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MALE GAZE DALAM SASTRA FEMINIS: STUDI ATAS KARYA ABIDAH EL KHALIEQY DAN RATIH KUMALA Febrianto, Anggit; Udasmoro, Wening
Widyaparwa Vol 51, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/wdprw.v51i2.1244

Abstract

Since the fall of Suharto in May 1998, women's involvement in literature has increased rapidly, causing a rush of feminist themes and content in literary works in this period. However, the literary works of women writers, even female feminists, are still unable to escape the tendency to objectify women. This study will show how women are positioned as objects of the voyeuristic scopophilia and fetishistic scopophilia of men in the Abidah El Khalieqy’s Perempuan Berkalung Sorban and Geni Jora and Ratih Kumala’s Tabula Rasa and Gadis Kretek. This study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques were carried out using the literature study method, namely by reading carefully and thoroughly the four material object novels. Collected data will be analyzed using Male Gaze Theory by Laura Mulvey. The results of this study show that in the four novels, women consistently manifest as objects of the voyeuristic scopophilia and fetishistic scopophilia of men. This finding can be seen in the voyeuristic relationship between Samsudin-Annisa in Perempuan Berkalung Sorban, Zakky-Lola in Geni Jora, Idroes-Roemaisa in Gadis Kretek; as well as in the Galih-Krasnaya fetishistic relationship in Tabula Rasa. As voyeuristic objects, women bodies are degraded as appropriate territory to be conquered by men; while as a fetishistic object, women are constructed as a "perfect product" that functions to satisfy men's visual desires. Sejak kejatuhan Soeharto pada Mei 1998, keterlibatan perempuan di ranah sastra meningkat dengan pesat sehingga menyebabkan derasnya tema dan muatan feminisme dalam karya sastra pada pe-riode ini. Akan tetapi karya sastra dari penulis perempuan, bahkan dari feminis perempuan sekalipun, masih belum mampu keluar dari kecenderungan untuk mengobjektifikasi perempuan. Penelitian ini akan menunjukkan bagaimana perempuan didudukkan sebagai objek voyeuristic scopophilia dan fetishistic scopophilia laki-laki di dalam novel Perempuan Berkalung Sorban dan Geni Jora karya Abidah El Khalieqy serta Tabula Rasa dan Gadis Kretek karya Ratih Kumala. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode studi pustaka, yaitu dengan pembacaan yang cermat dan menyeluruh terhadap empat novel objek material. Data yang sudah terkumpul kemudian akan dianalisis menggunakan Teori Male Gaze Laura Mulvey. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam keempat novel objek material, pe-rempuan secara konsisten diposisikan sebagai objek voyeuristic scopophilia dan fetishistic scopophilia laki-laki. Temuan ini dapat dilihat dalam relasi voyeuristic Samsudin-Annisa di Perempuan Berkalung Sorban, Zakky-Lola di Geni Jora, Idroes-Roemaisa di Gadis Kretek; serta dalam relasi fetishistic Galih-Krasnaya di Tabula Rasa. Sebagai objek voyeuristic, tubuh perempuan didegradasi menjadi sebuah teritori yang pantas ditaklukkan laki-laki; sementara sebagai objek fetishistic, perempuan dikonstruksi sebagai sebuah “produk sempurna” yang berfungsi memuaskan hasrat visual laki-laki.
PEREMPUAN SEBAGAI OBJEK MALE GAZE PEMBACA: TELAAH KRITIS KARYA SASTRA FEMINIS PEREMPUAN INDONESIA Febrianto, Anggit; Udasmoro, Wening
Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 8 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajbs.2024.080101

Abstract

Since the fall of Suharto in May 1998, women's involvement in literature has increased rapidly, causing a rush of feminist themes and content in literary works in this period. However, the literary works of women writers, even female feminists, are still unable to escape the tendency to objectify women. This research will show that in the works of female feminist writers, female characters are still displayed as objects of the reader’s male gaze. Four novels will be studied, namely Perempuan Berkalung Sorban and Geni Jora by Abidah El Khalieqy, and Tabula Rasa and Gadis Kretek by Ratih Kumala. This study is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques were carried out using the literature study method, namely by reading carefully and thoroughly the four material object novels. Collected data will be analyzed using the Male Gaze Theory by Laura Mulvey. According to the Male Gaze Theory, women are constantly looked at, watched, and displayed, with a certain appearance that has a strong visual and sexual influence so that they are referred to as to-be-looked-at-ness. The results of this study show that in the four novels, there are two repeated patterns, that consistently place women as objects of the reader’s male gaze, namely (1) the exposure of women's intimate organs in an erotic context and (2) beautiful and detailed descriptions of women's faces and bodies.
VISI KOSMOPOLITANISME DALAM NOVEL PERJALANAN SELIMUT DEBU KARYA AGUSTINUS WIBOWO Prasetyo, Hadi; Safitri, Fajar Diana; Febrianto, Anggit
Fon : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2025): Fon: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25134/fon.v21i1.10949

Abstract

In Indonesia, travel writing has experienced quite rapid development and has become the subject of many studies in literary research. However, of the various previous studies that have been conducted, there has been no research that has attempted to examine travel writing using Debbie Lisle's theory. In general, the theory used in various previous studies is the travel writing theory initiated by Carl Thompson. In this research, the author will try to investigate the cosmopolitan vision in the novel Selimut Debu by Agustinus Wibowo using Debbie Lisle's travel writing theory. This research uses qualitative method. The data collection technique was carried out using the literature study method, namely by carefully and thoroughly reading linguistic units in the form of dialogue, monologue and narrative contained in the novel Selimut Debu. The data that has been collected will then be analyzed using Debbie Lisle's Travel Writing Theory. The results of this research show that the novel Selimut Debu contains several characteristics of cosmopolitanism, namely: first, this novel displays an acceptance of the celebration of differences; second, Agustinus frames each encounter in a constructive way that often displays empathy and sympathy; third, Agustinus continues to move, moving from one space to another to show the uniqueness of the differences he encounters and each space he visits becomes a means to celebrate differences in identity; and fourth, highlighting cultural traditions is an important element in the novel Selimut Debu.
SAIJAH-ADINDA DAN PENGAKUAN SUKAB: SEBUAH KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA DAN INTERTEKSTUAL Febrianto, Anggit
Bahterasia : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Vol 6, No 2 (2025): BAHTERASIA VOLUME 6 NO 2 2025
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia FKIP UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/jpbsi.v6i2.24312

Abstract

Salah satu novel paling sukses dan berpengaruh di dunia adalah Max Havelaar karya Multatuli. Di Indonesia, pengaruh Max Havelaar terlihat jelas dalam karya Seno Gumira Ajidarma yang berjudul Pengaduan Sukab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan studi perbandingan terhadap kedua karya sastra tersebut, sehingga dapat diketahui persamaan dan perbedaan keduanya baik secara tekstual maupun kontekstual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan dua tahap penelitian, yaitu tahap pengumpulan data dan tahap analisis data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode studi kepustakaan, dan data yang telah terkumpul selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan Teori Semiotika dan Teori Intertekstual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa “Kisah Saijah-Adinda” dalam Max Havelaar sebagai teks hipogram, telah memberikan pengaruh yang cukup kuat dan signifikan terhadap Pengaduan Sukab. Beberapa persamaan antara Saijah-Adinda dan Pengaduan Sukab adalah: pertama, penggunaan narator orang pertama. Kedua, berisi kritik pedas terhadap penguasa dan keberpihakan pada kaum tertindas. Ketiga, menggambarkan kesewenang-wenangan penguasa dalam menangkap dan menghukum masyarakat. Keempat, ada bumbu romansa di setiap cerita. Adapun beberapa perbedaan antara Saijah-Adinda dan Pengaduan Sukab adalah: pertama, perbedaan “memanggil” penguasa secara tegas. Kedua, perbedaan nuansa keagamaan. Ketiga, perbedaan nasib tokoh-tokoh dalam cerita. Keempat, perbedaan kesewenang-wenangan dalam merampas harta benda rakyat.