Terapi pneumonia yang disebabkan oleh bakteri adalah antibiotik. Pemilihan antibiotik awal pada pasien yaitu dengan pendekatan secara empiris sebelum didapatkan hasil kultur sensitivitas bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien pneumonia di Rumah Sakit Bhakti Wirataman dengan luaran klinis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional dan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dengan menggunakan rekam medis pasien tahun 2019 ditujukan untuk menganalisis rasionalitas pada penggunaan antibiotik empiris dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemilihan antibiotik empiris dengan kesembuhan pasien yang terdiagnosa pneumonia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik empiris berdasarkan IDSA/ ATS pada pasien pneumonia periode Juni-Desember 2019 menunjukkan ada 95,65% regimen terapi antibiotik yang tidak rasional dan 4,35% regimen terapi antibiotik rasional. Hasil uji analisis statistik menunjukkan hubungan rasionalitas penggunaan terapi antibiotik empiris tidak berkaitan dengan clinical outcome pasien pneumonia di di Rumah Sakit Bhakti Wiratama Semarang. Kata kunci: Antibiotik, Pneumonia, empiris, Drug Related Problem, clinical outcomes. Abstract Pneumonia is a serious lower respiratory tract infection and have been cause of death in developing countries. In Indonesia, pneumonia is one of causes of death in hospitals with a prevalence percentage of 4.5%. Central Java has a prevalence percentage that higher than the nationale average around 5.0%. First line therapy for pneumonia that caused by bacteria is antibiotics. The initial therapy of antibiotics for patients is an empirical approach before bacterial sensitivity culture results. The purpose of this study is to analyze the rationale use of antibiotics in pneumonia patients at Bhakti Wirataman Hospital with clinical outcomes. This research used descriptive analytical research methods with a cross sectional research design and retrospective data collection using patient medical records in 2019 aimed to analyze the rationale use of empirical antibiotics and to determine the effect of choosing empirical antibiotics on the recovery of patients diagnosed with pneumonia. The research results show the rationality of using empiric antibiotics based on IDSA/ATS in pneumonia patients in the period June-December 2019, showing that there were 95.65% irrational antibiotic therapy regimens and 4.35% rational antibiotic therapy regimens. The results of statistical analysis tests show that the rationality of using empirical antibiotic therapy is not related to the clinical outcome of pneumonia patients at the Bhakti Wiratama Hospital, Semarang. Keywords: Antibiotics, Pneumonia, empirical, Drug Related Problems, clinical outcomes. Abstrak Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi saluran pernafasan bawah yang serius karena menjadi penyebab kematian terbesar terutama di negara berkembang. Di Indonesia, pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian di rumah sakit dengan persentase prevalensi pada tahun 2013 sebesar 4,5%. Provinsi Jawa Tengah memiliki persentase prevalensi yang lebih tinggi dari nilai nasional yaitu 5,0%. Terapi pneumonia yang disebabkan oleh bakteri adalah antibiotik. Pemilihan antibiotik awal pada pasien yaitu dengan pendekatan secara empiris sebelum didapatkan hasil kultur sensitivitas bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien pneumonia di Rumah Sakit Bhakti Wirataman dengan luaran klinis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional dan pengambilan data secara retrospektif dengan menggunakan rekam medis pasien tahun 2019 ditujukan untuk menganalisis rasionalitas pada penggunaan antibiotik empiris dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemilihan antibiotik empiris dengan kesembuhan pasien yang terdiagnosa pneumonia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik empiris berdasarkan IDSA/ ATS pada pasien pneumonia periode Juni-Desember 2019 menunjukkan ada 95,65% regimen terapi antibiotik yang tidak rasional dan 4,35% regimen terapi antibiotik rasional. Hasil uji analisis statistik menunjukkan hubungan rasionalitas penggunaan terapi antibiotik empiris tidak berkaitan dengan clinical outcome pasien pneumonia di di Rumah Sakit Bhakti Wiratama Semarang. Kata kunci: Antibiotik, Pneumonia, empiris, Drug Related Problem, clinical outcomes. Abstract Pneumonia is a serious lower respiratory tract infection and have been cause of death in developing countries. In Indonesia, pneumonia is one of causes of death in hospitals with a prevalence percentage of 4.5%. Central Java has a prevalence percentage that higher than the nationale average around 5.0%. First line therapy for pneumonia that caused by bacteria is antibiotics. The initial therapy of antibiotics for patients is an empirical approach before bacterial sensitivity culture results. The purpose of this study is to analyze the rationale use of antibiotics in pneumonia patients at Bhakti Wirataman Hospital with clinical outcomes. This research used descriptive analytical research methods with a cross sectional research design and retrospective data collection using patient medical records in 2019 aimed to analyze the rationale use of empirical antibiotics and to determine the effect of choosing empirical antibiotics on the recovery of patients diagnosed with pneumonia. The research results show the rationality of using empiric antibiotics based on IDSA/ATS in pneumonia patients in the period June-December 2019, showing that there were 95.65% irrational antibiotic therapy regimens and 4.35% rational antibiotic therapy regimens. The results of statistical analysis tests show that the rationality of using empirical antibiotic therapy is not related to the clinical outcome of pneumonia patients at the Bhakti Wiratama Hospital, Semarang. Keywords: Antibiotics, Pneumonia, empirical, Drug Related Problems, clinical outcomes