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RESISTING THROUGH CITIZEN JOURNALISM: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON THE BLACK LIVES MATTER MOVEMENT ON TWITTER Khansa Salsabila; Ida Rochani Adi
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 9, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspects of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions’ negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters’ resistance. It is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue. The rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer immediate attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.The Black Lives Matter movement in 2020 has emerged through the help of social media and citizen journalism in spreading the news, responding to the incident, and mobilizing the protest against police brutality and racial discrimination against African Americans. Citizen journalism has become an alternative for Twitter users who distrust American journalism from mainstream news media. This study examined tweets of citizen journalism to see the discourse of American journalism on Twitter. Using Van Dijk’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this study finds positive and negative aspectse of citizen journalism. The first is that citizen journalism is an online resistance tool of protesters against news institutions where they can voice their opinions and deny news institutions' negative portrayal. The second, citizen journalism, is a tool for news institutions in responding to the protesters' resistance. This is because protesters lack a solid and consistent perception of the issue, and the rejection of news institutions and journalists is no longer primary attention for them as soon as police officers attack news crews.

Rethinking John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas as Children’s Literature Nugraheni Bhakti Prajaningtyas; Ida Rochani Adi
Lexicon Vol 7, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v7i2.66566

This graduating paper aims to examine whether or not John Boyne’s novel entitled The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas should be categorized as children’s literature. The story tells about a nine-year-old German boy named Bruno with his Jewish friend, Shmuel, who lives inside the concentration camp during the Holocaust. This graduating paper applies the genre approach since it is the most suitable approach to analyze the elements of children’s literature genre, which are character and characterization, didactic elements, the happy ending, and element of pictures in children’s literature. In order to support the analysis, library research was conducted alongside the novel itself as well as supporting articles from reliable websites. The result of the analysis shows that John Boyne’s The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas cannot be categorized as children’s literature as the characteristics of children’s literature suggested by Nodelman are not found in the novel. However, The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas can be categorized as high literature since the characteristics of high literature are primarily found in the novel.

Women Detectives in Detective Fiction: A Formula Analysis on Dublin Murder Squad Series Alya Khoirunnisa Fadhila; Ida Rochani Adi
Lexicon Vol 8, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/lexicon.v8i1.73421

This paper studies the formulation of two women detectives in Tana French’s work, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway, in the Dublin Murder Squad Series by exploring the hard-boiled fiction conventions which underlie the formulation of Tana French’s two female detectives. The objective of this study is to determine how French innovates the hard-boiled fiction conventions in the formation of her women detective characters, Cassie Maddox and Antoinette Conway. By employing formula analysis as theorized by John G. Cawelti (1976), the results of this study show that French innovates the hard-boiled formula in four aspects. First, French innovates the hard-boiled formula by expanding the concept of marginality from economic class to gender and race. The second innovation is the substitution of the hard-boiled convention which emphasizes on masculine toughness with resistance to patriarchal control. Third, French re-established the relationship between the detective and the character femme fatale. Their similarity of female experiences and perspective with the femme fatale makes these women detectives not only reveal the femme fatale as a murderer, but also the motives and scenarios behind their acts. Finally, French also innovates the antithetical nature of the hard-boiled detective’s presentation by offering a ‘feminine’ path to justice. These observations show that French’s innovations on hard-boiled conventions on her women detectives are the extensions of the women investigators in the antecedent feminist revisions of the hard-boiled stories which are heavily influenced by the second-wave feminist values. However, Tana French also inserts her own commentary on the new variants of female character shaped by the new post-feminist discourse which separates her women detectives from those in the antecedent feminist hard-boiled revision series.

Nationalism in Popular Culture: Critical Discourse Studies on American and Indonesian Films Herman Felani; Ida Rochani Adi; Ratno Lukito
Asian Journal of Media and Communication Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): Volume 4, Number 1, April 2020
Publisher : Department of Communications, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/asjmc.vol4.iss1.art1

Many scholars have alarmed the rise of new extreme nationalism in many countries which is activelyÂ promoted by some important national and international leaders. This paper examines the discourses of nationalism in popular culture and compares them with the nationalism ideas as promoted by those political leaders. Assuming that popular culture represents the bedrock belief of the society, this study has investigated the ideology of nationalism in 10 American and 10 Indonesian films applying the discourse historical approach from Ruth Wodak and Martin Reisigl. This study has identified nine features of nationalism in American films, i.e. us against them, saving life of Americans versus taking life of enemies, Â individual versus institutional hero, hero as common people, anti war narratives, individual versus national interest, absence of governmental supports, white as the dominant, and superpower. While six main features of nationalism in Indonesian films are against poverty, against foreign power, against corruption, sacrifice and service for the nation, imagination as a nation, and developing the nation. This study concludes that the discourse of nationalism in American and Indonesian films do not in line with the nationalism ideas as proposed by the politicians or the government. While the politicians are campaigning new hostile nationalism, popular cultures are promoting nationalism with individual freedom and equality, striving for prosperity, and fighting poverty.Keywords: Discourse-Historical Approach; nationalism; new nationalism; popular culture; American film; Â Â Indonesian film.

Celebrating the East: The Contestation of Whiteness and Colored in John M. Chu’s Crazy Rich Asians Rif'ah Inayati; Ida Rochani Adi; Muh. Arif Rokhman
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 9, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Crazy Rich Asians is regarded as one of the movies that successfully represented Asians, regardless of all the controversy. One of the topics clearly presented in the movie is the contestation between the west and east. The dichotomy is resulted from the social construction of the western culture to maintain its superiority over the east culture. Since the movie seems to celebrate the east by portraying the Asian-Asians differently from the old stereotypes or old images of the eastern culture, but at the same time, this research finds that this movie overtly portrays the west as loveable or likable culture. The movie depicts the contrast between east and west through the story. This article is intended to analyze the contestation between east and west which is depicted in the movie. The movie is examined in how it depicts America as the west and Asia as part of the east. Therefore, deconstruction is used as the reading method to see what is behind it, the things that are not seen, related to how the Asians are portrayed in the movie. The finding of this research shows that there are double roles in the movie. The power of whiteness in the American movie industry somehow still brings impacts toward the contestation of whiteness and color.

Nasionalisme Religius dalam Film-Film Amerika dan Indonesia Herman Felani; Ida Rochani Adi
Jurnal Komunikasi Vol. 17 No. 1 (2022): VOLUME 17 NO 1 OKTOBER 2022
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/komunikasi.vol17.iss1.art7

This study aimed to examine religion-based nationalism in popular American and Indonesian films. The subjects of this research were American and Indonesian films from 1915-2020. This research used a mixed qualitative and quantitative research with content analysis approach. The findings of this study indicated that the discourse of religious nationalism was constructed in popular American and Indonesian films to carry out the practice of inclusion and exclusion of certain groups. The results of the analysis showed that religious nationalism in American films was dominated by Christian nationalism, while religious nationalism in Indonesian films was dominated by discourses of Islamic nationalism. Both American and Indonesian films were against the ideology of communism, but American films were dominated by exclusive nationalism, while Indonesian films were mostly inclusive. American films also tended to show Islamophobia while Indonesian films positioned Islam more as a spirit of religious nationalism. This research has theoretical implications for increasing studies on nationalism which always appears and strengthens in films as a form of mass communication.

American Influence on Youth Culture: Representation Analysis on Punk Subculture in Indonesia Yunia Dewi Fathmawati; Ida Rochani Adi
Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies Vol 10, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/rubikon.v10i1.74853

As globally sprung up, punk subculture is an evidence how American influence has been penetrated in many life facets, including through youth culture. Indonesia becomes one of many countries that accept and practice the subculture. The discussion of punk subculture in Indonesia can reveal the relation between both countries, in which America becomes the powerful party while Indonesia is the submissive ones. To find out American influence in the spread of punk subculture in Indonesia, Representation theory by Stuart Hall is applied in the research. The theory is used in observing punk community both of Indonesia and America in Instagram platforms, particularly some posts that containing of punk elements. By using qualitative method, the result of the research uncovers that Indonesia absorbs American punk elements in two ways: By assimilating it without adding other elements outside of punk and by integrating it to Indonesian context. Both ways show the submissiveness of Indonesia in absorbing the foreign subculture. Yet, especially for the latter, it shows how Indonesia still has a power of resistance in accepting punk subculture by still maintaining mother cultural elements in practicing it, and in the end, it adds a new different color in the global punk scene.

Nationalism in Popular Culture: Critical Discourse Studies on American and Indonesian Films Herman Felani; Ida Rochani Adi; Ratno Lukito
Asian Journal of Media and Communication Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): Volume 4, Number 1, April 2020
Publisher : Department of Communications, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/asjmc.vol4.iss1.art1

Many scholars have alarmed the rise of new extreme nationalism in many countries which is actively promoted by some important national and international leaders. This paper examines the discourses of nationalism in popular culture and compares them with the nationalism ideas as promoted by those political leaders. Assuming that popular culture represents the bedrock belief of the society, this study has investigated the ideology of nationalism in 10 American and 10 Indonesian films applying the discourse historical approach from Ruth Wodak and Martin Reisigl. This study has identified nine features of nationalism in American films, i.e. us against them, saving life of Americans versus taking life of enemies, individual versus institutional hero, hero as common people, anti war narratives, individual versus national interest, absence of governmental supports, white as the dominant, and superpower. While six main features of nationalism in Indonesian films are against poverty, against foreign power, against corruption, sacrifice and service for the nation, imagination as a nation, and developing the nation. This study concludes that the discourse of nationalism in American and Indonesian films do not in line with the nationalism ideas as proposed by the politicians or the government. While the politicians are campaigning new hostile nationalism, popular cultures are promoting nationalism with individual freedom and equality, striving for prosperity, and fighting poverty.Keywords: Discourse-Historical Approach; nationalism; new nationalism; popular culture; American film; Indonesian film.

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