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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Forest and Society Asian Journal of Agriculture
Landicho, Leila D.
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Social Sciences Veterinary

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Determinants of the decision to adopt climate change adaptation strategies among smallholder upland farmers in Southeast Asia Landicho, Leila D.; Van, Nam Le; Ximenes, Agusthino
Forest and Society Vol. 7 No. 2 (2023): NOVEMBER
Publisher : Forestry Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24259/fs.v7i2.22641

Abstract

This article argues that local adaptive capacity of the smallholder farmers determines their decision to adopt climate change adaptation strategies in the upland farming communities in the Philippines. This argument is based on the research conducted in the selected upland farming communities in the Philippines, Vietnam and Timor-Leste in 2017-2018 using the Local Adaptive Capacity (LAC) framework as the theoretical foundation. The study involved a survey of 637 upland farmers who were selected using simple random sampling; focus group discussion; key informant interviews; and, farm visits. Results revealed that the smallholder farmers across the three countries had low level of adaptive capacity. Binary logistics regression also indicates that leadership (p=.078) and innovations (p=.000) are the factors that influence farmers to adopt climate change adaptation strategies in the Philippines, while knowledge (p=0.000) and community assets (p=0.000) as the determinants among the smallholder farmers in Vietnam. In Timor-Leste, the decision to adopt climate change adaptation strategies are community assets (p=0.001), knowledge (p=0.000), and innovations (p=0.007). These results suggest an urgent need of enhancing the local adaptive capacity of smallholder farmers to be able to adapt to the impacts of climate change.
ECOLOGICAL SERVICES OF AGROFORESTRY LANDSCAPES IN SELECTED WATERSHED AREAS IN THE PHILIPPINES AND INDONESIA Baliton, Romnick S.; Wulandari, Christine; Landicho, Leila D.; Cabahug, Rowena E. D.; Paelmo, Roselyn F.; Comia, Reynaldo A.; Visco, Roberto G.; Budiono, Pitojo; Herwanti, Susni; Rusita, Rusita; Castillo, Arnold Karl SA.
BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 1 (2017): BIOTROPIA Vol. 24 No. 1 April 2017
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2017.24.1.621

Abstract

This article argues that the practice of agroforestry provides ecological contributions to smallholder farmers cultivating in watershed areas. Specifically, this farming system contributes to the carbon sequestration potential of woody perennials and the biodiversity conservation of other system components. This argument is based on research conducted in the Molawin-Dampalit Sub-Watershed, Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve in the Philippines, and the Way Betung Watershed in Indonesia. The research involved interview sessions with 106 and 261 smallholder farmers, and the assessment of 27 and 14 agroforestry plots for carbon stock assessment and biodiversity assessment, respectively. Results indicated that the total carbon found among the crop components was 52.32 MgC/ha in the Molawin-Dampalit Sub-Watershed and 244.26 MgC/ha in the Way Betung Watershed, suggesting a high carbon sequestration potential of woody perennials and understory crops in an agroforestry system. The farm lots cultivated by smallholder farmers were found to contribute to biodiversity conservation, having a moderate biodiversity index of 2.59 and 2.53, respectively. With these findings, the promotion of desired agroforestry systems in suitable portions of watershed areas should be intensified to contribute to ecological balance across the landscape. Agroforestry should always be an integral part of all initiatives toward ecological restoration, with cultivators or smallholder farmers as potential partners. The agroforestry system should consider all technical and socioeconomic factors to ensure diverse components and provide food security for smallholder farmers throughout the year.
Food security and resilience of smallholder nature-positive farmers in Quezon, Philippines LANDICHO, LEILA D.; ABADILLOS, MARY ANNE G.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 9 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Smujo International

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Abstract. Landicho LD, Abadillos MAG. 2025. Food security and resilience of smallholder nature-positive farmers in Quezon, Philippines. Asian J Agric 9: 712-726. The agriculture sector, particularly smallholder farmers, is highly vulnerable to climate and non-climate shocks, including extreme weather events, pest and disease outbreaks, and market price fluctuations. Promoting nature-positive food production, defined as the regenerative, non-depleting, and non-destructive use of natural resources, offers an important strategy to strengthen resilience and food security in farming communities. Agroforestry and organic agriculture are two farming systems that embody nature-positive principles by enhancing soil health, diversifying farm outputs, and minimizing dependence on synthetic inputs. Therefore, this study aims to assess the food security and resilience levels of smallholder farmers engaged in organic farming and agroforestry in Sariaya, Quezon, Philippines. This study assessed the food security and resilience of 159 agroforestry and 30 organic farmers in Sariaya, Quezon, Philippines, using household surveys, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Results showed that agroforestry and organic farmers achieved moderate to high levels of food security, with mean scores of 6.98 and 7.34, respectively, across the four dimensions of food availability, accessibility, stability, and utilization. However, financial and social capital remain the weakest links, limiting the overall resilience of smallholder systems. The study underscores that nature-positive approaches enhance both ecological integrity and household resilience. Strengthening institutional support, value-chain participation, and adaptive capacity can further sustain food systems under climate and economic stress.
Co-Authors ABADILLOS, MARY ANNE G. Baliton, Romnick S. Cabahug, Rowena E. D. Castillo, Arnold Karl SA. Christine Wulandari Comia, Reynaldo A. Paelmo, Roselyn F. Pitojo Budiono rusita rusita Susni Herwanti Van, Nam Le Visco, Roberto G. Ximenes, Agusthino