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Reformulasi Konsep Najis Ala Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958) Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 5 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah IAIN Purwokerto

Ahmad Hassan (1887-1958), prominent figure of Persatuan Islam (Persis) who had critical views on Islamic law, offered a conceptual defiling stilth or najis in the context of ablution in Islamic law. In his view there were three kinds of najis: (i) najis as impurity that must be cleaned before praying (salat); (ii) najis as impurity that was forbidden to eat; and (iii) najis as impurity that contained in heart (qalb). These three kinds of najis, according to Hassan, were absolutely based on the rules in Qur`an and Sunnah of the Prophet. Furthermore we can see many controversial opinions of his views in detail rules in this field. In the first kind of najis, according to him, there were only five or six sorts of impurity that were all human substances, they are feces, urine, blood of menstruation, blood of childbirth, mazi, and wadi. These sorts of impurity purely based on the traditions of the Prophet and other legal reasoning. No other impurity or najis need to be cleanned before praying (salat) excepts those five sorts. So, some sorts of impurity like (spittle of) dog, pig, and animal manure, according to his view were not najis that have to be cleanned before praying. In the second kind of najis, according to Hassan forbidden foodstuffs were only forbidden foodstuffs mentioned in Qur`an. There was no forbidden foodstuff outside the Qur`an. In the third kind of najis, according to him, there was metaphor impurity that was in the hearts of unbelievers. The first and second concept of impurity or najis above are important to be studied furthermore.

Transformasi Akad Bay' al-Murabahah dari Konsep Fikih ke Produk Bank (Analisis Kritis Perspektif Fikih Muamalah) Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 8 No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah IAIN Purwokerto

Pembiayaan murabahah di bank-bank syariah adalah produk pembiayaan yang berbasis pada akad bayâ€™ al-murabahah. Jika dianalisis dalam perspektif fikih muamalah akad bayâ€™ al-murabahah yang dipraktikkan dalam produk-produk pembiayaan bank syariah tersebut sesungguhnya telah mengalami transformasi sehingga tidak lagi sama persis dengan konsepnya dalam fikih. Tulisan ini memfokuskan diri pada dua persoalan pokok, yakni apa saja bentuk-bentuk transformasi akad yang terjadi pada akad bayâ€™ al-murabahah tersebut dan bagaimana hukum dari transformasi akad tersebut dalam perspektif fikih muamalah. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap data lapangan yang ada, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa transformasi akad bayâ€™ al-murabahah pada produk pembiayaan di bank syariah sekurang-kurangnya meliputi lima aspek, yakni: konstruk akadnya, motif yang mendasari akad, pelibatan akad wakalah, persyaratan jaminan (agunan), dan denda terhadap angsuran yang bermasalah. Jika dinilai dari aspek syariahnya terdapat dua aspek yang tidak sesuai, yakni adanya angsuran pembayaran yang substansinya mirip dengan kredit yang berbunga dan adanya denda bagi yang pembayaran angsuran tersebut bermasalah.

Menggugat Hukum Wajibnya Zakat Fitrah Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Jurnal Penelitian Agama Vol 17 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : IAIN Purwokerto

Abstrak: Zakat fitrah yang dihukumi wajib menjadi salah satu penyebab rigiditas dalam pelaksanaannya sehingga pencapaian terhadap tujuan hakikidiperintahkannya zakat fitrah cenerung terkalahkan oleh persepsi keabsahan pelaksanaan zakat itu sendiri sesuai ketentuan formalnya. Dekonstruksiterhadap hukum wajib zakat fitrah merupakan salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan untuk memecah kekakuan tersebut. Penelitian terhadap golonganyang berpandangan tidak wajibnya zakat fitrah beserta argumentasinya ini menghasilkan kesimpulan besar bahwa secara teoritis pandangan tersebutdimungkinkan kemunculannya karena dalil syarak yang mendasarinya bernilai zanni, baik wurud ataupun dalalah-nya, didukung pula oleh teori al-jamâ€™ wa altawfiq, istinbat bayani terhadap makna farada, dan teori nasakh. Di samping itu, dari perspektif maqasid al-syariâ€™ah dengan berubahnya situasi sosial-ekonomiyang mengharuskan zakat fitrah, maka perubahan hukum tersebut, dari wajib menjadi sunnah, adalah sesuatu yang masuk akal. Hal ini didukung pula olehkajian kesejarahan (tarikh al-tasyriâ€™) yang menyimpulkan bahwa lafaz farada pada hadis tentang zakat fitrah lebih logis dimaknai secara bahasa, yang berartimenentukan (qaddara), bukannya menurut pengertian syarak, yakni mewajibkan, karena konsep tentang ahkam al-khamsah belum dikenal pada saatitu. Kata Kunci: zanni al-wurud wa al-dalalah, al-jamâ€™ wa al-tawfiq, nasakh, farada, tarikhal-tasyriâ€™

Considering Dawam Raharjo as the Foundation of Sharia Digital Business Ethics Azzumi, Aufa Rizka; Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Money: Journal of Financial and Islamic Banking Vol. 1 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Program Studi Perbankan Syariah Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/money.v1i2.15991

Purpose - This research aims to investigate the application of ethics in Sharia digital business and its potential impact on consumer trust and satisfaction in the context of Islamic fintech. The rapid expansion of Sharia fintech has led to the need for strong business ethics to guide and ensure the provision of quality services in the industry. Islamic business ethics, based on Sharia principles, play a crucial role in maintaining the continuity of Sharia business and promoting healthy competition. Additionally, the study explores the potential of Sharia digital business ethics in empowering society and supporting social empowerment initiatives within the framework of Islamic economics. Method – The research methodology employed in this study is qualitative content analysis, utilizing the works of Dawam Rahardjo as primary data sources. The data collection involves the analysis of written documents, including books authored by Rahardjo. The analysis focuses on identifying the compatibility and relevance between the draft ethical principles proposed by Rahardjo and the applied values in Sharia digital business. The life history approach is also employed to gain insights into Rahardjo's perspectives on business ethics. Result– The literature review examines the perspectives of Dawam Rahardjo, a prominent figure in Islamic economics, on Islamic business ethics. Rahardjo emphasizes the importance of fairness, transparency, responsibility, and accountability in business operations. The concept of "ta'awwun" (cooperation) is also highlighted as a key principle in Islamic economics. The review further discusses the ethical principles and values that underpin Sharia digital business, such as fairness, honesty, transparency, trust, and social responsibility. Jelaskan hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini Originality (Novelty) - This research integrates the perspectives of Dawam Rahardjo, a prominent figure in Islamic economics and business ethics, to provide a comprehensive understanding of the ethical principles that should guide Sharia digital business. By analyzing Rahardjo's works and examining the compatibility and relevance of his ethical framework in the context of Sharia digital business, this research expands on the existing knowledge and offers practical insights for digital companies operating in accordance with Sharia principles. Implications – The findings of this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of the application of ethics in Sharia digital business and its potential effects on consumer trust and satisfaction. The study will provide insights into the importance of ethics in maintaining long-lasting consumer confidence, promoting ethical practices in digital business operations, and empowering society. Moreover, the research will offer guidelines and recommendations for sharia-compliant digital companies to establish a loyal customer base and contribute to social well-being.

Challenges and Opportunities for Halal Tourism in Banyumas Sarpini, Sarpini; Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Ijtimā iyya Journal of Muslim Society Research Vol. 8 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Postgraduate, State Islamic University Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/ijtimaiyya.v8i2.9121

The tourism sector is one of the sectors that has an important role in the Indonesian economy. Since the concept of halal tourism emerged in early 2010, various reactions have emerged to the development of halal tourism. This year, Indonesia won the title of Top Muslim Friendly Destination of the Year 2023 in the Mastercard Crescent Rating Global Muslim Travel Index (GMTI) 2023 in Singapore. Indonesia's halal tourism rose to number one from the previous number two. This increase is an extraordinary achievement. In 2021, Indonesia is ranked fourth and in 2022 second. As one of the regencies in Central Java located south of Mount Slamet, Banyumas has many natural tourist destinations. Diversity of tourism such as nature tourism, religious tourism, to educational tourism is available in Banyumas. The beauty of this tourism can be seen from the number of tourists both from within and outside the region who visit. The increase in Muslim tourists is an opportunity and challenge to improve the tourism sector in Banyumas. This research uses qualitative research methods. This qualitative research method is used as a research procedure that produces descriptive data. This research concludes that Banyumas Regency as one of the regencies in Central Java Province is known to have tourism potential that is very potential to be developed. The development of halal tourism in Banyumas still has many challenges, namely air transportation access is not yet available. Tourism destinations are not yet evenly distributed, many are concentrated in the Baturraden area. Facilities and infrastructure supporting tourism activities still need to be improved in quality and quantity. Tourism attractions are less varied. There have not been many promotional events carried out related to halal tourism. In addition to the challenges, there are certainly many opportunities for halal tourism in Banyumas, namely the strength of the natural and geographical conditions of Banyumas Regency, which is dominated by a fairly large mountainous area. There are many waterfalls and other water tourism attractions. Location on the South Java crossing route. There are several destinations with religious nuances.

Qiyas sebagai Metode Ijtihad dan Implementasinya dalam Transaksi Keuangan Ekonomi Islam Kontemporer Ummah, Ina Nasihatul; Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Al-Muzdahir : Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Januari : Al-Muzdahir : Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah
Publisher : Institut Pesantren Sunan Drajat Lamongan, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55352/ekis.v7i1.1428

Along with the dynamic development of the times, many new products and cases have emerged in the modern economy. Islamic law has established and set boundaries on these issues concerning halal and haram aspects. The Qiyas method is necessary in legal studies to produce fiqh formulations in Islamic economic and financial law. Qiyas is the fourth source of law in Islam; this method of deriving law provides a broad pathway for finding legal foundations for all encountered issues. Viewed from the various types of 'illah, the deepening of law through the method of qiyas must be done carefully and cautiously. The dynamics of development and innovation of Sharia financial contracts in the Sharia economy will certainly become more modern in accordance with the times. Therefore, this poses a challenge for Muslim scholars to address so that it does not become a concern for the community when the application of Sharia finance contracts is packaged in a modern way, which on one hand requires the use of the qiyas method to determine their legal status. This paper aims to explain the concept of qiyas as a method of ijtihad in Islamic law and then examine the implementation of qiyas in contemporary Islamic economic transactions. The type of writing in this article is a library research study using a qualitative method aimed at discussing several themes about the definition of qiyas, the authority of qiyas, the pillars and conditions of qiyas, the types of qiyas, the dynamics of qiyas development, and the implementation of qiyas in contemporary Islamic economic transactions. In this article, it can be concluded that the implementation of Qiyas to determine its legal status can be formulated in the encyclopedia of contemporary sharia financial contracts that use the Qiyas method in determining the ashl and furu’ from the perspective of Islamic law. With transactions and financial products continuously evolving, many aspects of economic transaction activities that did not exist in the past have only emerged in the contemporary context, or it can be said that these transactions have developed from classical to contemporary.

Timur Kuran’s Critique of Zakat and Waqf and Their Relevance in the Modern Economy Ulum, Afif Saeful; Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Kesatuan Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): JIMKES Edisi Januari 2025
Publisher : LPPM Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37641/jimkes.v13i1.3114

This article discusses Timur Kuran's critique of zakat and waqf in Islamic economics and its relevance in the context of modern economics. Kuran argues that although these two instruments have noble social goals, their implementation is less effective in supporting sustainable economic growth. Zakat tends to be used for short-term consumption and is less flexible in adapting to the dynamics of the modern economy, making it less able to become the main instrument in poverty alleviation. Meanwhile, waqf is considered a static asset with rigid management, which often hinders its optimal use in economic development. Through a descriptive-analytical approach, this study explores Kuran's arguments by comparing them to the current concepts and practices of zakat and waqf. The results show that although Kuran's critique has a strong basis, reforms in the zakat and waqf systems, such as professionalization of management and implementation of productive investment schemes, can increase their effectiveness in supporting social welfare and economic growth. Therefore, adaptation and innovation in the management of zakat and waqf are needed to remain relevant as Islamic economic instruments in the modern era.

Penerapan Suku Bunga Bank Indonesia sebagai Instrumen Utama Kebijakan Moneter di Indonesia Perspektif Ekonomi Islam ala Syafruddin Prawiranegara Syah, Toufan Aldian; Aziz, Jamal Abdul
IQTISHADIA Jurnal Ekonomi & Perbankan Syariah Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/iqtishadia.v7i2.3487

Monetary policy is a factor that greatly determines the economic conditions of a country. Because it is very closely related to various things of economic activity in the efforts to achieve economic development that provides welfare for the community. This paper seeks to analyze the mechanisms of monetary instruments in Indonesia. Second, look at the extent of the implementation of monetary policy mechanisms in Indonesia by using Bank Indonesia Interest Rates. Third, the views of one of the Islamic economic leaders namely Sjafrudin Prawiranegara regarding the prohibition of the use of interest rates in Islam. Based on the analysis and discussion described above, the researcher concludes that the mechanism of interest rate-based monetary policy instruments in Indonesia remains the main instrument in controlling the country's economics and cannot be directly considered contrary to Islamic principles.

Challenging the Claim of Ijma' on the Prohibition of Bank Interest: A Critical Review of Murabahah Practices in Islamic Banking Yanti, Hani Esa; Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Al-'Aqdu: Journal of Islamic Economics Law Vol 5, No 1 (2025): June
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/ajiel.v5i1.3345

The global Islamic finance industry is growing rapidly, with its primary legitimacy resting on the claim of ijmāʿ (scholarly consensus) regarding the prohibition of bank interest. However, murabahah contracts, which dominate 76.95% of Indonesian Islamic banking financing, have received structural criticism similar to that of the interest system. This study analyzes the validity of the ijmāʿ claim regarding the prohibition of bank interest, according to uṣūl al-fiqh (principles of Islamic jurisprudence), and examines whether murabahah practices contain elements that lead to the interest system. Qualitative research with descriptive-analytical and critical-evaluative library research approach using data from classical uṣūl al-fiqh texts (Khallaf, al-Shāfiʿī) and 33 journal articles (2000-2025). Analysis was conducted through data reduction, comparative analysis, critical-methodological evaluation, and source triangulation. The ijmāʿ claim regarding the prohibition of bank interest does not meet the requirement of an agreement among all mujtahids (qualified scholars capable of independent reasoning) without exception, due to ongoing disagreements and methodological debates; thus, it is more appropriately categorized as a jumhūr (majority) opinion. Murabahah practices contain three elements leading to the interest system: the bank's role as a disguised financier with risk transfer to customers, mark-up systems influenced by market interest rates and varying based on time period (implicit recognition of time value of money), and structural-functional similarity with interest-bearing financing confirmed by empirical studies (12.87% margin approaching conventional rates). The double inconsistency between methodologically invalid ijmāʿ claims and murabahah practices resembling interest creates risks of a credibility crisis. Reconstruction is necessary through genuine ownership, a real economy-based margin setting, transparency, reorientation towards PLS (Profit and Loss Sharing), and strengthened shari'ah supervision.

Qiyas sebagai Metode Ijtihad dan Implementasinya dalam Transaksi Keuangan Ekonomi Islam Kontemporer Ummah, Ina Nasihatul; Aziz, Jamal Abdul
Al-Muzdahir : Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Januari : Al-Muzdahir : Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah
Publisher : Institut Pesantren Sunan Drajat Lamongan, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55352/ekis.v7i1.1428

Along with the dynamic development of the times, many new products and cases have emerged in the modern economy. Islamic law has established and set boundaries on these issues concerning halal and haram aspects. The Qiyas method is necessary in legal studies to produce fiqh formulations in Islamic economic and financial law. Qiyas is the fourth source of law in Islam; this method of deriving law provides a broad pathway for finding legal foundations for all encountered issues. Viewed from the various types of 'illah, the deepening of law through the method of qiyas must be done carefully and cautiously. The dynamics of development and innovation of Sharia financial contracts in the Sharia economy will certainly become more modern in accordance with the times. Therefore, this poses a challenge for Muslim scholars to address so that it does not become a concern for the community when the application of Sharia finance contracts is packaged in a modern way, which on one hand requires the use of the qiyas method to determine their legal status. This paper aims to explain the concept of qiyas as a method of ijtihad in Islamic law and then examine the implementation of qiyas in contemporary Islamic economic transactions. The type of writing in this article is a library research study using a qualitative method aimed at discussing several themes about the definition of qiyas, the authority of qiyas, the pillars and conditions of qiyas, the types of qiyas, the dynamics of qiyas development, and the implementation of qiyas in contemporary Islamic economic transactions. In this article, it can be concluded that the implementation of Qiyas to determine its legal status can be formulated in the encyclopedia of contemporary sharia financial contracts that use the Qiyas method in determining the ashl and furu’ from the perspective of Islamic law. With transactions and financial products continuously evolving, many aspects of economic transaction activities that did not exist in the past have only emerged in the contemporary context, or it can be said that these transactions have developed from classical to contemporary.

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