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Positioning the Portrayal of White Protagonists in O.A Bushnell’s the Return of Lono and Ka’a’awa Kristiawan Indriyanto; Ida Rochani Adi; Muh. Arif Rokhman
Journal of Language and Literature Vol 21, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Universitas Sanata Dharma

This paper explores the role of literature in the post-truth age through reading on O.A Bushnell’s the Return of Lono and Ka’a’awa. A Hawai’ian novelist, Bushnell contextualizes the earliest interactions between the native Hawai’ian (Kanaka Maoli) and the white settlers which began with the arrival of Captain Cook’s expedition in 1778. Through his fictions, Bushnell underlines positive portrayal of the white characters to provide a counter-discourse to the generally accepted history of Hawai’ian colonialism. Through first person point of view, white characters become the central figure in both of Bushnell’s fictions. Through reading on O.A Bushnell’s narration, this paper aims to elaborate how the Hawai’ian natives also become a willing partner in western colonialism which highlights their colonial complicity. The concept of colonial complicity is employed to highlight the participation of the natives in promoting Western way of thinking. The analysis argues that although Bushnell contextualizes the complicity of the Hawai’ians in promoting Western discourse, resistance also occurs through creation of a hybrid culture. This paper concludes that in the post truth era, literature should always strive to uncover the truth based on subjective interpretation instead of abiding of a universal truth.

Rekonstruksi Identitas Ke-“Tionghoa”-an dalam Film Indie Pasca-Suharto Umilia Rokhani; Aprinus Salam; Ida Rochani-Adi
Rekam : Jurnal Fotografi, Televisi, Animasi Vol 12, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Institut Seni Indonesia Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24821/rekam.v12i1.1380

AbstrakKe-“tionghoa”-an senantiasa menjadi hal yang dipermasalahkan di Indonesia. Hal ini mengacu pada identitas ke-“tionghoa”-an yang selalu diformulasikan oleh masyarakat Indonesia, baik oleh masyarakat Tionghoa itu sendiri maupun masyarakat non-Tionghoa. Upaya formulasi tersebut dimunculkan melalui berbagai wacana yang muncul baik perdebatan publik maupun berbagai karya mengenai kehidupan masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia seperti dalam film. Metode yang dipakai mempergunakan pendekatan konstruktivisme sosial. Dalam hal ini, makna-makna subjektif dikaji atas pengalaman-pengalaman kehidupan masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia melalui representasi film indie. Representasi tersebut dikaji tidak hanya melalui makna karya semata, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan unsur sejarah sebagai salah satu penentu alat produksi dan reproduksi. Hal ini dilakukan dengan tujuan agar diperoleh gambaran latar belakang yang kompleks mengenai kondisi historikal dan kultural kehidupan masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia. Gambaran yang kompleks tersebut akan membantu dalam menafsirkan makna-makna yang terkandung dalam karya film indie sebagai suatu hasil produksi dan reproduksi dari gambaran kehidupan masyarakat Tionghoa sebenarnya. Identitas masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia terbentuk baik dari pandangan eksternal maupun internal, sudut pandang formal maupun informal. Sudut pandang eksternal dilihat dari sisi luar masyarakat Tionghoa, sedangkan sudut pandang internal merupakan sudut pandang masyarakat Tionghoa membentuk jati dirinya sendiri. Identitas yang dibentuk secara formal terkait dengan peraturan perundangan yang diberlakukan di Indonesia sedangkan secara informal merupakan identitas yang dikembangkan melalui kolaborasi budaya bersifat mana suka (arbitrerness) yang pada akhirnya membentuk identitas baru yang tumbuh dari konteks ruang-antara masyarakat Tionghoa di Indonesia. Abstract The Reconstruction of Tionghoaness Identity in Indonesian Indie Movies in the Era of Post-Suharto. ‘Being a Chinese’ has always been an issue in Indonesia. It refers to the identities of ‘being a Chinese’ that were formulated by Indonesian people, both by the half-Chinese Indonesians and non half-Chinese Indonesians. The efforts in formulating those identities were mediated by various discourses found in public debates and works of arts represented the Chinese society life in Indonesia, such as in films. In this research, the social constructivism approach was applied. The experiences in life traversed by the Chinese society in Indonesia depicted in indie movies were studied to get the subjective meanings. The representations were not scrutinized merely from the meaning, but also by considering the historical aspects as, among others, the determinant factor of the means of production and reproduction. It was carried out to get the full picture of complicated background about the historical and cultural conditions of the Chinese people in Indonesia. The complicated depiction will be very beneficial in interpreting the meanings of the indie movies as a result of production and reproduction of the real life experienced by the Chinese society. The identity of Chinese people in Indonesia was shaped by the internal and external perspectives, by the formal and non formal point of views. The external point of view was the one given by the non Chinese people, whereas the internal was how the Chinese view themselves. The formally built identity was related to the laws applied in Indonesia. Arbitrary cultural collaborations informally developed the new Chinese identity that grew from the spatial contexts between the Chinese people in Indonesia.

Changes in the Matrilineal System within Minangkabau Children's Carito Satya Gayatri; Ida Rochani Adi; Wening Udasmoro
Humaniora Vol 31, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada

This article explores the transformation of the matrilineal system within Minangkabau children’s carito. In general, children’s carito are considered bedtime stories that convey positive values; as such, research into them has focused on values. Children’s carito have been collected through interviews with storytellers who retain the carito within their memories. The memories of these storytellers have changed together with changes in the storytellers themselves and in their environments. To explore the changes in the matrilineal system within the carito, one story has been analyzed over three generations (from grandparents, parents, to children). Changes in the matrilineal system are evidenced through the carito characters’ emergence and disappearance, their actions, and their interactions with their mothers, who—as in the matrilineal system—are central within the carito. Changes, differences, and behaviors within the carito indicate the dynamic transformation of communal families to conjugal families and ultimately nuclear families.

SERIAL TELEVISI DEXTER SEBAGAI ANAKRONISME DALAM SASTRA POPULER Ida Rochani Adi
LITERA Vol 13, No 1: LITERA APRIL 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v13i1.1881

In the popular literature context, this study aims to investigate: (1) how the formulation of the characterization of Dexter in the television serial Dexter violates the tradition of literary characterization, and (2) how the formula of moral values is dramatized through Dexter, who is a sociopath, psychopath, serial killer, and person without moral. The research object was the television serial Dexter, which ranks five in popularity in the world. The data were collected by documenting 84 episodes of the serial having been broadcast since 2006. They were analyzed by means of content analysis and qualitative descriptive techniques. Based on the findings, the conclusions are as follows. First, there is a violation or anachronism of characterization through the main character in the serial. Second, the dramatized moral values still contain conventional values although they are in different forms.

RACISM IN THE LAST DECADE OF HOLLYWOOD COMEDY MOVIES Thiska Septa Maiza; Ida Rochani Adi
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 6, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The United States is considered to have entered the post-racial era in the 21st century, where racial preference, discrimination, and prejudice towards minorities, such as African Americans, are supposed to no longer exist. As one of the media that reflected American society, Hollywood movies tried to eliminate the discussion on race and racism. It can be seen in Hollywood movies that begin to eliminate the negative images and stereotypes of African Americans. However, it does not mean that racism vanished from the Hollywood movie industry, especially in comedy movies. Comedy movies are one of the genresthat often involve African-American actors and actresses. Their stereotypes are also commonly used to make humor in the narrative. Therefore, this genre is closely related to racism. However, comedy movies in the last decade, such as Evan Almighty (2007), Wild Hogs (2007), Meet Dave (2008), The Maiden Heist (2009), Last Vegas (2013), Someone Marry Barry (2014), and Going in Style (2017), are not showing any racism on the surface. By using Interdisciplinary as the approach, this research attempts to see how Hollywood presents racism in comedy movies, especially in the last decade. The representation theory is employed to interpret the images, scenes, and dialogues from seven selected comedy movies concerning racism. Meanwhile, the theory of humor is used to find out how racism makes humor occur through African-American characters. The finding of this research indicates that negative images and stereotypes of African Americans are still sustained in Hollywood movies. These depictions are shown covertly. Meanwhile, overt racism indicates that the African American characters are used to make humor occur in comedy movies.Keywords: African American; comedy; Hollywood; humor; racism; representation

COMMODIFICATION OF VALUES IN AMERICAN POPULAR FAMILY MOVIES IN 1990S Siti Harsia; Ida Rochani Adi
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This thesis investigates the American popular family films from the 1950s to the 2000s by using Interdisciplinary approach. This approach is intended to explore the object of research from the history, sociology, and cultural background. The theory of representation and commodification are used together to examine how the films represent American family life and how the film industry commercializes American family values. By focusing on family roles that include the division of roles between husband and wife, interactions between family members, and the values adopted by children as a result of parenting practice, it was found that the family concept shown in films from the 1950s to the 2000s represented the reality of the dynamics of family life in every decade. Besides, in popular films of the 1990s, 'Hollywood Family Entertainment' commercialized the patriarchal issues contained in the 'traditional family' concept. There is an ideology of 'ideal woman' strictly as a housewife which was commodified through these films. Optimistic value in the family was also commodified through the child character consistently, shown by the emergence of child character who tends to be positive towards the future, focus on goals, strives for success and happiness and free in making choices.

THE FORM OF SENSUALITY IN HISPANIC MUSIC IN AMERICAN MUSIC INDUSTRY: DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON AMERICAN POPULAR MUSIC Maria Elfrieda C.S.T; Ida Rochani Adi
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 7, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

In 2017 and 2018, Hispanic music reaches high popularity as world music. The reaction came from the American music industry, seen through the production of Hispanic music in American music industry, which brings Hispanic music as a part of American popular music. In this case, American popular musicians started to produce music that contains Hispanic music characteristics. Among all of the characteristics, the form of sensuality becomes a significant aspect in producing Hispanic music, even in American music industry. In relation to this fact, this research is conducted in order to see how the form of sensuality supports the popularity of Hispanic music. The theory of Discourse Analysis by Michel Foucault is applied to analyze sensuality as adiscourse behind the popularity of Hispanic music. As a research conducted within the frame of American Studies, this research also usesthe postmodern approach to see the new formula related to the form of sensuality in Hispanic music, especially when produced in the American music industry.

THE FRAMING OF WOMEN’S IDEAL BODY IN AMERICAN SOCIETY IN INSTAGRAM ILLUSTRATIONS BY JULIE HOUTS (@JOOLEELOREN) Ni Wayan Eka Jayanti; Ida Rochani Adi
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 7, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

This study aims to learn about the framing of women’s ideal body in Julie Houts’ illustrations and the factors that shape the frames. Conducted within American Studies, this study borrows Entman’s framing theory. This study applies qualitative and inductive methods to interpret the data. This study found that the framing highlights how women’s ideal body is limited to one body type. A thin, youthful appearance is often considered the ideal appearance for women. Tan skin is another aspect regarded as the ideal appearance for women. Thinness, youthful appearance, and tan skin are desired because they signify health, reflecting society’s obsession with health. The obsession with health often renders health a matter of appearance and gives power to those who look “healthy.” The benefits of having the ideal body often outweigh the risks women may bear from pursuing the ideal body. As women’s ideal body is limited to a thin, youthful appearance with tan skin, discrimination often occurs against women who do not match the ideal. Circumstances in society and the perception of women’s bodies become the factors that shape what is considered the ideal body.

CAPITALISM AND SOCIALISM AS IDEOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTIONS IN AMERICAN DYSTOPIAN NOVELS Anna Sriastuti; Ida Rochani Adi
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Literature reflects the history of people's lives, which includes lifestyle, culture, language, desires, and important events in people's lives. Dystopia novels cannot be separated from discussions about authoritarian government, restraints on people's freedom, criticism of the development of technology and information, exploitation and the class system, and the arbitrariness of the rulers. Despite telling a bad world, Dystopian novels proved popular in America, a country that promised freedom, equality, and freedom to its citizens. The possibility of different realities captured by American popular novelists who differ from their imaginations gave birth to dystopian novels that are popular in American society. Thus, this study is important to analyse Capitalism and Socialism as ideological constructions in American dystopian novels through Fahrenheit 451, The Handmaid’s Tale, Uglies, and The Hunger Games. This research will formulate an understanding of whether or not American dystopian novels confirm or negate the ideology of Capitalism and the ideology of Socialism.

CAPITALISM AND SOCIALISM AS IDEOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTIONS IN AMERICAN DYSTOPIAN NOVELS Anna Sriastuti; Ida Rochani Adi; Muh. Arif Rokhman
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 8, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Literature reflects the history of people's lives, which includes lifestyle, culture, language, desires, and important events in people's lives. Dystopia novels cannot be separated from discussions about authoritarian government, restraints on people's freedom, criticism of the development of technology and information, exploitation and the class system, and the arbitrariness of the rulers. Despite telling a bad world, Dystopian novels proved popular in America, a country that promised freedom, equality, and freedom to its citizens. The possibility of different realities captured by American popular novelists who differ from their imaginations gave birth to dystopian novels that are popular in American society. Thus, this study is important to analyse Capitalism and Socialism as ideological constructions in American dystopian novels through Fahrenheit 451, The Handmaid’s Tale, Uglies, and The Hunger Games. This research will formulate an understanding of whether or not American dystopian novels confirm or negate the ideology of Capitalism and the ideology of Socialism.

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