Al Walid, Kholid
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Irfānī Epistemology and Indonesian Islam from Jabiri’s Fragmentation to Neo-Sadra’s Integration: An Islamic Philosophical Approach Al Walid, Kholid; Miri, Mohsen; Rijal, Syamsul; Gama, Cipta Bakti; Norman, Nurul Ain
Ulumuna Vol 28 No 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/ujis.v28i2.912

Abstract

This research departs from the conflict between Jabiri's fragmented geo-epistemology and his antipathy towards ‘irfānī epistemology, vis a vis the character and style of Indonesian Islamic reasoning. The strong influence of Jabiri's thoughts in this country makes it important to answer the question of the development of the discourse on the criticism of Arab Islamic reasoning, how Indonesian figures absorb his thoughts, and how to develop them in the future. Using the qualitative method and an Islamic philosophical approach, this research comes to the following conclusions: first, Jabiri's fragmented geo-epistemology is not consistent with its initial holistic vision, is stuck in a selective attitude, fails to appreciate Eastern Islamic culture, and rests on assumptions of rationality that lack depth. Second, Jabiri's influence in Indonesian Islamic discourse has not made local figures adhere to a fragmented epistemology, nor have they become antipathetic towards ‘irfānī reasoning. Third, the development of integrative epistemology and 'irfānī epistemology in Indonesian Islamic reasoning can be enriched with a foothold on Neo-Sadra philosophical models. All data in this study were collected using library research methods.
ANALISIS SPIRITUAL ATHEISM DALAM TINJAUAN FILSAFAT JIWA MULLA SADRA Al Walid, Kholid; Hamdi, Bil
TAJDID: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023): Kajian Ilmu Ushuluddin dan Studi Agama
Publisher : Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Studies UIN Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30631/tjd.v22i2.375

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the perspective of Spiritual Atheism. Philosophically, Spiritual Atheism is grounded in the epistemological framework of empiricism-saintism and the ontological framework of materialism. Its view on spirituality is based on the theory of mind-brain identity and atheistic mystical experiences. The thought framework and arguments of Spiritual Atheism are assessed to contain demarcation problems, contradictions, and limitations of knowledge. Using qualitative methods, literature research, and internal coherence analysis, this study concludes several points. Firstly, the onto-epistemological framework of Spiritual Atheism contains contradictions with its own principles by limiting the entirety of reality and sources of knowledge. Secondly, the theory of mind-brain identity is inadequate because it overlooks the reality of the plurality of consciousness effects that distinguish the soul and body. Lastly, spirituality without God or atheistic mystical experiences in Spiritual Atheism is rejected based on the principle of ittihād al-`āqil wa ma`qūl, which implies the necessity of every soul being connected to God as the efficient cause for all souls in the view of the reality of existence according to Mulla Sadra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis atas pandangan Spiritual Atheism. Secara filosofis, Spiritual Atheism bertumpu pada kerangka epistemologi empirisme-saintisme dan ontologi materialisme. Lalu, pandangannya mengenai spiritualitas bertumpu pada teori identitas pikiran-otak dan pengalaman mistik ateistik. Kerangka pemikiran dan argumentasi Spiritual Atheism dinilai mengandung problem demarkasi, mengandung kontradiksi, dan limitasi pengetahuan. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan riset pustaka serta analisis koherensi intern, penelitian ini menyimpulkan beberapa poin. Pertama, kerangka onto-epistemologi Spiritual Atheism mengandung kontradiksi dengan prinsipnya sendiri karena melimitasi keseluruhan realitas dan sumber pengetahuan. Kedua, teori identitas pikiran-otak tidak memadai karena mengabaikan kenyataan pluralitas efek kesadaran yang membedakan jiwa dan raga. Terakhir, spiritualitas tanpa Tuhan atau pengalaman mistik ateistik dalam Spiritual Atheism tertolak atas dasar prinsip ittihād al-`āqil wa ma`qūl yang berimplikasi pada keniscayaan setiap jiwa berhubungan dengan Tuhan sebagai kuasa sebab efisien bagi seluruh jiwa dalam pandangan realitas wujud Mulla Sadra.