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All Journal Jurnal Transformasi Global Global Strategis TEMALI : Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Indonesian Social Science Review Journal of Integrative International Relations
Shafar, Wildan Ilmanuarif
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Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

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The Influence of Greenpeace Advocacy Towards CIMB International on the Issue of Coal Power Plant Financing Discharge in Indonesia Shafar, Wildan Ilmanuarif; Isnaeni, Nurul
Global Strategis Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Global Strategis
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jgs.16.2.2022.379-410

Abstract

In 2020, Greenpeace and several Indonesian NGOs formed a Transnational Advocacy Network (TAN) called The Hotter Earth Coalition to influence Bank CIMB's funding policy. In the period 2010-2020, CIMB is one of the financial institutions with the largest total investment in the coal sector in Southeast Asia, including in Indonesia. This advocacy then got its result when CIMB announced that they would stop financing coal starting in 2021. This article aims to explain the influence of Greenpeace's TAN advocacy on the CIMB's policy change. Using the concept of advocacy strategy by Keck & Sikkink and the level of influence of advocacy by Daniel McCormick, the results of this study conclude that the advocacy strategy carried out by TAN Greenpeace has succeeded in influencing CIMB's policy changes. This article finds that even though advocacy is carried out from outside the decision-making process of the targeted actor, NGOs can still exert influence mainly through information & accountability politics. Keywords: Transnational advocacy network, NGOs influence,  Greenpeace, environmental issues. Pada tahun 2020, Greenpeace dan beberapa NGOs Indonesia membentuk Transnational Advocacy Network (TAN) bernama The Hotter Earth Coalition untuk mempengaruhi kebijakan pendanaan Bank CIMB. Dalam kurun waktu 2010-2020, CIMB merupakan salah satu institusi keuangan dengan total investasi terbesar pada sektor batubara di Asia Tenggara. Pada Desember 2020, advokasi yang dilakukan oleh koalisi Greenpeace tersebut kemudian membuahkan hasil ketika CIMB mengumumkan bahwa akan menghentikan pendanaan batubara mulai tahun 2021. Artikel ini bertujuan menjelaskan pengaruh advokasi TAN Greenpeace terhadap perubahan kebijakan tersebut menggunakan konsep strategi advokasi oleh Keck & Sikkink dan tingkat pengaruh advokasi oleh Daniel McCormick. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa strategi advokasi yang dilakukan TAN Greenpeace berhasil mempengaruhi perubahan kebijakan CIMB. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa meskipun sebuah advokasi dilakukan di luar proses pengambilan keputusan aktor yang ingin dipengaruhi, NGOs tetap dapat memberikan pengaruh terutama melalui penerapan strategi advokasi politik informasi dan akuntabilitas. Kata kunci: Jaringan advokasi transnasional, pengaruh NGO, Greenpeace, isu lingkungan.
Resistensi Hubungan Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat dan Iran: Studi Kasus Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) Shafar, Wildan Ilmanuarif; Mutmainah, Dian
Jurnal Transformasi Global Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): Jurnal Transformasi Global (JTG)
Publisher : Department of International Relations, Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jtg.v7i1.158

Abstract

Since 2015 the United States has been a signatory of the historic nuclear agreement with Iran known formally as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), which was also agreed by other P5+1 countries. JCPOA is the achievement of the U.S. and other P5+1 countries' negotiations with Iran regarding the limitation of Iran's nuclear program. JCPOA is also known to be the vital instrument to reduce Iran's capabilities regarding its aggressive behavior and malign activities, creating destabilization in the Middle East. However, in 2018 the United States government decided to withdraw its participation from the JCPOA. As we know, this decision had an impact on Iran's behavior, which several times violated the contents of the JCPOA agreement even though they did not leave the agreement. We are also witnessing the impact of this decision increase the conflict between the US and Iran in recent years. This research aims to explain the rationale of the U.S. decision to withdraw from the JCPOA nuclear agreement with Iran in 2018. This research using the foreign policy decision-making framework model by Charles W. Kegley and Gregory A. Raymond. This concept focuses on explaining factors of foreign policy decision-making in three sources of analysis and the process of foreign policy-making based on rational choice.
Kontribusi Sektor Keuangan dalam Upaya Pelestarian Lingkungan: Proses Pembentukan Norma Keuangan Berkelanjutan Global Shafar, Wildan Ilmanuarif; Sabwanto, Afif
Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/innovative.v5i4.19799

Abstract

Abstrak Krisis iklim global merupakan dampak dari degradasi lingkungan akibat pembangunan yang tidak berkelanjutan. Sektor keuangan mulai memainkan peran penting dalam merespons tantangan ini melalui adopsi norma keuangan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan bagaimana norma keuangan berkelanjutan terbentuk dan menyebar secara global, serta siapa aktor utama yang mendorongnya. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kerangka norm life cycle, penelitian ini menelusuri proses artikulasi, difusi, dan pelembagaan norma dari tahap norm emergence, cascade, hingga internalization. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa UNEP berperan sebagai norm entrepreneur yang memulai penyebaran norma melalui inisiatif kelembagaan lintas sektor, yang kemudian memperoleh adopsi luas dan akhirnya menjadi standar regulatif. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa keberhasilan pelembagaan norma ditentukan oleh kombinasi antara kepemimpinan normatif, dukungan kelembagaan, dan insentif reputasional dalam sistem keuangan global. Kata kunci: Keuangan Berkelanjutan, Norma Global, Kelestarian Lingkungan Abstract The global climate crisis stems from accelerating environmental degradation driven by unsustainable development practices. In response, the financial sector has emerged as a key actor in advancing sustainability through the adoption of sustainable finance norms. This study examines how these norms are formed and diffused at the global level, and identifies the principal actors driving the process. Using a qualitative approach and the norm life cycle framework, the research traces the norm’s trajectory through the stages of emergence, cascade, and internalization. Findings indicate that the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), acting as a norm entrepreneur, initiated cross-sectoral institutional partnerships that promoted the integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations. The widespread adoption of these norms and their incorporation into formal regulatory frameworks demonstrate a shift in global financial governance. The study concludes that normative leadership, institutional support, and reputational incentives are key to successful norm institutionalization. Keywords: Environment Sustainability, Global Norms, Sustainable Finance
Religious Legitimacy and Extractive Politics: The Disarticulation of Human Security in Indonesia’s Mining Concessions Zarkasyi, Fajar Imam; Reynaldi, Dwiki Yulian; Shafar, Wildan Ilmanuarif
TEMALI : Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): TEMALI : Jurnal Pembangunan Sosial
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/jt.v9i1.52060

Abstract

This study examines how religious legitimacy shapes and reorders human security discourse within policies granting mining concessions to religious organizations in Indonesia. It departs from the growing involvement of religious actors in extractive sectors and the resulting implications for the protection of people, the environment, and affected communities. Using a qualitative approach grounded in critical discourse analysis and the hegemony theory of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, the study analyzes state statements, elite pronouncements from religious organizations, and national media discourse through systematic coding and relational mapping with NVivo. The findings show that religious concepts—most notably maslahat—operate as a hegemonic nodal point that binds claims of development, welfare, moral obligation, and nationalism into a single chain of equivalence that stabilizes mining concession policies. Within this configuration, human security is not explicitly rejected; rather, it becomes disarticulated and reduced to technical and procedural concerns through the normalization of ecological risks, livelihood vulnerabilities, and social impacts as routine consequences of development. Furthermore, the involvement of religious organizations marks a transformation of religious roles from moral guardians to extractive actors through a mechanism of antagonism displacement, whereby structural conflicts between the state and citizens shift into internal moral debates within organizations. Theoretically, this study affirms that human security constitutes a contested discursive arena rather than a neutral normative framework. It contributes to extractive politics scholarship by demonstrating how religious authority can function as a hegemonic mechanism that stabilizes extractive development while marginalizing ecological and social protection.
Environmental Injustice in Palestine: A Political Ecology Perspective Rahmad, Savina; Shafar, Wildan Ilmanuarif
Journal of Integrative International Relations Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): May
Publisher : Center for Integrative International Studies Laboratory, Faculty of Political and Social Sciences, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/jiir.2026.11.1.94-109

Abstract

This study examines environmental injustice in Palestine through a political ecology perspective amid the escalation of conflict since 2023. The main issue lies in environmental degradation shaped by power relations that govern access to and control over space and natural resources. This study aims to analyze how power structures within the conflict produce ecological inequalities in Gaza and the West Bank. Using a qualitative approach based on literature review, this research draws on international reports, scholarly articles, and policy documents. The findings show that the destruction of environmental infrastructure, restrictions on mobility, and territorial control function as political mechanisms that limit access to water, land, and livelihoods. From a political ecology perspective, these dynamics reflect the intersection of environmental degradation, social marginalization, and resource control, which reinforce distributive, procedural, and social injustices. This study concludes that environmental degradation in Palestine is embedded within political dynamics that structurally deepen inequality and societal vulnerability among Palestinians.
Just Energy Transition dalam Hubungan Internasional Kontemporer: Debat, Kontestasi, dan Politik Keadilan Global Supriatna, Asep Agil; Shafar, Wildan Ilmanuarif
Indonesian Social Science Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Yayasan Lentera Avanya Nagari

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61105/issr.v4i1.399

Abstract

This article maps the Just Energy Transition (JET) debate in contemporary International Relations (IR) literature and identifies its fundamental conceptual contestations. Using qualitative document analysis combined with reflexive thematic analysis of peer-reviewed publications from 1995 to 2025, this study purposively selected literature representing diverse IR theoretical approaches and Global North-South perspectives. The analysis identifies four main themes: International Political Economy and Global Governance, Political Ecology and Energy Justice, Energy Democracy and Socio-Technical Transitions, and Public Policy and Development Studies. Their interaction produces four conceptual contestations: reform versus structural transformation, universalism versus normative particularism, speed versus inclusivity, and epistemic asymmetry between the Global North and Global South. The findings demonstrate that JET is not merely a technical policy matter but a field of global political contestation reflecting deep ontological and epistemological differences about justice, power, and world order transformation. This study contributes the first systematic conceptual mapping of JET debates from an IR lens. Artikel ini memetakan perdebatan Just Energy Transition (JET) dalam literatur Hubungan Internasional (HI) kontemporer dan mengidentifikasi kontestasi konseptual fundamentalnya. Menggunakan analisis dokumen kualitatif dengan reflexive thematic analysis terhadap publikasi peer-reviewed periode 1995-2025, penelitian ini memilih literatur secara purposif yang merepresentasikan beragam pendekatan teoretis HI serta perspektif Global North dan Global South. Analisis mengidentifikasi empat tema utama: Ekonomi Politik Internasional dan Tata Kelola Global, Ekologi Politik dan Keadilan Energi, Demokrasi Energi dan Transisi Sosio-Teknis, serta Kebijakan Publik dan Studi Pembangunan. Interaksi antarkeempat tema menghasilkan empat kontestasi fundamental: reformasi versus transformasi struktural, universalisme versus partikularisme normatif, kecepatan versus inklusivitas, serta asimetri epistemik Global North-South. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa JET dalam perspektif HI bukan sekadar persoalan teknis-kebijakan, melainkan arena kontestasi politik global yang mencerminkan perbedaan ontologis dan epistemologis mengenai keadilan, kekuasaan, dan transformasi tatanan dunia.
Co-Authors Dian Mutmainah Nurul Isnaeni Rahmad, Savina Reynaldi, Dwiki Yulian Sabwanto, Afif Supriatna, Asep Agil Zarkasyi, Fajar Imam