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DISIPLIN SUBSIDI PERIKANAN DALAM SISTEM PERDAGANGAN GLOBAL DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PERIKANAN INDONESIA Sitanggang, Dyan F. D.
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2019): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v5i1.3146

Abstract

Government policies providing financial aid to small and medium scale business enterprises are found everywhere around the globe, including those that is managed by Indonesia, and is allowed under the world trade arrangement managed by the WTO. An important part of this policy is subsidies made available to fishing businesses. Be that as it may, overfishing and the resulting fish stock crisis globally has made the practice of subsidizing marine fishing enterprises suspect in light of marine environment protection. This article discusses the issues of fishing subsidies as practiced in Indonesia in view of the current regime of economic law and the need to develop a sustainable fishing practices.
DISIPLIN SUBSIDI PERIKANAN DALAM SISTEM PERDAGANGAN GLOBAL DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI PERIKANAN INDONESIA Sitanggang, Dyan F. D.
Veritas et Justitia Vol. 5 No. 1 (2019): Veritas et Justitia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Parahyangan Catholic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25123/vej.v5i1.3146

Abstract

Government policies providing financial aid to small and medium scale business enterprises are found everywhere around the globe, including those that is managed by Indonesia, and is allowed under the world trade arrangement managed by the WTO. An important part of this policy is subsidies made available to fishing businesses. Be that as it may, overfishing and the resulting fish stock crisis globally has made the practice of subsidizing marine fishing enterprises suspect in light of marine environment protection. This article discusses the issues of fishing subsidies as practiced in Indonesia in view of the current regime of economic law and the need to develop a sustainable fishing practices.
The length-weight relationship of the bigeye scad (Selar crumenophthalmus) captured by purse seiner from FMA 716 of North Sulawesi seawaters: A comparative study of the target species sizes on May and August 2022 Sitanggang, Effendi P.; Budiman, Johnny; Sitanggang, Dyan F. D.
Jurnal Ilmiah PLATAX Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35800/jip.v14i1.66508

Abstract

As a small pelagic fish forming shoals in coastal waters, the bigeye scad (Selar crumenophthalmus Bloch, 1793), which has important economic value, is frequently captured in the FMA 716 of North Sulawesi waters, notably with small fishing gears such as purse seines. The intensiveness captures of the fish may affect the sustainability and continuity of the species. The research aims at analyzing some biological reproduction aspects of bigeye scad based on 400 captured samples, every 200 tails on May 2022 on Agust 2022, taken at random from the purse seine capture that landed at the coastal fishing port of Tumumpa, Manado. Data are analyzed referring to some common formulas, such as: M/F ratio, W-L relationship (W = aLb, W = weight, g), L = length (cmFL), a and b constants, condition factor (K), length at first capture (Lc50%). The length at first maturity (Lm50%) refers to Chodrijah and Faizah (2018) i.e., 18.91 cmFL for male and 17.98 cmFL for female as references. The value of Lm50% was compared with that of Lc50% for determining their worthiness. In general, there were 400 fish samples of both fishing seasons with the total weight of 64,554 g, where the length and weight were 21.56 ± 0.12 cm and 161.39 ± 3.53 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.0827 L3.5185 (r = 0.90; R = 81.0%). Of 400 samples, there were 176 males (44% of total samples) with the weight of 25,234 g (39.1% of total weight) where its length and weight ranged 20.93 ± 0.15 cm and 143.38 ± 3.81 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.1486 L 3.0725 (r = 0.86; R = 73.3%);. While the rest consisted of 224 females (56% of total samples) with a weight of 39,320 g (60.9% of total weight), where the length and weight ranged 22.05 ± 0.15 cm and 175.54 ± 4.80 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.0626 L 3.7273 (r = 0.89; R = 79.3%). The sex and weight ratios were 1:1.27 and 1:1.56, respectively. In May, there were 200 samples with a weight of 33,439 g (51.8% of the total weight), consisting of 96 males (48%) and 104 females (52%), with the weights of 42.4% and 57.6%, respectively. For 96 males, the length and weight of males ranged 20.94 ± 0.22 cm and 147.79 ± 5.52 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.1495 L 3.0770 (r = 0.86; R = 74.6%); while for 104 females, the length and weight of females ranged 22.25 ± 0.21 cm and 185.11 ± 6.89 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.0567 L 3.8076 (r = 0.90; R = 80.3%). The sex and weight ratios were 1:1.08 and 1:1.36, respectively. Without regarding gender, the length and weight ranged 21.62 ± 0.17 cm and 167.20 ± 5.15 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.0865 L 3.4926 (r = 0.91; R = 82.4%). In August, there were 200 samples with a weight of 31,115 g (48.2% of the total weight), consisting of 80 males (40%) and 120 females (60%), with the weight of 35.5% and 64.5% respectivel. For 80 males, the length and weight ranged 20.91 ± 0.20 cm and 138.08 ± 4.93 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.1519 L 3.0455 (r = 0.88; R = 76.9%); while for 104 females, the length and weight ranged 21.88 ± 0.20 cm and 167.24 ± 6.34 g in average respectively, following the relation W = 0.0791 L3.5471 (r = 0.88; R = 78.0%). The sex and weight ratios were 1:1.50 and 1:1.82, respectively. Without regarding gender, the length and weight ranged 21.49 ± 0.16 cm and 155.58 ± 4.71,,g respectively, following the relation W = 0.0838 L 3.5010 (r = 0.90; R = 81.2%). By using Lm50% reference 18.91 cm and Lc 18.33 cm, it was found that 69.0% of 200 fish samples are classified as the bigeye scad species, which are still worthy captures, with K ranges 1.82 - 2.73 (2.26 ± 0.02). Using Lm reference 18.91 cm and Lc 19.12 cm, it was found that 70.0% of 200 fish samples are classified as appropriate for catching bigeye scad. In this case, it means that the bigeye scad captured at two different fishing seasons from FMA 716 of North Sulawesi seawaters are still at a worthy size range to catch. The use of the given mesh size range of the webbing is highly effective in catching these fish. Keywords: bigeye scad, length-weight relationship, FMA 716, fish conservation