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Analysis of Average Length of Schooling of Indonesian Citizens in the Future Using Markov Chains Ibrahim, Riza Adrian; Sampath, Sivaperumal
International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research Vol. 2 No. 4 (2022): International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research (IJEER)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (Rescollacom)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijeer.v2i4.391

Abstract

Based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia, the average length of schooling of Indonesian citizens is continuously increasing every year. This increase is predicted to continue in the future. However, it has yet to be discovered how the increasing rate in the average length of schooling will occur. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the increasing rate of the average length of schooling of Indonesian citizens in the future. The data used is the average length of schooling of Indonesian citizens from 2010 to 2021. The analytical method used is the discrete-time Markov chain. Furthermore, the states representing the increasing rate in the average length of schooling used are divided into two: the increasing rate in the average length of schooling that is smaller and larger than the average. Based on the analysis results, the probability that the increasing rate in Indonesian citizens' average length of schooling will be less than the average in the future is 0.4. In contrast, the probability that the increasing rate in Indonesian citizens' average length of schooling will be greater than the average in the future is 0.6. It indicates that Indonesian citizens will have a high education level in the future. The results can be used as the future education state projection of Indonesian citizens so that it can be accompanied by empowerment.
Analysis of the Availability and Gaps of Educational Facilities in Teluk Bintuni Regency Papua Ibrahim, Riza Adrian; Sidiq, Fahmi; Vaidyanatahan, Sundarapandian
International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): International Journal of Ethno-Sciences and Education Research (IJEER)
Publisher : Research Collaboration Community (Rescollacom)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46336/ijeer.v4i2.620

Abstract

Education is recognized as a human right and the main key to a nation's progress. The availability of adequate educational facilities in each region is crucial to ensure equal access to education for all citizens. However, Indonesia faces significant challenges in providing equitable educational facilities, especially considering the diverse geographical and demographic conditions between regions. Teluk Bintuni Regency in West Papua Province is one of the areas that requires special attention in improving educational access and facilities, especially because of its geographical conditions, the majority of which are islands with mountains and sea waters. This research aims to analyze the availability of educational facilities in Teluk Bintuni Regency, with a focus on the type and level of schools. Data obtained from the Education Department shows that by 2023, this district will only have 263 schools, consisting of kindergartens, elementary schools, middle schools, high schools and vocational schools. This figure is still considered insufficient and equitable, especially when compared with the population of around 60,000 people spread across 23 sub-districts. The main challenge in providing equitable educational facilities in Teluk Bintuni Regency involves diverse geographic and demographic conditions. Therefore, it is hoped that this research can provide an in-depth evaluation of the current condition of educational facilities, identify existing gaps, and formulate the need for improving educational facilities in the future based on population growth projections. It is hoped that the results of this research can provide a strong basis for policy making by the Teluk Bintuni Regency Government, especially in terms of planning and budgeting for the equitable development of educational facilities. It is also hoped that the conclusions from this research can become a reference for related agencies, such as the Education Office, Bappeda, and the Teluk Bintuni Regency DPRD, in preparing strategic plans for educational development for the next five years.