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Syngas Production by the Gasification of Bayah’s Coal over Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 catalyst Heriyanto, Heri; Nahudin, Ahmad; Amyranti, Mutia; Firdaus, Mochamad Adha; Suhendi, Endang; Kosimaningrum, Widya Ernayati
World Chemical Engineering Journal VOLUME 4 NO. 1 JUNE 2020
Publisher : Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/wcej.v4i1.10589

Abstract

Official data of Indonesia’s coal reserve provided by government in 2014 approximately reached 104.8 billion tonnes. Bayah as a part of South Banten region has been stored quite amount of coal. Gasification is one solution to utilize Bayah’s coal potential. Coal Gasification is a conversion process of solid phase coal into synthetic gas mixture (CO, H2). Main reaction of the process involves Boundouard and Water-Gas-Shift reaction. The aim of experiment was to observes influence of several variables such as : Air Fuel Ratio (AFR), Temperature, and Catalyst at particular condition. Gasification process becomes beneficial when ratio of synthetic gas mixture (H2/CO) exhibits 2.0. Synthetic gas mixtures were analyzed by using gas chromatograph method. 300 grams of Bayah’s coal (14 – 18 mesh) were gasified in updraft type of fixed bed reactor using steam injection under Air Fuel Ratio varied between 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, temperature of 600°C, 700°C, 800°C and catalyst of Ca(OH)2 and Na2CO3 . Air Fuel Ratio of 1.5 and 800 with the help Ca(OH)2 catalyst tended to produce the optimum result for H2/CO ratio which obtained a value of 1.98. Synthetic gas composition  at this variation reached 33.8% for Hydrogen and 17.1% for Carbon Monoxide.
The pH-electrodeposition-dependant of Iron Oxide Toward The Physicochemical Characteristics and Electrochemical Performance in Biorefractory Pollutant Degradation Kosimaningrum, Widya Ernayati; Heriyanto, Heri; Yulvianti, Meri; Pitaloka, Alia Badra; Najahtama, Muhammad Raja; Wibisana, Muhammad Aditya; Sutianingsih, Yulis
Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023): May
Publisher : Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21771/jrtppi.2023.v14.no1.p8-18

Abstract

Electrodeposition of the iron oxide (FexOy) nanoparticles on the graphite felt was prepared from a mixture of iron (II) and iron (III) precursor solution with various pHs (2, 7, and 10) by applying a constant current (galvanostatic) of 0.1 A for 30 minutes. Each resulting sample was coded GF/FexOy -2, GF/FexOy -7, and GF/FexOy -10, respectively. Graphite felt without modification, Raw-GF, was used as control. The mass of iron oxide (FexOy) deposited ranged from 0.02 to 0.03 grams. The product characterisation using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) showed the distribution of 500 nm particles on the surface of the graphite felt for the GF/FexOy -2 sample. In comparison, the distribution of larger particles (1 – 2 μm) was observed in the samples of GF/FexOy -7 and GF/FexOy -10, respectively. Spectrum resulting from an X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD) showed the formation of iron oxides (FexOy) such as magnetite (Fe3O4), haematite (Fe2O3), goethite (FeOOH), and lepidocrocite (FeO(OH)). Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum also confirmed the presence of Fe2O3 in the GF/FexOy -2 sample, Fe3O4 in the GF/FexOy -7 and GF/FexOy -10 samples, and FeOOH in all three samples. Applying the iron oxide modified graphite felt in the electro-Fenton approach process without aeration showed that it can degrade bio-refractory pollutants, such as methyl orange. The observed degradations of methyl orange were a decrease in the colour intensity up to 81.37% and a decrease in the COD up to 49.85%.
Kinetic Modelling of Solid-Liquid Extraction of Tin From Dimethyltin Dichloride by-Products: Effect of Solvent and Stirring Speed Adenia, Atika Putri; Jayanudin, Jayanudin; Kosimaningrum, Widya Ernayati; Kurniawan, Teguh; Zulfaidah, Farah Alifia; Siahaan, Yudhistira Madani Putra
Metalurgi Vol 39, No 3 (2024): Metalurgi Vol. 39 No. 3 2024
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/metalurgi.2024.785

Abstract

Indonesia is the world’s second-largest tin exporter; however, downstream utilization of tin remains limited. One potential source of secondary tin is the by-product generated from the production of DMT (dimethyltin dichloride) at PT Timah Industri, which contains 40–70% tin in both organic and inorganic forms. This study aims to investigate the extraction kinetics and evaluate the effects of solvent type and agitation speed on tin recovery from the DMT by-product. Extraction experiments were conducted using different solvents (water, 50% methanol, and pure methanol) and agitation speeds (300 and 400 rpm) for 24 hours. Tin concentrations in the filtrate were determined using XRF (x-ray fluorescence). Kinetic modeling was performed using first-order and second-order models through both linear and non-linear approaches. The results show that the extraction process follows second-order kinetics, with rate constants (k) in the short-time regime ranging from 0.002 to 0.005 L·(g·min)⁻¹ and in the long-time regime from 0.0001 to 0.0002 L·(g·min)⁻¹. Water demonstrated the highest dissolution capacity (35.35 ± 0.09%), while pure methanol selectively dissolved organotin compounds (30.45 ± 0.12%). The 50% methanol solvent yielded intermediate extraction results (32.65 ± 0.37%) due to the combined characteristics of both solvents. Agitation speed significantly enhanced tin dissolution.