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All Journal AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Emitor: Jurnal Teknik Elektro
Toyib, Toyib
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Religion Humanities Education Engineering Social Sciences

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Analisis Pengaturan Penjualan Obat Bebas dan Obat Bebas Terbatas di Warung dan Toko Kelontong Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Kesehatan Toyib, Toyib; Linda, Maura; Agus, Tri
AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): AKADEMIK: Jurnal Mahasiswa Humanis
Publisher : Perhimpunan Sarjana Ekonomi dan Bisnis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37481/jmh.v4i3.987

Abstract

Public health is a critical component of national development and a fundamental humanright, as stated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Law Number 17 of2023 on Health categorizes drugs into two main types: prescription and non-prescription. In Indonesia, over-the-counter and limited over-the-counter drugs arefrequently sold in small shops and grocery stores. This practice stems from a lack ofpublic awareness regarding regulations governing pharmaceutical service locations, theauthority of pharmaceutical personnel, and standardized distribution channels, compounded by insufficient government oversight. This study aims to conduct a juridicalanalysis of the sale of over-the-counter and limited over-the-counter drugs in smallshops and grocery stores based on the Health Act. The research employed a normativejuridical approach. Article 145 of Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health mandates that over-the-counter and limited over-the-counter drugs must be sourced from pharmaceuticalservice facilities or other authorized outlets, such as hypermarkets, supermarkets, and andminimarkets. Furthermore, Article 436 imposes a criminal penalty of up to IDR200.000.000 on individuals without the proper authority and expertise in pharmaceuticalservices, while Article 439 stipulates imprisonment of up to 5 years or a maximum fineof IDR 500.000.000. Effective law enforcement and supervision by the National Agencyof Drug and Food Control (BPOM), alongside consumer protection, are essential inmaintaining the quality and safety of medications. Although oversight in small shops andgrocery stores is limited, the existing regulatory framework aims to mitigate risks andensure that the drugs in circulation adhere to safety and quality standards.
Design of Arduino-based Overvoltage Type time-lag Relay Aprylianto Susilo, Rizky; Bustani, Bustani; Toyib, Toyib; Qomaruddin, Qomaruddin; Lucky Ziesya, Muhammad; Alfarizza, Rizki; Aditya Yuhendra, Effri
Emitor: Jurnal Teknik Elektro Vol 26, No 1: March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/emitor.v26i1.13687

Abstract

Abstract - Voltage stability is the main prerequisite for electrical equipment to operate safely and reliably. This research design builds a single-phase protection system against overvoltage conditions. It is based on the Arduino Uno microcontroller with a time-lag relay scheme. The PZEM-004T sensor reliably monitors the input voltage of 80-260 V AC and sends the data using the UART communication protocol to the Arduino for analysis against the 192 V and 231 V thresholds. When the voltage exceeds these limits, the Arduino will automatically trigger a 5 V DC relay after a programmed time delay. This ensures that transient disturbances do not trigger premature disconnection of power. A 16x2 I2C LCD interface and three push-buttons allow users to monitor real-time voltage as well as set overvoltage, time-delay and calibration offset limits. Testing of the design results showed that the system successfully disconnected and connected the load according to the parameters, with a voltage reading error of < 1% after calibration and a trip time deviation below 10% of the set point. The research design, using easily accessible components, effectively teaches the principles of overvoltage protection relays, despite technical limitations. Keywords − overvoltage, time-lag relay, arduino, voltage protection.
Co-Authors Aditya Yuhendra, Effri Agus, Tri Alfarizza, Rizki Aprylianto Susilo, Rizky Bustani, Bustani Linda, Maura Lucky Ziesya, Muhammad Qoaruddin Qomaruddin