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Urgensi Penerapan Responsibility to Protect Guna Menangani Pemerkosaan Sistematik Dalam Konflik Bersenjata Internasional Harris, Rahadyan Fajar; Nugroho, Inaz Indra; Assabili, Farabi
Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal Vol 1 No 2 (2021): IPMHI Law Journal, July-December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ipmhi.v1i2.53510

Abstract

Kepenulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui urgensi penerapan prinsip Tanggung Jawab untuk melindungi (Responsibility to Protect) dalam menangani kasus pemerkosaan sistematik yang terjadi di wilayah yang sedang mengalami sengketa konflik bersenjata internasional (International armed conflict). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Penelitian ini menemukan fakta bahwa pemerkosaan sistematik telah menjadi strategi peperangan selama berabad-abad dengan wanita dan anak perempuan sebagai korbannya. PBB memperkirakan lebih dari 60.000 wanita diperkosa selama perang saudara di Sierra Leone (1991-2002), 40.000 di Liberia (1989-2003), 60.000 di bekas Yugoslavia (1992-1995), dan setidaknya 200.000 di Republik Demokratik Kongo sejak 1998. Sehingga secara yuridis, pemerkosaan sistematik tergolong ke dalam pelanggaran berat (grave breach) dalam kerangka hukum humaniter Internasional. Selain itu, tergolong pula ke dalam kejahatan perang (war crimes) ataupun kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan (crime against humanity) berdasarkan Statuta Roma 1998. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan prinsip Responsibility to Protect sebagai alternatif penyelesaian kasus pemerkosaan sistematik pada sengketa konflik bersenjata Internasional. Kebaruan penelitian ini ialah penyajian analisis topik pemerkosaan sistematik dalam sengketa konflik bersenjata internasional melalui kerangka hukum humaniter internasional, yang mana belum banyak diteliti di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan, bahwasanya meskipun telah terdapat instrumen hukum internasional, masih terdapat banyak pelanggaran berat, kejahatan perang, ataupun kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan yang terjadi dalam sengketa konflik bersenjata Internasional. Oleh karena itu, penerapan prinsip Responsibility to Protect menjadi suatu urgensi guna mendorong tanggung jawab negara dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap korban pemerkosaan sistematik dengan sistem intervensi dalam rangka mencegah dan menghentikan pelanggaran berat yang terjadi dalam konflik bersenjata internasional.
Formulasi Yuridis Terhadap Urgensi Perancangan Kebijakan Pajak Karbon Sebagai Pendorong Transisi Energi Baru Terbarukan Berdasarkan Pancasila Harris, Rahadyan Fajar; Ramadhan, Muhammad Fariz Adhyaksa
Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal Vol 2 No 2 (2022): IPMHI Law Journal, July-December 2022
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang in collaboration with Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ipmhi.v2i2.54653

Abstract

Mitigasi perubahan iklim setelah pandemi Covid-19 telah menjadi masalah global yang vital. Salah satu alasannya adalah sektor industri yang terus tumbuh pasca perlambatan ekonomi selama pandemi dan menjadi ancaman besar bagi lingkungan. Menanggapi memburuknya perubahan iklim, "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change" (UNFCCC) telah merumuskan kebijakan untuk memitigasi perubahan iklim dengan mengurangi emisi karbon. Sebagai anggota, Indonesia telah menyatakan komitmennya untuk mengurangi emisi karbon sebesar 29% hingga 41% pada tahun 2030 melalui kerja sama internasional yang dituangkan dalam Perjanjian Paris. Mengikuti komitmen internasional tersebut, Indonesia harus merancang kebijakan pajak karbon yang efektif mengurangi emisi karbon. Selain itu, pajak karbon dapat menjadi langkah awal dalam pelaksanaan transisi energi fosil ke energi baru dan terbarukan. Namun faktanya, akibat kenaikan biaya produksi, penerapan pajak karbon disinyalir menyebabkan kenaikan harga, yang berujung pada penurunan tenaga kerja dan peningkatan pengangguran. Selain itu, daya beli masyarakat juga akan melemah. Sehingga berdampak besar pada tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun rencana pajak karbon yang akan mengurangi emisi karbon dengan tetap menitikberatkan pada kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif untuk melakukan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rancangan pajak karbon harus sejalan dengan nilai Pancasila, agar kesejahteraan masyarakat dapat sejalan dengan komitmen pemerintah.
Advocacy on Combating Hunger Harris, Rahadyan Fajar; Wahyuni, Indria; Prihatiningtyas, Wilda
Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services Vol 5 No 1 (2023): Various Issues on Advocacy, Policy-Making, and Law Enforcement
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijals.v5i1.67726

Abstract

The imperative to expedite the reduction of stunting rates has emerged as a paramount policy goal, garnering unanimous support from local governments across Indonesia. Banyuwangi Regency, in its commitment to this cause, has introduced the Banyuwangi Tanggap Stunting (BTS) Program, an innovative initiative aimed at diminishing stunting prevalence. The success of this program hinges on the endorsement and proactive involvement of all village governments within Banyuwangi Regency. Crucially, the efficacy of such policies necessitates a foundation rooted in the Political Will of village governments to facilitate implementation. This study delves into the case of Kedunggebang Village, situated in the Tegaldlimo District, which has embarked on the BTS program through a collaborative, cross-sectoral approach and extensive community counseling efforts. The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the Political Will exhibited by the Kedunggebang village government in supporting the BTS initiative, while also examining the impediments encountered during its implementation. Employing qualitative descriptive methods and in-depth interviews, this research employs the Brinkerhoff Theory as an analytical framework. Notably, the study stands out as a multidisciplinary exploration, scrutinizing public health concerns through the lenses of public policy and government bureaucracy. The findings reveal a nuanced scenario where the Kedunggebang Village Government demonstrates a lower level of Political Will, yet exhibits the capacity to effectively implement the BTS program. Consequently, the study advocates for essential bureaucratic reforms, including the enactment of village regulations, the formulation of comprehensive village development plans, and the establishment of a dedicated task force to accelerate the reduction of stunting rates.
The The Legal Challenges to Regulate New Energy in Indonesia: A Context of Green Legislation Vs State Control Harris, Rahadyan Fajar; Wahyuni, Indria; Prihatiningtyas, Wilda
Ikatan Penulis Mahasiswa Hukum Indonesia Law Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2023): IPMHI Law Journal, July 2023
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ipmhi.v3i2.67513

Abstract

The Legislation of Indonesian New Energy and Renewable Energy Law (RUU EBET) received a negative response from various circles of society and academia. Main concept of the EBET Bill as green legislation is expected could encourage the energy transition and low-carbon development by reducing fossil energy and increasing the role of renewable energy. However, the internalization of new energy sources in the formulation of the EBET Bill, which is a product of fossil energy derivatives, is considered to hinder the energy transition process, so it is encouraged to be abolished. Nevertheless, the academic paper of the EBET Bill actually reveals that there is a national interest that is also urgent to be regulated in the EBET Bill, which is state control of new energy sources whose governance is still unclear. Therefore, this paper aims to explain the juridical conflict in the position of the EBET Bill as green legislation and at the same time as an instrument of state control over natural resources. The method used is normative juridical with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results of the research show that the EBET Bill should have two complementary goals, namely mitigating climate change through accelerating the energy transition and managing new energy sources that are still not organized in an orderly manner. The two goals are not to contradict one another, but serve as mutually reinforcing roadmaps. Keywords EBET Bill, Green Legislation, New Energy Source, New Energy, State Control.
Advocacy on Combating Hunger: Political Will of the Kedunggebang Village Government to Implement Banyuwangi Tanggap Stunting Programs in 2022 Harris, Rahadyan Fajar; Wahyuni, Indria; Prihatiningtyas, Wilda
Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): Various Issues on Advocacy, Policy-Making, and Law Enforcement
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijals.v5i1.29845

Abstract

The imperative to expedite the reduction of stunting rates has emerged as a paramount policy goal, garnering unanimous support from local governments across Indonesia. Banyuwangi Regency, in its commitment to this cause, has introduced the Banyuwangi Tanggap Stunting (BTS) Program, an innovative initiative aimed at diminishing stunting prevalence. The success of this program hinges on the endorsement and proactive involvement of all village governments within Banyuwangi Regency. Crucially, the efficacy of such policies necessitates a foundation rooted in the Political Will of village governments to facilitate implementation. This study delves into the case of Kedunggebang Village, situated in the Tegaldlimo District, which has embarked on the BTS program through a collaborative, cross-sectoral approach and extensive community counseling efforts. The primary objective of this research is to elucidate the Political Will exhibited by the Kedunggebang village government in supporting the BTS initiative, while also examining the impediments encountered during its implementation. Employing qualitative descriptive methods and in-depth interviews, this research employs the Brinkerhoff Theory as an analytical framework. Notably, the study stands out as a multidisciplinary exploration, scrutinizing public health concerns through the lenses of public policy and government bureaucracy. The findings reveal a nuanced scenario where the Kedunggebang Village Government demonstrates a lower level of Political Will, yet exhibits the capacity to effectively implement the BTS program. Consequently, the study advocates for essential bureaucratic reforms, including the enactment of village regulations, the formulation of comprehensive village development plans, and the establishment of a dedicated task force to accelerate the reduction of stunting rates.