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MUTHMAINAH .
Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Asosiasi Pengetahuan Mengenai Rokok dengan Sikap dan Perilaku Merokok pada Remaja HIDAYAH, ROCHIMA RIDHA; PROBANDARI, ARI NATALIA; ., MUTHMAINAH
Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Background: The level of knowledge on smoking may influences the attitudes and behavior of smoking. A previous research found that, smoking behavior began in the early years of teenage (11-15 years old). This study aimed to determine the association between the level of knowledge about the dangers of smoking cigarettes and attitudes toward smoking and smoking behavior in early adolescence. Methods: The study design was an observational analytic cross-sectional study  which was conducted during March 2012 among 98 students of SMP Negeri 01 Colomadu, Karanganyar. Sampling technique in this study was multi-stage cluster sampling. We used a questionnaire to measure current knowledge on smoking and the dangers of smoking, attitudes, and smoking behavior, which had been tested validity and reliability. Data analysis used the Fisher Exact Test and Chi-Square Test. Results: This study found no statistical significant relationship between the level of knowledge of the attitudes toward smoking (p = 0,509; OR = 1,86; Cl95% = 0,45-7,66). The level of knowledge increased the risk of smoking behavior in the past by 0,7 times (p = 0,366; OR = 1,50; Cl95% = 0,62-3,62), but not statistical significantly. There were no statistical significant relationship between the level of knowledge of the behavior of current smoking (p = 0,311; OR = 4,23; Cl95% = 0,42-42,20) and past smoking (p = 0,366; OR = 1,50; Cl95% = 0,62-3,62). Conclusions: The knowledge has no statistical significant association with adolescent attitudes toward smoking and smoking behavior of adolescents. Further research with stronger study designs are needed to study the association between knowledge, attitude on smoking and smoking behavior among early teenagers. Keywords: Level of knowledge challenged cigarettes, attitudes, smoking behavior. 
Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Buah Naga Putih (Hylocereus undatus) terhadap Kerusakan Histologis Sel Hepar Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinduksi Parasetamol Kurniawan, Ardelia; ., Muthmainah; Murti, Bhisma
Nexus Biomedika Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Antioxidants in white dragon fruit are vitamin A, C, E, and polyphenol which are estimated having hepatoprotective function. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of ethanol extract of white dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) to the histological damage of the hepar cells of mice (Mus musculus) induced by paracetamol. Methods : This research was Randomized Controlled Trial design with sample of 28 Swiss Webster mice, male, 2-3 months old, and ±20 grams of weight each. The sample was divided into 4 groups by randomization. The control group (KK) and the treatment group 1 (KP1) were fed aquadest orally 0,3 ml/20 g body weight a day for 14 days. The treatment group 2 (KP2 ) and 3 (KP3) were fed 70 and 140 mg/20 g body weight the extract of white dragon fruit a day for 14 days. On the 12th to 14th days, mice of KP1, KP2, and KP3 were treated by 5,07 mg paracetamol per 20 g body weight. On the 15th day, hepars of mice were taken and stainned with HE for histopathological study. The hepar cells of mice were observed microscopically by counting the number of necrosis cells on the centrolobuler zone. The data were analyzed by Oneway ANOVA test and Post Hoc test. Results: The average damage of hepar cells in the KK, KP1, KP2, KP3 was 21,79±2,69; 63,79±6,41; 32,07±2,97; 19,36±1,91 consecutively. The results of Oneway ANOVA test showed a significant difference in all group (p<0.001). The results of Post Hoc test showed significant differences between KK-KP1, KK-KP2, KP1-KP2, KP1-KP3, KP2-KP3 with p<0.001, except KK-KP3 with p=0.06. Conclusions : The ethanol extract of white dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) can prevent the histological damage of the hepar cells of mice (Mus musculus) induced by paracetamol. Keywords : ethanol extract of white dragon fruit, paracetamol, damage of hepar cells
Co-Authors Ardelia Kurniawan Ari Natalia Probandari Bhisma Murti ROCHIMA RIDHA HIDAYAH