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Analisis dampak perubahan iklim terhadap produksi kedelai dan pilihan adaptasi strategisnya pada lahan tadah hujan di Kabupaten Garut Ruminta Ruminta; Aep Wawan Irwan; Tati Nurmala; Gheanofany Ramadayanty
Kultivasi Vol 19, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Kultivasi
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v19i2.27998

Abstract

AbstrakPerubahan iklim dapat menimbulkan ancaman bagi kegiatan pertanian karena berdampak terhadap kenaikan frekuensi dan intensitas kejadian cuaca ekstrem, perubahan pola hujan, serta peningkatan suhu udara dan kenaikan permukaan air laut. Tanaman kedelai merupakan komoditas yang paling sensitif terhadap perubahan iklim karena memiliki dampak penurunan produksi yang tinggi. Maka dari itu telah dilakukan analisis perubahan iklim terhadap produksi tanaman kedelai di wilayah Kabupaten Garut, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi adanya perubahan iklim di Kabupaten Garut, mengetahui dampak perubahan unsur iklim yaitu suhu udara dan curah hujan terhadap produksi dan produktivitas kedelai serta mengidentifikasi usaha adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh para petani. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telah terjadi perubahan iklim di wilayah Kabupaten Garut. Dampak perubahan iklim terhadap penurunan produksi kedelai berkorelasi signifikan. Penurunan produksi kedelai di Kabupaten Garut disebabkan oleh faktor perubahan curah hujan dan suhu udara. Adaptasi yang harus dilakukan petani adalah dengan menanam bibit kedelai yang mampu beradaptasi dengan perubahan iklim, melakukan pengaturan pola tanam, dan membuat sumur resapan air.Kata Kunci: Perubahan Iklim, Produksi Kedelai, Dampak, Adaptasi Strategis AbstractClimate change can cause a threat for agriculture because it affects to the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather, changes in rainfall patterns, and increase in global temperature also sea level rise. Soybean is the most sensitive commodity to climate change because it has a high impact of reduced production. Therefore it has been studied the impact of climate change on the production of soybean in the area of Garut District, West Java. The research object was to identify climate change in Garut District, determine the impact of climate change which is air temperature and rainfall on the production and productivity of soybean and identify adaptation efforts should be done by farmers. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the area of Garut District has experienced climate change. The climate change was significant affected on the decreased of soybean production. The decreased of soybean production in Garut District was caused by changes in rainfall and air temperature. Adaptation that must be done by the farmers are planting of yield that be able to adapt to climate change, regulate cropping patterns, and make infiltration wells.Keywords: Climate change, Soybean production, Impacts, Adaptation Strategic
Pertumbuhan dan hasil padi hitam yang diberi chlormequat chloride di lahan basah pada musim kemarau Fiky Yulianto Wicaksono; Andala Muhamad Nurdin; Aep Wawan Irwan; Yudithia Maxiselly; Tati Nurmala
Kultivasi Vol 18, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (113.637 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/kultivasi.v18i3.20439

Abstract

Padi hitam merupakan varietas padi yang mengandung pigmen antosianin paling tinggi. Permasalahan budidaya padi hitam yang dikeluhkan oleh petani adalah tanaman terlalu tinggi. Tanaman yang terlalu tinggi dapat menyebabkan tanaman rebah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek retardan terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi hitam sehingga tidak terlalu tinggi, namun masih memiliki produktivitas yang tinggi. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen yang dilakukan di kebun percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang mulai bulan Maret sampai dengan September 2018. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Retardan yang diberikan adalah chlormequat chloride (CCC) dengan konsentrasi 1500 ppm. Perlakuan merupakan waktu aplikasi retardan, terdiri dari: tanpa aplikasi (kontrol), aplikasi retardan pada saat vegetatif aktif, pemanjangan batang maksimum, jumlah anakan maksimum, dan inisiasi bunga. Semua perlakuan diulang 4 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan pada komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi CCC tidak memberikan perbedaan nyata terhadap komponen pertumbuhan, namun meningkatkan beberapa komponen hasil. Waktu aplikasi CCC saat jumlah anakan maksimum atau akhir fase vegetatif memberikan jumlah malai dan indeks panen lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol.Kata kunci: Padi hitam, retardan, sawahAbstractBlack rice is a rice variety that contains the highest anthocyanin pigment. One of the problem of black rice cultivation is the plant height. The plant is too high so it cause plant lodging and decrease yield. This study aims to determine effect of retardant on growth and yield of black rice so the plants are not too high, but still have high productivity. The study used experimental method, that conducted at Ciparanje experimental station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, Sumedang, from March to September 2018. Experimental design used randomized block design. Retardant given was chlormequat chloride (CCC) with a concentration of 1500 ppm. The treatment was application time of CCC in several growth stages, that consisted of: without application (control), application at active vegetative phase, maximum stem length, maximum number of tillers, and flower initiation. All treatments were replicated 4 times. It observed growth and yield component. The results showed that application of CCC gave no significant effect on growth component, but increased some yield component. Chlormequat chloride application at maximum number of tillers or end of vegetative stage gave number of panicle and harvest index that was higher than control.Keywords: Black rice, retardant, lowland rice 
The Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Nematode Steinernema spp. on Mortality of Lepidiota stigma F. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Toto - Sunarto; Aep Wawan Irwan
CROPSAVER Vol 2, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (452.141 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v2i2.23947

Abstract

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an alternative way to reduce use of synthetic pesticides.  One of them is using the natural enemy of insect pests, such as predatory insects, parasitoid, and entomopathogenic nematodes. So far the control of Lepidiota stigma F. in sweet potatoes carried out with synthetic insecticides that has negative impact to the environment.  Another alternative of L. stigma control with entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema spp.). This study aimed to obtain Steinernema spp. concentration that effective against mortality of L. stigma larvae. This experiment was conducted at Plant Nematology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran from Februari - August 2019. The research used was experiment method with Completely Randomized Design consisted of six treatments and five replications. The treatment were Steinernema spp. concentration of  0,  50,  100,  150,  200 IJ ml-1 of water, and Karbofuran dose of 15 kg ha-1 (0.002 g / 12.56 cm2). The results showed that Sterinernema spp. has an effect on mortality of Lepidiota stigma larvae at 24 HAA (Hours After Application) and 48 HAA.  Steinernema spp. at  concentration of 150 IJ ml-1 capable effectively causing the mortality of Lepidiota stigma larvae of 68% at 48 HAA.