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All Journal Jurnal Masharif al-Syariah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah JSE: Jurnal Sharia Economica
Warsidi
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Economics, Econometrics & Finance Social Sciences

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Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Interseksi Hak Tanggungan Atas Tanah dan Hukum Perwakafan Warsidi; Suhartono; Isma Swadjaja
Jurnal Masharif al-Syariah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah Vol 10 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jms.v10i2.27386

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengkaji konflik normatif antara hak tanggungan atas tanah dalam hukum agraria nasional dan hukum perwakafan dalam perspektif hukum Islam. Sistem hukum Indonesia mengakui hak tanggungan sebagai jaminan pelunasan utang yang dapat dibebankan pada hak atas tanah, sementara hukum Islam menegaskan bahwa tanah wakaf adalah harta yang bersifat abadi, tidak boleh diperjualbelikan, diwariskan, atau dijadikan objek jaminan utang. Konflik muncul ketika tanah yang telah diwakafkan dijadikan objek hak tanggungan, baik disengaja maupun tidak, yang berpotensi melanggar prinsip-prinsip syariah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan pendekatan yuridis, fikih, dan maqashid syariah untuk menganalisis status hukum tanah wakaf yang dijaminkan, interseksi antara hak tanggungan dan hukum wakaf, serta menawarkan solusi hukum Islam yang aplikatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlunya harmonisasi regulasi dan penegakan hukum yang menghormati prinsip syariah serta kepastian hukum nasional agar tanah wakaf tidak disalahgunakan sebagai objek jaminan utang, sekaligus mengoptimalkan fungsi sosial dan spiritual wakaf dalam pembangunan umat.
ANALYSIS OF THE MUZARA'AH CONTRACT IN THE PRODUCTION SHARING SYSTEM OF SHALLOT FARMING IN KETAPANG VILLAGE, KADEMANGAN DISTRICT, PROBOLINGGO Amalia, Diana Rizky Amalia; Warsidi; Isma Swadjaja
JSE: Jurnal Sharia Economica Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Januari
Publisher : LPPM STAI Muhammadiyah Probolinggo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46773/jse.v5i1.2883

Abstract

This study analyzes the implementation of muzara'ah contracts in shallot farming in Ketapang Village, Kademangan District, Probolinggo City as a community empowerment effort. Using a qualitative descriptive approach with case studies, this research involved 20 respondents consisting of 10 landowners and 10 cultivating farmers through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. The results show that muzara'ah practices have been implemented generationally through a 90:10 profit-sharing pattern based on oral agreements grounded in trust and kinship values, where landowners provide land, seeds, fertilizers, and other agricultural inputs, while cultivating farmers contribute labor and some equipment. The implementation of muzara'ah contracts is substantially in accordance with Islamic economic law principles, fulfilling the pillars and conditions including aqidain (100%), ma'qud 'alaih (85%), ijab qabul (100%), timeframe (95%), and profit-sharing proportion (100%), as well as applying the principles of an-taradhin (mutual consent), proportional justice, maslahah (public interest), and ta'awun (mutual cooperation). The integration of muzara'ah concepts has contributed to community empowerment through the enabling dimension with average income ≥IDR 5,000,000 per season allowing basic needs fulfillment and children's education, the empowering dimension with 85% farmers reporting improved cultivation knowledge, 90% capable of cost analysis, and 60% involved in farmer groups, and the protecting dimension that protects cultivating farmers from crop failure losses borne entirely by capital owners. However, challenges remain including lack of formal documentation (100% oral agreements), limited access to capital (75%), price fluctuations (90%), limited access to modern agricultural technology (65%), and limited understanding of muamalah fiqh aspects (35%).
Co-Authors Amalia, Diana Rizky Amalia Isma Swadjaja Suhartono