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All Journal JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Ilmu Dasar Martabe : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Hydrogen: Jurnal Kependidikan Kimia Jurnal Pijar MIPA International Journal of Current Educational Research Journal of The Indonesian Society of Integrated Chemistry Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Terapan (Journal of Pharmacy Science and Practice) Folia Medica Indonesiana
Sutoyo, Suyatno
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Control & Systems Engineering Education Engineering Health Professions Mathematics Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Physics Social Sciences

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Journal : Jurnal Pijar MIPA

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Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles using the Duwet (Syzygium cumini) Leaves Extract as Bioreductor Evawati, Kholif; Sutoyo, Suyatno
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i1.7928

Abstract

The synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles was conducted using a green synthesis method that utilizes plants as bioreductors. The secondary metabolites contained in the plants can act as bioreductors in the reduction process of metal oxides and as capping agents in the production of ZnO nanoparticles. This research aims to determine the characterization of ZnO nanoparticles using Syzygium cumini leaves extract as bioreductor. The type of research is experimental research. In this study, the characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles were examined using extracts from the leaves of the duwet tree (Syzygium cumini). Synthesis was performed with varying compositions of zinc acetate dihydrate solution and duwet leaf extract at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4, as well as pH levels of 7, 8, 9, and 10. The nanoparticles were then characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) to determine the optimal conditions. The optimal conditions for synthesizing ZnO nanoparticles were obtained with a maximum wavelength (λmax) of 368 nm at a ratio of 1:2 and pH 8. The particle size distribution analysis from the PSA indicated an average size of 19.52 nm, with a Poly Dispersity Index (PDI) value of 0.2491. The analysis results using XRD showed the synthesized nanoparticles showed the typical peak for ZnO with 2θ values of 31,7680o, 34,3699 o, and 36,2281o, confirming that the synthesis of nanoparticles had successfully produced ZnO nanoparticles. The UV-Vis, FTIR, and XRD characterization results showed that the nanoparticles produced were pure ZnO nanoparticles.
Nanoherbal from Ethanol Extract of Dutch Teak Leaves (Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk.) and Antibacterial Potential Against Echerichia coli Larasati, Widya Dwi; Sutoyo, Suyatno; Arizandy, Radita Yuniar; Setyarini, Wahyu
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 21 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v21i1.11533

Abstract

Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk. leaves, commonly known as Dutch teak leaves, are a medicinal plant traditionally used to treat diarrhea, infections, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Dutch teak leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, phenolics, and glycosides. The presence of these compounds suggests that Dutch teak leaves have potential antibacterial activity. Herbal extracts have a limitation: low bioavailability. Therefore, nanoherbal formulations are used to improve their bioavailability. Nanoherbal is a nanoparticle made from plants. Nanoherbal can increase the surface area of medicinal herbs, thereby enhancing the solubility of compounds in the body. This study aims to determine the characteristics of nanoherbal derived from the ethanol extract of Dutch teak leaves and its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The nanoherbal was synthesized using the ionic gelation method, employing alginate as the polyelectrolyte polymer and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) as the crosslinking agent. Four CaCl₂ concentrations were used: F1 (0.005%), F2 (0.01%), F3 (0.02%), and F4 (0.03%). Nanoherbal characterization, including particle size, zeta potential, and functional groups. The optimal nanoherbal formulation (F4) exhibited a particle size of 314.06 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.0990, and a zeta potential of -131 mV. The FTIR spectra of nanoherbal showed a decrease in transmittance in the O-H, symmetric, and asymmetric COO- bands. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disc diffusion method. All treatments were conducted in triplicate, and results were expressed as average inhibition zone diameters (mm) and analyzed descriptively. The antibacterial activity test showed that the synthesized nanoherbal exhibited very strong activity against Escherichia coli, with an inhibition zone diameter of 23.65 mm. The synthesized nanoherbal showed a larger inhibition zone compared to the extract and alginate.
Co-Authors Arizandy, Radita Yuniar Dewi Saputri, Ratih Evawati, Kholif Faricha, Yeni Askiyatul Fatma Listiandari, Intan Hasanah Jusman, Nur I Nyoman Suardana Khoirunnisa, Aisy Larasati, Widya Dwi Nita Kusumawati Nuniek Herdyastuti Nurrohman Sidiq, Muhammad Putri Sarini Putri, Retno Wahdany Huda Rudi Setiawan, Ahmad sabila, fauzia indah Salma, Nadiah Armadanti Sari Edi Cahyaningrum Setyarini, Wahyu Sofyah, Titik Mardiyanti TUKIRAN Tukiran Tukiran Wahono Widodo Yulianti, Dimas Ayu