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Pratamawati, Tiar Masykuroh
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TNF-α -308 G/A Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Cirebon, Indonesia Oktaviyati, Nurfithria; Pratamawati, Tiar Masykuroh; Nauphar, Donny
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1s (2025): Special Issues
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-81s1159

Abstract

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of pulmonary tuberculosis, spreads via droplets. The TNF-α-308 G/A gene polymorphism is one of the host genetic variables that may affect an individual's vulnerability to the disease. However, this polymorphism has not been studied in Cirebon. Aims: To analyze the TNF-α -308 G/A gene polymorphism as a risk factor for the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Cirebon. Methods: A total of 64 participants joined part in an analytical observational study using a case-control design at the Biomolecular and Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Indonesia. DNA extraction from blood samples, ARMS-PCR genotyping, and 1.5% electrophoresis gel visualization were all part of the data gathering process. The chi-square test was used to analyze the data. This study including inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, and sample control for the research. Results: According to the study, there is no link between Cirebon's risk of pulmonary tuberculosis and the polymorphism in the TNF-α-308 G/A gene (OR = 0.462; P > 0.05). However, the study shown a protective factors which means that individuals with the TNF-α -308 G/A gene polymorphism have a lower risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis compared to those without the polymorphism. Conclusion: The TNF-α-308 G/A gene variant is not associated with an increased risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Cirebon community.
Potassium Inwardly Rectifying Channel Subfamily J Member 11 (KCNJ11) RS5219 Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia: A Case Control Study Putri, Annisa Septiani Putri; Pratamawati, Tiar Masykuroh; Nauphar, Donny
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 8 No. 1s (2025): Special Issues
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-81s1160

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by the failure of the pancreas to produce the hormone insulin or ineffective use of the hormone insulin. It is estimated that 537 million adults aged 20-79 years worldwide suffer from DM. Genetics is one of the risk factors involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 DM. The KCNJ11 gene encodes the Kir6.2 protein that is responsible for adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium ion channels (kATP) synthesis in pancreatic beta cells plasma membrane. Aims: This study aims to examine the KCNJ11 rs5219 gene polymorphism as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Cirebon population. Methods: This case control study involved 29 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 29 healthy controls with purposive sampling technique. Sample data was obtained through the examination of blood sugar, DNA extraction, PCR-RFLP with Eco24I restriction enzyme, then visualization of the results with Gel Electrophoresis. Results: The frequency of G allele was found more in the case group (70%) while the frequency of A allele was found more in the control group (38%). The frequency of heterozygous GA genotype was found more in the control group (48.3%) and the frequency of homozygous mutant AA genotype was more in the case group (17.2%) compared to the control group (13.8%). Chi-Square Test results obtained p-value 0.115, OR value 2.318. Conclusion: This study showed no significant association between Potassium Inwardly Rectifying Channel Subfamily J Member 11 (KCNJ11) rs5219 gene polymorphism and the incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Cirebon population.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) G8790A Gene Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Essential Hypertension Husna, Nazaul; Nauphar, Donny; Pratamawati, Tiar Masykuroh
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 8 No. 2s (2025): Special Issues
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-82s1231

Abstract

Background: Globally, the number of people with hypertension has doubled, from 650 million to 1.3 billion. The World Health Organization reported that hypertension is responsible for more than 10 million deaths every year. Essential hypertension is a multifactorial condition with genetics as one of the factors. Genome-Wide Association Study has identified several genes associated with hypertension, one of which is the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) gene. Essential hypertension may be predisposed to by the G8790A polymorphism of the ACE2 gene, which is hypothesized to interfere with the normal function of the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS). Aims: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the ACE2 G8790A gene polymorphism in Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia, is associated with an increased risk of essential hypertension. Methods: This is a case-control study conducted at the Talun Health Center, Cirebon Regency, April-August 2024, involving 30 essential hypertensive patients and 30 healthy controls. The study population comprised adults aged 30 to 72 years. Data was obtained through the examination of blood pressure, DNA extraction, PCR-RFLP with ALUI restriction enzyme, and then visualization of the results with Gel Electrophoresis. The Chi-Square Test technique and the Odds Ratio (OR) computation were used to analyze the data. Results: The G allele was higher in the case group 33 (55%), while the A allele was higher in the control group 34 (56.7%). The statistical analysis showed that there was no significant link between the ACE2 G8790A gene variation and essential hypertension, with a p-value of 0.592 (p > 0.05) (OR = 0.750; CI = 0.262–2.151). Conclusion: The ACE2 gene G8790A polymorphism and the rate of hypertension in Cirebon, West Java, were not significantly correlated. Further research is required on a larger scale to investigate the effects of gene combinations or interactions with other locus genes on essential hypertension.
Genetic Polymorphism of Interferon-Gamma +874T/A as a Risk Factor for Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Cirebon, Indonesia Kiteswara, Allain Umadela Deuxawalu; Sari, Ariestya Indah Permata; Pratamawati, Tiar Masykuroh
GHMJ (Global Health Management Journal) Vol. 7 No. 3s (2024)
Publisher : Yayasan Aliansi Cendekiawan Indonesia Thailand (Indonesian Scholars' Alliance)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35898/ghmj-741107

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death globally, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. With 10% of all cases worldwide in 2022, Indonesia is the second-largest contributor of tuberculosis cases. IFN-γ gene polymorphism is one of the factors that have been studied extensively for its association with TB. Aims:  To analyze IFN-γ +874T/A gene polymorphism as a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis in Cirebon. Methods: Observational analysis with case control design was used in this study. Thirty-two tuberculosis patients as cases and 32 healthy controls at RSUD Waled were collected and performed DNA extraction to evaluate the polymorphism by using Amplification-refractory mutation system–polymerase chain reaction (ARMS–PCR). Statistical comparison was performed by using Pearson Chi-square and Kruskal Wallis test. Mann-Whitney U test was done for post hoc test. Odds ratio was calculated to see the risk of the assessed variables, including genotype, allele frequency, and the presence of polymorphism. Results:  In the case group, the frequency of TT genotype was 3 (9.4%), TA genotype was 26 (81.3%), AA genotype was 3 (9.4%). In the control group, the frequency of TT genotype was 12 (37.5%), TA genotype was 17 (53.1%), AA genotype was 3 (9.4%). A significant difference (p=0.034) was found among 3 genotype groups. Post hoc test revealed that TT and TA was the pair with significant difference (p=0.007). In addition, TA polymorphism was significantly associated (p=0.004) with tuberculosis (OR=6.614; CI95% = 1.660-26.349). Conclusion: IFN-γ +874 TA gene polymorphism is associated with pulmonary tuberculosis in the population of Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia.   Received: 25 September 2024  |  Reviewed: 23 October 2024  |  Revised: 10 November 2024  |  Accepted: 30 November 2024
Co-Authors Donny Nauphar Husna, Nazaul Kiteswara, Allain Umadela Deuxawalu Oktaviyati, Nurfithria Putri, Annisa Septiani Putri Sari, Ariestya Indah Permata